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on Tourism Economics |
| By: | David Perrain (CEMOI - Centre d'Économie et de Management de l'Océan Indien - UR - Université de La Réunion); Philippe Jean-Pierre (IAE La Réunion - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - La Réunion - UR - Université de La Réunion) |
| Abstract: | Tourism has raised many expectations from governments and public decision-makers. As a result, the challenges of the economic impact of tourism are at the heart of tourism strategies for destinations around the world. This question is even more significant for small island economies (SIE), since the development of most of them rests essentially on the tourism sector (McElroy, 2006; McElroy and Parry, 2010). The challenges of the economic impact of tourism are at the heart of tourism strategies for destinations around the world. This question is even more significant for small island economies (SIE), since the development of most of them rests essentially on the tourism sector (McElroy, 2006; McElroy and Parry, 2010). Although several studies seek to show and confirm the impact of the growth hypothesis driven by tourism on the economy of the destinations concerned, the debate is not over. This hypothesis still gives rise to many discussions, because the real impact of tourism is more than ambiguous. Effect, it gives rise to many uncertainties, due to the many negative externalities (environmental degradation, overtourism and economic leaks) that it generates, but also on the possibility of a gradual decline in its impact on local economies. Thus, the link between tourism and growth would thus be non-linear, since it would depend on the comparison between the advantages associated with the development of this sector and the negative externalities that it induces. The objective of this article is to empirically analyze the relationship between tourism and economic growth for 46 small island economies using threshold modeling. Unlike traditional studies which use linear models, we apply the threshold model developed by Hansen (2000) by testing three variables: the number of visitors (tourists and cruise passengers), tourist receipts and the tourist penetration indicator (TPI). TPI provides a comprehensive measure of economic, social and environmental impact on small islands (McElroy & de Albuquerque, 1998). Our results confirm a non-linear relationship of tourism to economic growth. The choice of the TPI as tourism variable makes it possible to identify two regimes. In the first, tourism has a greater impact on economic growth, when the TPI is lower. Its impact decreases when the TPI exceeds 0.30, that is to say at the point of inflection towards the second regime comprising saturated tourist destinations. |
| Abstract: | Le tourisme suscite de nombreuses attentes de la part des gouvernements et des décideurs publics. De ce fait, les enjeux de l'impact économique du tourisme sont au coeur des stratégies touristiques des destinations à travers le monde. Cette question est encore plus prégnante pour les petites économies insulaires (PEI), car le développement de la plupart d'entre elles repose essentiellement sur le secteur touristique (McElroy, 2006; McElroy and Parry, 2010). Les enjeux de l'impact économique du tourisme sont au coeur des stratégies touristiques des destinations à travers le monde. Cette question est encore plus prégnante pour les petites économies insulaires (PEI), car le développement de la plupart d'entre elles repose essentiellement sur le secteur touristique (McElroy, 2006; McElroy and Parry, 2010). Bien que plusieurs travaux cherchent à montrer et à confirmer l'impact du tourism-led growth hypothesis sur l'économie des destinations concernées, le débat n'est pas clos. Cette hypothèse suscite encore de nombreuses discussions, car l'impact réel du tourisme est plus qu'ambigu. Effet, il suscite de nombreuses incertitudes, en raison des nombreuses externalités négatives (dégradation de l'environnement, overtourism et fuites économiques) qu'il génère, mais également sur la possibile dégressivité de son impact sur les économies locales. Ainsi, le lien entre le tourisme et la croissance serait ainsi non linéaire, car il dépendrait de la comparaison entre les avantages associés au développement ce secteur et les externalités négatives qu'il induit. L'objectif de cet article est d'analyser de manière empirique la relation entre le tourisme et la croissance économique pour 46 petites économies insulaires en utilisant la modélisation à seuil. Contrairement aux études traditionnelles qui mobilisent des modèles linéaires, nous appliquons le modèle à seuil développé par Hansen (2000) en testant trois variables : le nombre de visiteurs (touristes et croisiéristes), les recettes touristiques et l'indice de pénétration touristique (TPI). Le TPI fournit une mesure globale de l'impact économique, social et environnemental dans les petites iles (McElroy & de Albuquerque, 1998). Nos résultats confirment une relation non linéaire du tourisme sur la croissance économique. Le choix du TPI comme variable touristique permet d'identifier deux régimes. Dans le premier, le tourisme a un impact plus important sur la croissance économique, lorsque le TPI est plus bas. Son impact diminue lorsque le TPI dépasse 0,30, c'est-à-dire au point d'inflexion vers le second régime comprenant des destinations touristiquement saturées. |
| Keywords: | Tourism,economic growth,threshold models,Islands Economies,Tourism penetration index,Modèle à seuil en panel |
| Date: | 2019–09–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02462562&r=all |
| By: | Carolyn Chisadza (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hateld 0028, South Africa); Matthew Clance (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hateld 0028, South Africa); Rangan Gupta (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hateld 0028, South Africa); Peter Wanke (COPPEAD Graduate Business School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Paschoal Lemme, 355, Rio de Janeiro CEP 21949-900, Brazil) |
| Abstract: | Tourism growth is on the rise in Africa, and yet limited empirical evidence exists that explores the factors that drive this important contributor of economic growth on the continent. Previous literature focusses mainly on developed countries. This study weighs in on the recent debate on African tourism by providing evidence on the role that economic uncertainties have on tourist arrivals. Using panel data from 1996 to 2017, we find that economic uncertainties reduce tourist arrivals in Africa in comparison to other global regions, such as Europe and Latin America. Further disaggregation by African regions reveals that economic uncertainties in the north, south and west regions drive these adverse results. These regions have been the hardest hit by political instability and social unrest during the period under review, which may have acted as a deterrent to tourists. |
