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on Tourism Economics |
| By: | Slak Valek, Nataša |
| Abstract: | Understanding how tourists move through time and space has become especially important since tourist has become more attentive to prices. This paper explores the issue of changing expenditures as part of understanding tourist’s travel patterns and their role in booking accommodation. The State tourism survey containing information from a sample of 497,466 foreign tourists who visited Slovenia in 2009 and 639,756 who visited in 2012 was used to ensure the representativeness. Analysis of variance was used to test the differences in expenditure made by foreign tourists traveling to Slovenian in 2009 and 2012. The results show that transportation expenditure has increased dramatically, but tourism expenditures on accommodation showed a significant downtrend. Beside the fuel prices other causes of these trends and future implications are discussed. Planners may use data presented here to understand how economic trends will affect future transport activity in relation to booking options. |
| Keywords: | Direct booking, travel agency, expenditures, tour package, overnights |
| JEL: | L83 M1 O1 |
| Date: | 2015–07–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:77406&r=tur |
| By: | Michele Coscia (Center for International Development at Harvard University); Ricardo Hausmann (Center for International Development at Harvard University); Franke Neffke (Center for International Development at Harvard University) |
| Abstract: | Tourism is one of the most important economic activities in the world: for many countries it represents the single largest product in their export basket. However, it is a product difficult to chart: "exporters" of tourism do not ship it abroad, but they welcome importers inside the country. Current research uses social accounting matrices and general equilibrium models, but the standard industry classifications they use make it hard to identify which domestic industries cater to foreign visitors. In this paper, we make use of open source data and of anonymized and aggregated transaction data giving us insights about the spend behavior of foreigners inside two countries, Colombia and the Netherlands, to inform our research. With this data, we are able to describe what constitutes the tourism sector, and to map the most attractive destinations for visitors. In particular, we find that countries might observe different geographical tourists' patterns - concentration versus decentralization -; we show the importance of distance, a country's reported wealth and cultural affinity in informing tourism; and we show the potential of combining open source data and anonymized and aggregated transaction data on foreign spend patterns in gaining insight as to the evolution of tourism from one year to another. |
| Date: | 2016–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cid:wpfacu:328&r=tur |
| By: | Valeri, Marco |
| Abstract: | The aim of the paper is to study the factors influencing the development of networked collaboration between small and medium-sized businesses in the Italian tourist industry. These businesses are obliged to choose networking when faced with difficulties of growth and the need to improve their offer for increasingly discerning customers. The paper aims to add to the recent studies on the management and governance of small and medium- sized tourism businesses, and to pinpoint new development processes to deal with the notable difficulties that the sector is subjected to. A survey was carried out by administering a questionnaire to a sample of Italian travel agencies and tour operators, specialising in incoming and outgoing activities. The sample consisted of 2,200 enterprises (or 70% of the total operating in Italy) and was addressed only to small or medium-sized businesses (with less than 250 employees and a turnover less than 40 million euros a year). The narrowness of the sample analysed constitutes a limit to the work, and eventual future studies should try to analyse all tourism companies with a view to discovering new business opportunities, relieve critical situations and above all, call attention to appropriate issues of governance. |
| Keywords: | Small and medium-sized enterprises, innovation, competitive advantage |
| JEL: | L83 M1 O1 |
| Date: | 2015–11–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:77465&r=tur |
| By: | Gabor, Michalko |
| Abstract: | Rural tourism plays an important social and developmental role through the provision of additional income, especially in mountainous and disadvantaged areas. It contributes to the development and revitalization of rural areas, while strengthening the protection of natural resources. Consequently, in the last decades there has been much research examining the phenomenon of rural tourism, the problems faced by rural tourism businesses, etc. Although, there have been too many studies on rural tourism, they have not examined the progress of rural tourism research. Very little analysis has been conducted on the content of articles that examine this important area. The purpose of this study is to determine the progress in rural tourism research up to date by using content analysis technique on published articles in the most significant academic journals, with the aim of identifying focus areas and providing future research directions. |
| Keywords: | Rural tourism, content analysis, research methods and techniques |
| JEL: | L83 M1 O1 |
| Date: | 2015–05–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:77416&r=tur |
| By: | Nella, Athina; Christou, Evangelos |
| Abstract: | The continuous monitoring of market trends is one of the most important roles that marketing scientists and practitioners should fulfill. Tourism is significantly affected by major demographic, cultural and economic trends. In the last few years there is considerable debate on the radical demographic changes taking place around the globe and one of the main issues arousing in many developed and developing countries is this of ageing population. |
| Keywords: | Market segmentation, senior tourism market, ageing population, market targeting, destination marketing organisations |
| JEL: | L83 M1 O1 |
| Date: | 2016–02–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:77468&r=tur |
| By: | Onil Banerjee (Inter-American Development Bank); Martin Cicowiez (UNLP); Emily J. Morris (Inter-American Development Bank) |
| Abstract: | In this study we develop an evidence-based tool to help to guide policy and investment choices, to maximize developmental returns from tourism. Specifically, we develop a tourism-extended social accounting matrix and computable general equilibrium and microsimulation models customized for tourism investment analysis. To demonstrate the approach, we develop these data structures for Belize, at both national and regional levels. The framework developed herein can be used to quantify the direct and indirect, and shortand long-run impacts of tourism investments. Anticipating application of the approach to tourism investment analysis in the Central American Region, we provide a stock take of the availability of data to develop a similar suite of models for other countries in the region. |
| Date: | 2017–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dls:wpaper:0208&r=tur |
| By: | Atanu Adhikari (Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode) |
| Abstract: | While conventional pricing strategy involves sellers to decide price of a hospitality product, hospitality service providing companies carry the risk of capacity underutilization in many occasions when fixed costs are already incurred. Pay What You Think Fair (PWYTF) pricing mechanism motivates tourists to pay a fair price for unutilized capacity, thereby, increasing sales and profit for marketers. This study shows that PWYTF pricing mechanism with a concrete reference price of customer can generate significantly higher revenue and profit for a long period of time. We have conducted three experiments to show that PWYTF pricing strategy is a profitable and sustainable pricing solution for hospitality service providing companies to increase revenue during off-season as well as underutilization of hired capacity. This study opens a new avenue in pricing methods used in hospitality industry and contribute in significant way both in academic and practice. |
| Keywords: | Pay What You Think Fair, Willingness to buy, Willingness to pay, Participative pricing, Reference price, |
| Date: | 2016–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iik:wpaper:216&r=tur |