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on Tourism Economics |
| By: | Mehmet Balcilar (Department of Economics, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus,via Mersin 10, Turkey); Renee van Eyden (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria); Roula Inglesi-Lotz (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria); Rangan Gupta (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria) |
| Abstract: | The causal link between tourism receipts and GDP has recently become a major focus in the tourism economics literature. Results obtained in recent studies about the causal link appear to be sensitive with respect to the countries analysed, sample period and methodology employed. Considering the sensitivity of the causal link, we use the rolling window and time-varying coefficient estimation methods to analyse the parameter stability and Granger causality based on a vector error correction model (VECM). When applied to South Africa for the 1960-2011 periods, the findings are as follows: results from the full sample VECM indicate that there is no Granger-causality between the tourism receipts and GDP, while the findings from the time-varying coefficients model based on the state-space representation and rolling window estimation technique show that GDP has no predictive power for tourism receipts; however, tourism receipts have positive-predictive content for GDP for the entire period, with the exception of the period between 1985 and 1990. |
| Keywords: | Tourism receipts, economic growth, time-varying causality, time-varying parameter model |
| JEL: | C32 L83 O40 |
| Date: | 2013–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pre:wpaper:201363&r=tur |
| By: | Ayumu Tanaka |
| Abstract: | This paper provides the first evidence of geographic concentration of foreign visitors in Japan, using a new data on nights spent by foreign visitors in each region. Using locational Gini coefficients, I show that foreign visitors are more geographically concentrated than Japanese visitors and the level of geographical concentration vary across source countries. In addition, I employ gravity equations to examine the determinants of nights spent by foreign visitors in each prefecture. The results suggest that visa policy, transport infrastructure, and natural and cultural factors, as well as traditional gravity variables such as distance and economic size, play a role in international travel to Japanese prefectures. |
| Keywords: | foreign visitors, geographic concentration, locational Gini coefficient, gravity equation |
| JEL: | F14 L83 R12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kue:dpaper:e-12-013&r=tur |
| By: | Mitra, Raja Mikael (Asian Development Bank) |
| Abstract: | The Philippines is often referred to as a country from which export of services rather than manufactured goods is the principal engine for economic growth, as the share of the service sector in gross domestic product has exceeded that of the industry sector since the mid-1980s. Three major opportunities for leveraging service sector growth stands out. One is expanding the scale and scope of the export and domestic markets for information technology-business process outsourcing and other modern services in urban areas. Second is expanding tourism to foster economic development across social groups and regions including poor and remote rural areas. Third is enhancing the domestic prospects for Filipino technical, managerial, and entrepreneurial talent so they will work in the Philippines rather than overseas. To take advantage of those opportunities, there is a need for concerted efforts to improve infrastructure; logistics; broadband connections; the power supply; and education, healthcare, financial, legal, and public administration services and more generally the overall business environment for foreign investors and local entrepreneurs. |
| Keywords: | services; growth; Philippines; Asia; business process outsourcing; information technology; migration; diaspora; tourism; innovation; knowledge economy |
| JEL: | F22 L80 O14 |
| Date: | 2013–08–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbewp:0366&r=tur |
| By: | KUPFER, Franziska; KESSELS, Roselinde; GOOS, Peter; VAN DE VOORDE, Eddy; VERHETSEL, Ann |
| Abstract: | Airport competition is a topic which recently gained interest in transport research. However, many studies about airport competition focus on passengers or passenger operations. Research about airport competition for air cargo is still scarce. This paper contributes to the understanding of this topic by analyzing the airport choice for freighter operations in Europe. It first reveals the choice process that airports follow, as well as the different factors that play a role therein. Furthermore, using a discrete choice experiment, we analyzed six choice factors more in-depth. We collected completed questionnaires from 26 airlines and used the discrete choice data as input for a multinomial logit model. The results show that the presence of passenger operations at an airport is not a significant factor in explaining airlines’ choices, which, from an airline’s point of view, supports the idea of all-cargo airports and therefore the relocation of cargo operations to non-congested airports. The presence of forwarders, on the other hand, is the most important factor. This shows that, when trying to influence airlines in their airport choice, airports and policy makers also have to consider the preferences of forwarders. |
| Keywords: | Air cargo, Discrete choice analysis, Airport choice, Multinomial logit |
| Date: | 2013–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ant:wpaper:2013028&r=tur |