| Keywords: | panel data, uncertainty, tourism, Africa |
| JEL: | C23 Z32 O55 |
| Date: | 2020–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pre:wpaper:202019&r=all |
| By: | Giao, Ha Nam Khanh |
| Abstract: | This research uses structural equation modelling (SEM) to test the correlation between service quality of the tourism destination and the satisfaction of the tourists who have visited Hội An ancient town. The research also uses the methods of Cronbach’s Alpha, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and SEM. The result shows that the tourist satisfaction has been affected by 3 factors: (1) Responsiveness; (2) Reliability; and (3) Empathy which were ranked by the importance. The research also raises some suggestions to the management and the tourist businesses at Hội An to enhance the tourists satisfaction. |
| Date: | 2018–08–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:sbjev&r=all |
| By: | Chengyuan Zhang; Fuxin Jiang; Shouyang Wang; Shaolong Sun |
| Abstract: | The Asian-pacific region is the major international tourism demand market in the world, and its tourism demand is deeply affected by various factors. Previous studies have shown that different market factors influence the tourism market demand at different timescales. Accordingly, the decomposition ensemble learning approach is proposed to analyze the impact of different market factors on market demand, and the potential advantages of the proposed method on forecasting tourism demand in the Asia-pacific region are further explored. This study carefully explores the multi-scale relationship between tourist destinations and the major source countries, by decomposing the corresponding monthly tourist arrivals with noise-assisted multivariate empirical mode decomposition. With the China and Malaysia as case studies, their respective empirical results show that decomposition ensemble approach significantly better than the benchmarks which include statistical model, machine learning and deep learning model, in terms of the level forecasting accuracy and directional forecasting accuracy. |
| Date: | 2020–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2002.09201&r=all |
| By: | Evangelos Christou (International Hellenic University); Chryssoula Chatzigeorgiou (International Hellenic University) |
| Abstract: | The element of training is taken into account seriously by universities providing tourism education degrees, hence the development of "sandwich" undergraduate courses that incorporate a period of industrial placement aiming at the blending of theory with practical experience through experiential learning. The survey presented here was conducted in Greece and is objective was to evaluate the outcome of the supervised work experience by examining the views of undergraduate tourism and hospitality management students who completed their industrial placement period. Data were obtained through personal interviews and were of both qualitative and quantitative nature. The tentative results of the research, as described in this exploratory study, indicate some areas for concern and allows for conclusions to be drawn in relation to further improving and enhancing experiential learning. |
| Keywords: | experiential learning,hospitality education,industrial placement period,tourism education,hospitality internships,work placement |
| Date: | 2019–10–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02467059&r=all |
| By: | Papagianni, Efthimia; Papageorgiou, Panagiotis |
| Abstract: | In the era of globalization, competition between cities is commonplace/frequent phenomenon, although economic theories believed that only businesses compete with each other. Nowadays, in order to attract visitors, residents and investments, the cities are turning to a search for policies and tools for reconstruction and upgrading of their characteristics. For this reason, cities' competitiveness plays a central role in local government and urban development policies. The present paper aims at studying the strategies between two different cities concerning the touristic development process. The two cities were chosen because of the fact that they are the second-largest cities of Greece and Bulgaria, additionally with rich cultural heritage and cultural diversity. Primary data was collected through semi-structured interviews, which are defined by a set of predefined questions and were based on open-ended questions. Α comparison was made between the two cities taking into account the data collected resulting to specific conclusions about the current situation, while at the same time it is of particular interest to repeat the research in the long run. |
| Keywords: | tourism development, economic development, tourism destination, culture tourism |
| JEL: | L83 O1 |
| Date: | 2018–10–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:98942&r=all |
| By: | Giao, Ha Nam Khanh |
| Abstract: | The research attempted to examine resource factors affecting the development of MICE at Dalat, by determining the stakeholders, and by interviewing 350 resources (means from the supply side). The methods of Cronbach’s Alpha, Exploratory Factor Anaalysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) together the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were used by the programs of SPSS and AMOS. The result shows that MICE development is affected by MICE destination resources, then MICE destination resources is affected by 3 main factors, arranged by the importance decreasing: (1) Organization resources; (2) MICE tourist resources; (3) Supplier resources. From that, the research raises some solutions for management and policy makers to develop MICE better. |
| Date: | 2018–06–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:r36yf&r=all |
| By: | Soulidou, Afroditi K.; Karavasilis, George I.; Vrana, Vasiliki G.; Kehris, Evangelos C.; Theocharidis, Anastasios-Ioannis T.; Azaria, Alberto H. |
| Abstract: | Selection of hotel is of high priority and significance for tourists and entails a complicated decision-making process. The paper aims at identifying the most significant hotel selection factors taken into account by Greek customers. An empirical research study was conducted using an online survey. Ten factors identified by literature review included in the investigation. The findings indicate that Cleanliness is the most important factor in the selection of accommodation, followed by Price and Staff. Considering the priorities of tourists, hotel managers may design more effectively their segmentation, targeting and positioning strategy to ensure that their offerings match the needs and wants of their guests. |
| Keywords: | Hotel industry, Consumer decision-making process, Hotel selection |
| JEL: | L83 M31 |
| Date: | 2018–10–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:98937&r=all |