|
on Central and South America |
|
Issue of 2020‒10‒26
three papers chosen by |
| By: | Julian Martinez-Correa (CEDLAS-IIE-FCE-UNLP); Leonardo Peñaloza Pacheco (CEDLAS-IIE-FCE-UNLP); Leonardo Gasparini (CEDLAS-IIE-FCE-UNLP) |
| Abstract: | The effect of immigration on preferences for redistribution has been recently studied in the context of developed countries receiving migrants from poorer countries with very different cultural backgrounds. In this paper we explore this issue in the context of migration across similar Latin American countries. To this aim, we exploit data at the provincial level from a large attitudinal survey (LAPOP) and match it to immigration data from different sources. We follow three approaches: first, we implement an instrumental variables approach in a cross-section of censuses; second we estimate fixed effects models with data from a large sample of harmonized national household surveys, and third we exploit the massive inflow of Venezuelan refugees into the border country of Colombia with an instrumental variables methodology. Our results suggest a significant, negative and non-monotonic relationship between the share of immigrants at the provincial level and the support for redistribution policies. This anti-redistribution effect is larger among those individuals with higher income. |
| JEL: | O15 N36 |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dls:wpaper:0268&r=all |
| By: | Dany Bahar; Ana María Ibáñez; Sandra V. Rozo |
| Abstract: | Between 2014 and 2020 over 1.8 million refugees fled from Venezuela to Colombia as a result of a humanitarian crisis, many of them without a regular migratory status. We study the short- to medium-term labor market impacts in Colombia of the Permiso Temporal de Permanencia program, the largest migratory amnesty program offered to undocumented migrants in a developing country in modern history. The program granted regular migratory status and work permits to nearly half a million undocumented Venezuelan migrants in Colombia in August 2018. To identify the effects of the program, we match confidential administrative data on the location of undocumented migrants with department-monthly data from household surveys and compare labor outcomes in departments that were granted different average time windows to register for the amnesty online, before and after the program roll-out. We are only able to distinguish negative albeit negligible effects of the program on the formal employment of Colombian workers. These effects are predominantly concentrated in highly educated and in female workers. |
| Keywords: | migration, work permit, labor markets, amnesties |
| JEL: | F22 O15 R23 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_8601&r=all |
| By: | Meneses, Francisco; Blanco, Christian; Flores, Roberto; Paredes, Ricardo |
| Abstract: | Although literature on education economic returns is not un- common, research focusing in vocational students is quite scarce. This paper addresses labor market outcomes of vocational high schools’ students and their trajectories in the two possible paths in the Chilean higher education system: college education or vocational higher education. Using OLS regressions, we find that vocational high school education is associated with higher relative wages compared with students from regular or academic high schools. Moreover, when students follow tertiary education, higher relative wages are expected both for students from vocational and general high schools, specially for the latter. Using a regression discontinuity design (RDD) on two different discontinuity rules in the allocation of financial aid, we found that vocational high school students that continue in vocational higher education have neutral to positive wage impact of pursuing higher education. However, these students face a negative wage impact when they are induced to follow college higher education. |
| Keywords: | Competitividad, Desarrollo, Educación, Evaluación de impacto, Jóvenes, Productividad, Sector académico, Servicios públicos, Trabajo y protección social, |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dbl:dblwop:1648&r=all |