|
on Central and South America |
|
Issue of 2024‒03‒04
four papers chosen by |
| By: | Manuela Cerimelo (CEDLAS-IIE-FCE-UNLP); Pablo de la Vega (IIE-FCE-UNLP); Natalia Porto (IIE-FCE-UNLP); Franco Vazquez (IIE-FCE-UNLP) |
| Abstract: | This paper estimates wage differentials between green and non-green jobs (wage greenium) in nine major Latin American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru and Uruguay), which account for 81% of the region’s GDP. We contribute to the recent literature highlighting a positive wage gap for those working in green jobs in developed countries. A positive wage gap for green jobs may be a virtuous market feature, as it means that in the future workers might be encouraged to switch to greener occupations. To do so, we define green jobs as those occupations with high greenness scores using the occupational approach as in Vona et al. (2018), Vona (2021) and de la Vega et al. (2024). Our results suggest that the wage greenium for the period 2012-2019 in Latin America was between 18% to 22%. Moreover, this wage gap has remained relatively stable over the years. |
| JEL: | E24 Q50 J31 |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dls:wpaper:0325&r=lam |
| By: | Brunori, Paolo; Ferreira, Francisco H. G.; Neidhöfer, Guido |
| Abstract: | How strong is the transmission of socio-economic status across generations in Latin America? To answer this question, we first review the empirical literature on intergenerational mobility and inequality of opportunity for the region, summarizing results for both income and educational outcomes. We find that, whereas the income mobility literature is hampered by a paucity of representative datasets containing linked information on parents and children, the inequality of opportunity approach – which relies on other inherited and pre-determined circumstance variables – has suffered from arbitrariness in the choice of population partitions. Two new data-driven approaches – one aligned with the ex-ante and the other with the ex-post conception of inequality of opportunity – are introduced to address this shortcoming. They yield a set of new inequality of opportunity estimates for twenty-seven surveys covering nine Latin American countries over various years between 2000 and 2015. In most cases, more than half of the current generation’s inequality is inherited from the past – with a range between 44% and 63%. We argue that on balance, given the parsimony of the population partitions, these are still likely to be underestimates. (Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality Working Paper) |
| Date: | 2024–01–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:qwb6k&r=lam |
| By: | Leonardo Gasparini (CEDLAS-IIE-FCE-UNLP & CONICET); Iván Albina (CEDLAS-IIE-FCE-UNLP); Luis Laguinge (CEDLAS-IIE-FCE-UNLP & CONICET) |
| Abstract: | Este trabajo estima la incidencia distributiva de los programas de transferencia de ingresos (PTI) a nivel nacional de Argentina para el año 2022. El trabajo extiende las estimaciones disponibles en varias direcciones: abarca la totalidad de los principales PTI del país, propone una más cuidadosa identificación de los beneficiarios de cada programa y utiliza estimaciones del ingreso ajustado por subdeclaración para calcular los resultados de incidencia. En conjunto, las estimaciones proveen un panorama más actualizado y preciso del impacto distributivo directo de la política social en Argentina. |
| JEL: | I30 D60 |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dls:wpaper:0326&r=lam |
| By: | Carneiro. Juliana (University of Warwick); Koppensteiner, Martin Foureaux (University of Surrey); Menezes, Livia (University of Birmingham) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we estimate the causal effect of transitory individual-level health shocks on schooling outcomes in Brazil. We focus on dengue fever, which, despite putting half of the world’s population at risk, has received relatively little attention, possibly due to its low mortality. We link individual register data on dengue infections with detailed individual records from the Brazilian school census and use a fixed effects estimation strategy to estimate the effect of dengue infections on grade retention and dropout. We find that dengue infections during the school year have a substantial negative effect on measures of student success, with an increase in grade retention of 3.5 percent and an increase in dropout of 4.6 percent. Using information on monthly attendance from the monitoring system of conditionalities of the Brazilian cash transfer Bolsa Famılia, we provide evidence that infections reduce school attendance. |
| Keywords: | Health shocks ; dengue ; educational outcomes ; drop-out JEL Codes: I12 ; J13 ; K42 ; O12 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wrk:warwec:1488&r=lam |