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on Central and South America |
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Issue of 2024‒07‒08
four papers chosen by |
| By: | de Assis, Rebeca Froés; Loureiro, Carlos Felipe Grangeiro; Freitas, Clarissa; Timms, Paul |
| Abstract: | Through cross-sectional analysis, studies on transport-induced gentrification often interpret the phenomenon as an outcome instead of recognizing it as a set of intertwined processes. Consequently, limited insights are provided about the mechanisms underlying gentrification, which manifests gradually over the long-term interactions between transportation and urban development, primally driven by accessibility improvements. The absence of descriptive efforts poses a challenge for policymakers to predict or identify gentrification occurrence, besides inducing biased outcomes in investigations. This paper aims to provide researchers and policymakers with a conceptual framework of transport-induced gentrification, systematising explanations of space production and consumption in Latin-American metropolises. Firstly, we have undergone a theoretical review on land-use and transport interactions to develop an a priori conceptual framework. Subsequently, we applied a systematic literature review on empirical studies of Latin-American gentrification to incorporate some particularities into the framework, representing the phenomenon as an urban conflict generated in and through accessibility improvements. |
| Date: | 2024–05–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:ebf2h&r= |
| By: | Graña-Colella, Santiago; Silva Neira, Ignacio |
| Abstract: | Extensive economic literature has covered the effect of a natural resource boom on the performance of the manufacturing sector. Specifically, the Dutch Disease hypothesis establishes that increases in commodity prices should lead to a decrease in manufacturing exports, due to significant inflows of foreign currency that subsequently appreciate the real exchange rate. In 2003, a substantial increase in commodity prices, coupled with a pronounced appreciation of the real exchange rate, triggered a process of export primarization in Latin American countries. The paper aims to empirically assess whether the Dutch Disease framework can provide a suitable explanation for this phenomenon in Argentina and Chile. Despite both countries heavily depending on natural resources, they exhibit notable differences in economic scale, composition, and evolution of manufacturing exports, as well as their economic policy approaches throughout the designated period. This task is performed through the estimation of one VAR model for each country (2003-2019). The main results indicate that while there is insufficient evidence to assert that Argentina suffered from the Dutch Disease, the evidence for Chile remains inconclusive. These divergent results could potentially find clarification in an examination of disparities in export composition and integrated technology and thereby suggest a broader analysis regarding the policy implications. |
| Keywords: | Dutch Disease, VAR models, Argentina, Chile, manufacture export, commodity price boom |
| JEL: | C32 E12 F31 F41 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ipewps:296489&r= |
| By: | José M. Menudo (Department of Economics, Universidad Pablo de Olavide); Francisco A. Borja (Department of Economics, Universidad San Francisco de Quito) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the influence of the French liberal school in the formation of the Andean republics—Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, and Chile. Our primary focus lies on the teaching of political economy during the last two thirds of the 19th century. Our scrutiny to the chairs of political economy and a text mining analysis of their textbooks allows us to conclude that the French liberal school exerted a stronger influence compared to its British counterpart. In addition, the influence varied from the Chilean enthusiast reception to the political obstacles in the case of Colombia. |
| Keywords: | French liberal economists, Latin America, Spread of economic ideas, Teaching of Political Economy.. |
| JEL: | B31 B12 A11 A20 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pab:wpaper:24.01&r= |
| By: | Sebastián Katz (UBA); Eduardo Levy Yeyati (Universidad Torcuato di Tella) |
| Abstract: | Based on long series of per capita GDPs, we characterize the economic divergence of Argentina in the 20th century relative to a group of countries with comparable initial income per capita. We find the divergence to be considerably longer than usually conjectured, with two marked tranches in the first half of the century and in the post war period, the latter being associated with GDP underperformance despite the relative decline in population. We identify specific dates for the inflection points, discuss the context in each case, and propose a potential explanation of the divergence together with a description of the highly volatile plateau displayed since the 1990s. |
| Date: | 2024–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aoz:wpaper:325&r= |