Abstract: |
The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has significantly reduced
tourism demand worldwide. Travel subsidies have been implemented to stimulate
demand, but their effectiveness is yet to be evaluated rigorously. This study
examines the determinants of the weekly tourist flow between Japanese regions
during the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluates the effectiveness of different
types of travel subsidies in mitigating economic damage to the accommodation
sector. The results show that the pandemic decreases both outbound and inbound
tourism demand, deteriorating tourism businesses even in areas not severely
affected by the disease. We also find that tourists shift their destination
from distant to neighboring regions, but a travel subsidy by the Japanese
government effectively creates tourism demand for distant regions. Moreover,
it induces tourists to stay in luxury accommodation, further augmenting hotel
sales. |