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on Tourism Economics |
| By: | Simone Strambach (Department of Geography, Philipps University Marburg); Annika Surmeier (Department of Geography, Philipps University Marburg) |
| Abstract: | The development of standards and certification programs in global tourism has gained importance in consumption-production nexus. The paper is dealing with “Fair Trade in Tourism South Africa†(FTTSA), one of the first innovative service standards with a focus on the social dimension of sustainability. Until now, there has been little detailed exploration in the evolutionary trajectories of sustainable tourism standards from a knowledge-based perspective. This paper will contribute to a deeper understanding of the standard creation in global-local interaction processes over time and its impacts on the micro level of the firms. Conceptually it builds on two scientific debates - the neo-institutional approaches in organizational theory focussing on institution building and the research on innovation and knowledge dynamics. Empirically, it is based on 32 interviews conducted with different actor groups. |
| Keywords: | Knowledge Dynamics, Sustainable standards, Institutional theory, South Africa, Tourism |
| JEL: | D83 L83 O55 P48 Q56 |
| Date: | 2012–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pum:wpaper:2012-04&r=tur |
| By: | Evers, L.; Glorie, K.; Ster, S. van der; Barros, A.I.; Monsuur, H. |
| Abstract: | The Orienteering Problem (OP) is a generalization of the well-known traveling salesman problem and has many interesting applications in logistics, tourism and defense. To reflect real-life situations, we focus on an uncertain variant of the OP. Two main approaches that deal with optimization under uncertainty are stochastic programming and robust optimization. We will explore the potentialities and bottlenecks of these two approaches applied to the uncertain OP. We will compare the known robust approach for the uncertain OP (the robust orienteering problem) to the new stochastic programming counterpart (the two-stage orienteering problem). The application of both approaches will be explored in terms of their suitability in practice. |
| Keywords: | stochastic programming;robust optimization;uncertain orienteering problem |
| Date: | 2012–09–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dgr:eureir:1765037193&r=tur |
| By: | Bush, Glenn; Hanley, Nicholas; Moro, Mirko; Rondeau, Daniel |
| Abstract: | Protected areas are employed world-wide as a means of conserving biodiversity. Unfortunately, restricting access to such areas imposes opportunity costs on local people who have traditionally relied on access to obtain resources such as fuelwood and bushmeat. We use contingent valuation to estimate the local benefits forgone from loss of access to a number of protected area types in Uganda. Methodologically, we innovate by implementing a "provision point" mechanism to estimate Willingness to Accept compensation (WTA) for loss of access to protected areas. We show that the provision point reduces mean WTA by a significant degree. |
| Keywords: | WTA; Provision point mechanism; Willingness to accept; Uganda; Protected areas; Conservation costs |
| Date: | 2012–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:stl:stledp:2012-14&r=tur |