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on Tourism Economics |
| By: | Zafar, Maryam; Siddiqui, Danish Ahmed |
| Abstract: | The Tourism is a growing industry in Pakistan. It is one of the prime destinations which has so many diverse places to visit. It has a range of mountains with ethnic views, breathtaking sceneries, beautiful lakes, cultural and heritage sites etc. According to Wikipedia resources, in 2020 Pakistan was ranked as the best holiday destination. It was also ranked as the third-highest adventure tourism sites which has the greatest potential to attract tourist in the year 2020. Therefore, it is mandatory to consistently maintain the quality of the services received by the tourists. To address all such issues related to the quality of the tourism, this research aims to determine the effect of service quality in leisure tourism on tourists' perceived value and loyalty. Data was collected from 375 local and foreign tourists. Structural Equation Modelling was used through Smart PLS 4 to check structural relationships of multiple variables. The study found that economic, emotional, functional and social values significantly impact tourist contentment, with a subsequent positive effect on tourist loyalty. Hospitality and food quality positively influence loyalty, while accessibility, accommodation, transportation, and safety and security did not show significant impacts. The results also reveal a unique inverse association between transportation and social value. |
| Keywords: | Tourism, Tourism in Pakistan, Service quality, Perceived Value, Loyalty |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:341070 |
| By: | Rodríguez, Xosé A.; Martínez-Roget, Fidel; Loureiro, Maria L. |
| Abstract: | Over the last 20 years, the Spanish tourism sector has been affected by three very different types of crises: the global financial crisis of 2007/08, the socio-political crisis engendered in the Arab Spring, and the COVID-19 global pandemic. This study analyses how these crises jointly affect the demand for tourism in Spain. To better assess the current situation, the analysis breaks down the total demand into international and domestic segments, which are further broken down and analysed according to the type of tourist establishment. This study was carried out using dynamic panel data models, which were estimated using a Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). The results indicate that the financial crisis did not have negative impacts on global tourism demand in Spain. The Arab Spring had a significant positive effect, while the COVID-19 pandemic had a very negative impact on the demand for Spanish tourism, which was even more pronounced in the case of international tourism demand. The relative impacts vary considerably when different kinds of establishments are considered and when the evolution of domestic tourism is analysed compared to international tourism. We discuss the policy implications in light of these results. |
| Keywords: | Financial crisis Arab spring COVID-19 Tourism demand Dynamic panel data model |
| JEL: | D1 D10 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:128849 |
| By: | Timothy Freeman; Ricardo Hausmann (Harvard's Growth Lab) |
| Abstract: | Tourism represents a strategic opportunity for Bolivia to generate foreign exchange and support more inclusive growth. This report aims to quantify the opportunity, identify binding constraints and propose solutions. Using a gravity model of international tourism, we find that Bolivia performs significantly below its potential with an unrealized gap of more than USD 370 million. Applying Growth Diagnostics heuristics, we identify two constraints and suggest policy responses. At the national level, weak international air connectivity limits Bolivia’s access from key source markets. Accordingly, the report recommends a package of reforms to improve aviation competitiveness and air access. At the local level, coordination failures and governance issues hinder the emergence of strong tourism ecosystems, particularly in the Salar de Uyuni circuit. We propose a new destination-level governance architecture to facilitate coordination, align incentives, and deliver stronger benefits for local communities. |
| Keywords: | Bolivia, tourism |
| Date: | 2026–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:glh:wpfacu:266 |
| By: | Siamak Seyfi (Taylor’s University, University of Oulu [Finland] = Oulun yliopisto [Suomi] = Université d'Oulu [Finlande], Sunway University [Malaysia]); Albert Nsom Kimbu; Seyedasaad Hosseini (Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], UJ - University of Johannesburg [Johannesbourg, South Africa]); Tan Vo-Thanh (EMLV - École de management Léonard de Vinci, CERIIM - Centre de Recherche en Intelligence et Innovation Managériales - Excelia Group | La Rochelle Business School, Excelia Group | La Rochelle Business School); Mustafeed Zaman (Métis Lab EM Normandie - EM Normandie - École de Management de Normandie = EM Normandie Business School) |
| Abstract: | This study examines how international economic sanctions reshape women's work and livelihoods in Iran's tourism sector through the theoretical lens of feminist political economy. Drawing on interviews conducted in two phases around 2018 and again in 2024, the study unveils how sanction pressures operate across macro, meso, and micro levels, giving rise to three interrelated processes: gendered economic scarring, whereby sanctions deepen women's labour exclusion; sanction-driven informalisation, through which economic risk is shifted from institutions to women's insecure work; and a political economy of survival, in which women's adaptive labour sustains households without producing empowerment. By reconceptualising sanctions as long-term pressures on tourism economies, the study extends research on tourism crises, labour relations, and gendered inequality in crisis-ridden destinations. |
