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on Tourism Economics |
| By: | Jaume Rosselló Nadal (Centre de Recerca Econòmica (UIB · Sa Nostra)); Mohcine Bakhat (Balearic Islands University) |
| Abstract: | Tourism has started to be acknowledged as a significant contributor to the increase in environmental externalities, especially to climate change. Various studies have started to estimate and compute the role of different tourism sectors’ contributions to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. These estimations have been made from a sectoral perspective, assessing the contribution of air transport, the accommodation sector, or other tourism-related economic sectors. In this paper, the contribution of tourism to electricity consumption is investigated using the case study of the Balearic Islands (Spain). Using a conventional daily electricity demand model, including data for daily stocks of tourists, the impact of different tourist policy measures on electricity loads is also investigated. The results show that, in terms of electricity consumption, tourism cannot be considered a very energy-intensive sector. |
| Keywords: | Electricity demand, tourism contribution, sustainable tourism, daily data |
| Date: | 2009 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pdm:wpaper:2009/6&r=tur |
| By: | Duha T. Altindag |
| Abstract: | Using a panel data set of European countries, this paper investigates the impact of crime on international tourism. Violent crimes are negatively associated with incom- ing international tourists and international tourism revenue indicating that tourists consider the risk of victimization when choosing locations to visit. This impact is smaller in magnitude in Southern European countries which are generally more attrac- tive tourist destinations suggesting that victimization risk and attractiveness of the destination may be substitutable traits. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lsu:lsuwpp:2009-15&r=tur |
| By: | Margaret M Calderon (College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of The Philippines, Los Banos); Josefina T. Dizon (College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of The Philippines, Los Banos); Asa Jose U. Sajise (College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of The Philippines, Los Banos); Rogelio T. Andrada II (College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of The Philippines, Los Banos); Nathaniel T. Bantayan (College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of The Philippines, Los Banos); Myranel G. Salvador (College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of The Philippines, Los Banos) |
| Abstract: | The Ifugao Rice Terraces in the Philippines are one of the world's grat cultural and environmental treasures and they have been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1995. However the terraces are threatened by a number of significant challenges. These include tourist pressure, a declining water supply and a lack of conservation planning, funds and resources. |
| Keywords: | Tourism, Philippines |
| Date: | 2009–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eep:pbrief:pb2009071&r=tur |
| By: | Carmen D. Álvarez-Albelo (Department of Economic Analysis, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain & CREB); Raúl Hernández-Martín (Department of Economic Analysis, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain) |
| Abstract: | Countries specialised in tourism tend to face two problems with contradictory effects: the commons and the anti-commons, which lead to tourism over- and under-production, respectively. This paper develops a two-period model to analyse the joint effects of both problems on a small and remote tourism economy. Congestion and the complementariness between foreign transport and local tourism services are key features in this type of markets. As a result, direct selling and the presence of foreign tour-operators emerge as possible market arrangements with different implications in terms of welfare and public intervention. Four main results are obtained. First, in the direct selling situation the optimal policy depends on the relative importance of the problems. Second, the existence of tour-operators always leads to tourism over-production. Third, the presence of a single tour-operator does not solve the congestion problem. Lastly, the switch from several tour-operators to a single one is welfare reducing. |
| Keywords: | commons, anti-commons, tourism, direct selling, tour-operators, optimal policy |
| JEL: | F12 F13 F14 L83 |
| Date: | 2009–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:xrp:wpaper:xreap2009-16&r=tur |
| By: | Antoni Luis Alcover Casasnovas (Universitat de les Illes Balears); Andreu Sansó Rosselló (Universitat de les Illes Balears) |
| Abstract: | As many traditional tourist destinations have experienced a slow down in tourist arrivals and expenditure, Butler’s (1980) Tourist Area Life Cycle (TALC) model seems to attract new attention from tourist researchers. The TALC describes the evolution of a tourist area from its discovery to its final stage picturing an evolutionary path represented with an S shaped curve associated to the logistic function. The limits of growth and the shape of the curve represent the existence of congestion problems and upper carrying capacity limits. But the TALC has been repeatedly criticized by its lack of operability and its departures from the anticipated curve. An alternative way to test its existence is to estimate its theoretical logistic curve and test the presence of unit roots. The application of this new technique to Majorca concludes that the evolutionary path predicted by the TALC does not apply in this particular case. Even more, the empirical results could imply that shocks that affect to this destination will have not temporary but permanent effects, encouraging the adoption of pro-active policy measures. |
| Keywords: | Destination lifecycle, carrying capacity, logistic function, unit root test |
| Date: | 2009 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ubi:deawps:38&r=tur |
| By: | Margaret M Calderon (College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of The Philippines, Los Banos); Josefina T. Dizon (College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of The Philippines, Los Banos); Asa Jose U. Sajise (College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of The Philippines, Los Banos); Rogelio T. Andrada II (College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of The Philippines, Los Banos); Nathaniel T. Bantayan (College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of The Philippines, Los Banos); Myranel G. Salvador (College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of The Philippines, Los Banos) |
| Abstract: | This study from the Philippines shows that tourism revenue could finance a significant part of the restoration and preservation work that is needed to save one of the country's most important cultural treasures. The study focuses on the key challenges that are facing the Ifugao Rice Terraces. The Ifugao Rice Terraces in the Philippines have been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1995. These terraces have been deteriorating steadily in recent years and they have been the subject of a number of under-funded and delayed 'action plans' that have failed to halt their decline. The challenges facing the terraces include a declining water and labour supply. The study finds that capturing tourists' willingness-to-pay for the conservation of the rice terraces could generate revenues of P 6.65 million or more a year. The study also finds that the water supply problems in the terraces would be reduced if deforestation was tackled and irrigation systems and damaged terrace walls were repaired. The study recommends that a labor subsidy payment should be introduced for Ifugao farmers. This would help them to continue to farm the terraces, would go some way to solving labour supply problems and would also help finance costly maintenance and terrace repair work. |
| Keywords: | Rice, Philippines |
| Date: | 2009–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eep:report:rr2009071&r=tur |
| By: | Taylor, Timothy; Longo, A. |
| Abstract: | Algal bloom arises in part from anthropogenic emissions of nutrients into the coastal zone. Increased interest in water quality in coastal and marine areas stemming from the Water Framework Directive and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive leads to important questions in terms of policies to address nutrient loadings. This paper presents the results from a choice experiment for the valuation of algal blooms in Varna Bay, Bulgaria. Varna Bay is an important tourist destination and a large port city on the Black Sea coast of Bulgaria. Algal bloom events have been experienced frequently in this area. A choice experiment questionnaire was developed to be applied in Varna Bay. The key attributes used were visibility, duration of bloom and the amount of congestion on the beach. The amount of bloom is found to be important - respondents are willing to pay for a program that entails 1 week of algal bloom about 33 Leva (s.e. 8.09) when there is high visibility; 21 Leva (s.e. 5.75) with medium visibility and 9 Leva (s.e. 3.48) with low visibility. Respondents are willing to pay more for programs that offer shorter duration of algal bloom. The marginal price for one metre of extra space between the respondent and the nearest person is equal to 0.38 Leva. |
| Keywords: | marine ecosystem; threshold effects; |
| Date: | 2009 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eid:wpaper:7/09&r=tur |