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on Tourism Economics |
| By: | Marta Disegna (Free University of Bolzano, School of Economics and Management.); Fabrizio Durante (Free University of Bolzano, School of Economics and Management.); Enrico Foscolo (Free University of Bolzano, School of Economics and Management.) |
| Abstract: | Independence among different tourism expenditure categories is the most convenient hypothesis for modeling decision–making processes. Nevertheless, the best-suited framework would require dependence among expenditures in order to face individual budget and ordered choices. To this end we provide a new multivariate copula-based logit model with explanatory variables. We applied our tools to the expenditures of the foreign tourists visiting South–Tyrol (Northern Italy), and we underlined the need to go beyond usual independence assumption in order to get more realistic results. The obtained findings are useful for policy makers, marketing experts, and local government in order to know how visitors allocate their travel budget; moreover, they can been exploited to improve the touristic supply by means of ad–hoc promotions, advertising, touristic packages, and attractions. |
| Keywords: | Tourism expenditures, Copula, Foreign tourism, Spending behavior, |
| JEL: | C14 C30 D12 L83 |
| Date: | 2013–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bzn:wpaper:bemps10&r=tur |
| By: | Escobari, Diego; Mellado, Cristhian |
| Abstract: | This paper estimates the demand for flights in an international air travel market using a unique dataset with detailed information not only on flight choices but also on contemporaneous prices and characteristics of all the alternative non-booked flights. The estimation strategy employs a simple discrete choice random utility model that we use to analyze how choices and its response to prices depend on the departing airport, the identity of the carrier, and the departure date and time. The results show that a 10\% increase in prices in a 100-seat aircraft throughout a 100-period selling season decreases quantity demanded by 7.7 seats. We also find that the quantity demanded is more responsive to prices for Delta and American, during morning and evening flights and that the response to prices changes significantly over different departure dates. |
| Keywords: | Airline demand, discrete choice, flight choice, demand estimation. |
| JEL: | C25 L93 R41 |
| Date: | 2013–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:47943&r=tur |
| By: | Patrícia A. Morita Sakowski |
| Abstract: | Este documento apresenta os ajustes metodológicos introduzidos na segunda pesquisa de campo realizada pelo Ipea no âmbito do Sistema Integrado de Informações sobre o Mercado de Trabalho no Setor de Turismo (SIMT), a qual teve como objetivo atualizar os coeficientes de demanda turística utilizados para o cálculo das estimativas de ocupação no setor. O artigo também elucida alguns dos fatores que podem gerar divergências nas estatísticas sobre o mercado de trabalho na área, tais como o recorte de atividades consideradas como turismo, a restrição ou não da análise do emprego apenas àqueles relacionados ao consumo de turistas, a inclusão do mercado informal, entre outros. Apesar de a metodologia ainda se deparar com alguns desafios, as estimativas obtidas são consistentes com as percepções de especialistas internacionais em estatísticas do turismo e com dados análogos de países com sistemas de estatísticas avançados. This paper presents the methodological adjustments introduced in the second field research conducted by Ipea under the Integrated Information System on the Labor Market in the Tourism Sector with the aim of upgrading the tourist demand coefficients used in the estimation of tourism employment. The paper also elucidates some of the factors that can explain the existence of different statistics for the tourism labor market, such as the scope of activities considered as tourism, the restriction of the analysis to employment related to the consumption of tourists or not, and the inclusion of the informal market. Although the methodology still faces some challenging issues, the estimates obtained are consistent with the perceptions of experts in international tourism statistics and with similar data from countries with advanced statistical systems. |
| Date: | 2013–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1842&r=tur |