| Keywords: | Tourism labour Tourism crisis Economic sanctions Feminist political economy Gendered resilience Religious governance, Religious governance, Gendered resilience, Feminist political economy, Economic sanctions, Tourism crisis, Tourism labour |
| Date: | 2026–05–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05635062 |
| By: | Martínez‑Roget, Fidel; Rodríguez, Xosé A. Rodríguez; Pestana Mourão, Luis |
| Abstract: | This research is based on an empirical analysis of the determinants for job-level employment in hotels. The study takes data from 60 hotels in the Porto and Northern Portugal region, to conduct an empirical analysis based on a sample of 1560 observations, using a Tobit model. It considers how the various types of Artificial Intelligence (AI)—mechanical, thinking and feeling—influence employment. The research reveals that employment in hotels is positively influenced by internal characteristics such as the presence of female employees and having an own brand, as well as by worker-related factors such as professional experience and specialised training in tourism. The use of the various types of intelligence also has a positive impact on employment across various hotel jobs. The results demonstrate the coexistence of the three types of intelligence in the hotel jobs and a greater marginal effect on employment in roles that require emotional intelligence. This study is novel as in addition to traditional variables, it also considers AI as a determinant of employment in hotels. Furthermore, it analyses employment in a disaggregated manner across different hotel jobs, taking into account the intelligence associated with the tasks of each role and the current use of AI. |
| Keywords: | Hotels · Employment · Job-level · Artificial intelligence · Tobit model |
| JEL: | J40 |
| Date: | 2025–11–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:128846 |
| By: | Páscoa, Jorge (Nova SBE); Peralta, Susana (Nova SBE); Pereira dos Santos, João (ISEG) |
| Abstract: | Touristification has emerged as a transformative yet contentious force in urban economies, creating both economic opportunities and displacement pressures. We estimate the impact of a rapid touristification boom on residential mobility, household income levels, and income composition in two European cities heavily exposed to tourism pressure. Using administrative tax records from 2016-2019 and an instrumental variable strategy based on proximity to tourist amenities, we show that short-term rental expansion significantly increased out-migration rates, particularly among lower-income residents and tenants. While incumbent homeowners who remain in highly touristified areas experience income gains, movers exhibit weaker labour-market outcomes. Our findings highlight the highly unequal incidence of tourism-driven housing shocks. |
| Keywords: | short-term rental, household income, displacement, inequality |
| JEL: | R31 R23 Z38 D63 C36 |
| Date: | 2026–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18666 |
| By: | Smith, Rose Joy |
| Abstract: | This article explores how urban tourism in Budapest, Prague, and Warsaw curates, presents, and contextualises the communist past through depictions of everyday life in museums and walking tours. Utilising the framework of slow memory, the research shifts analytical attention from “eventful” and “sited” historical ruptures to the “non-event” nature of mundane routines and domestic objects. The study argues that these ordinary facets of life function as sedimented memories, gradually accruing through daily practice and shaping contemporary urban identities in ways that monumental history often overlooks. The analysis contrasts two distinct modes of memory representation: (1) museums, which provide structured, artefact-centric narratives that often frame history through institutionalised “routing points, ” and (2) walking tours, which offer mobile, experiential engagements that transform the city itself into a living museum. Through a comparative qualitative study of sites, namely the Budapest Retro Interactive Museum, Prague’s Museum of Communism, and Warsaw’s Life Under Communism Museum, the research highlights a persistent tension between commercialised “retro-nostalgia” and critical, sustained reflection. Ultimately, the article demonstrates how these diverse tourism modalities navigate the boundaries between remembrance and commodification, revealing that the residues of the communist era remain deeply embedded in the social and architectural fabric of modern European capitals. By foregrounding the “ordinary” within historical discourse, the research provides a framework for understanding urban identity as a process of quiet sustenance, where history is integrated into the very texture of contemporary life. |
| Date: | 2026–05–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:du8hr_v1 |
| By: | Moyo, Busani; Gwatidzo, Tendai |
| Abstract: | The announcement of South Africa as the 2010 host of the FIFA World Cup in 2004 was a triumphant moment for the country and the African continent. It marked the first time in FIFA's history that the World Cup would be hosted by an African country. We use synthetic control method to create counterfactual South Africa without the World Cup and compare it with actual South Africa to analyse the impact of this tournament. Our results show that although hosting the world cup games in 2010 had no positive effects on GDP it significantly increased tourism inflows. We however find evidence that GDP did increase during the period after announcing that South Africa would host the tournament to a year before the tournament. This suggests that the analysis of these events should focus on both the year the event is held as well as the period immediately after host announcement. |
| Keywords: | FIFA World Cup, South Africa, GDP, Tourism, Synthetic Control Method |
| JEL: | C31 C33 E23 L83 O11 O55 |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:128789 |