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on Tourism Economics |
| By: | Bichaka Fayissa; Christian Nsiah; Badassa Tadasse |
| Abstract: | Over the decade of the 1990s, Africa has experienced a rise in tourist arrivals from 8.4 million to 10.6 million and receipts growth from $2.3 billion to $3.7 billion, respectively. According to the World Tourism Organization (WTO, 2006), the tourism industry in Sub-Saharan Africa enjoyed a robust annual market share growth rate of 10 percent in 2006. In spite of this, there are only few empirical studies that investigate the contributions of tourism to economic growth and development for African economies. Using a panel data of 42 African countries for the years that span from 1995 to 2004, this study explores the potential contribution of tourism to economic growth and development within the conventional neoclassical framework. The results show that receipts from the tourism industry significantly contribute both to the current level of gross domestic product and the economic growth of Sub-Saharan African countries as do investments in physical and human capital. Our findings imply that African economies could enhance their short-run economic growth by strategically strengthening their tourism industries. |
| Keywords: | Tourism, Economic Growth, Sub-Sahara Africa, Dynamic Panel Data, Fixed Effects, Random Effects, and Arellano-Bond Models |
| JEL: | C33 F14 L83 O40 O54 |
| Date: | 2007–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mts:wpaper:200716&r=tur |
| By: | Egon Smeral (WIFO); Michael Wüger (WIFO) |
| Abstract: | This study uses time-series techniques and econometric approaches in order to quantify the effects that organising an EU presidency has on the tourism exports of a country. The approach to explain tourism revenues by a time-series intervention model filters out special effects (data discontinuations, exchange rates, events, media reports, etc.) by outlier detection methods, maps influences from trends, the business cycle and seasonal effects in an ARIMA model and depicts the effect of an EU presidency by way of an intervention variable. Using econometric indicator approaches, a country's tourism exports are controlled for seasonal and special influences, habitual effects and demand trends by way of suitable indicators, and a dummy variable is used to test whether the EU presidency made a statistically significant contribution to the revenues from tourism. |
| Keywords: | EU presidency, econometric indicator approach, intervention models, outlier detection |
| Date: | 2006–10–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wfo:wpaper:y:2006:i:282&r=tur |
| By: | William R. Eadington (Department of Economics, University of Nevada, Reno) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the conflicts within the European Union regarding protected status accorded to legal commercial gaming industries and the principles of harmonization that direct EU economic policy. Member States are permitted to constrain competition for gambling services as long as the primary purpose is to protect citizens from unintended negative consequences associated with the activities. Also, because of monopoly status, high tax rates, or government ownership, many EU gaming industries have become major contributors to government coffers or for funding for “good causes.” Legal challenges by private companies trying to participate in these protected markets have led to decisions by the European Court of Justice that have questioned such protected status. A number of key economic metrics for European gaming industries are presented, and competitive dimensions of EU casino industries are examined in comparisons to trends elsewhere. |
| Keywords: | regulation, gambling, European Union, harmonization |
| JEL: | K23 L43 L83 |
| Date: | 2007–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unr:wpaper:07-005&r=tur |