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on Transport Economics |
| By: | Ivaldi, Marc; Cherbonnier, Frédéric; Muller-Vibes, Catherine; Van Der Straeten, Karine |
| Abstract: | This study estimates the impact of a carbon tax on welfare, considering modal shifts to less carbon-intensive transport, as well as its effects on environmental and fiscal externalities. We calibrate a modal competition model using logit demand functions for a specific long-distance connection in France and simulate the introduction of a Pigouvian tax. Our key findings are: First, a €190/tCO2 carbon tax is nearly welfare-neutral but significantly detrimental to consumer surplus; Second, rail price regulation has the side effect of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by subsidizing the cleanest transport mode; Third, the widespread adoption of electric vehicles enhances overall welfare without significantly harming consumer surplus. |
| Keywords: | Modal competition; environmental externalities; carbon tax; high-speed rail |
| JEL: | D43 L91 R40 Q51 |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tse:wpaper:130752 |
| By: | Diego Buitrago-Mora (Department of Urbanism, TU Delft.); Anna Matas (Department of Applied Economics, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the relationship between the expansion of the rail system in the Madrid metropolitan area and patterns of population redistribution between 1998 and 2020. We focus on two major Metro expansion phases, which together account for approximately 40% of the current network. To capture the effects of improved infrastructure, we construct an accessibility measure based on the increase in job opportunities resulting from reductions in travel time. To address potential endogeneity in this key variable, we propose an instrument based on subsoil permeability, which serves as a novel proxy for tunneling feasibility. We estimate an elasticity of population with respect to travel time of 0.7, which remains stable across varying magnitudes of travel time reductions. The effect is stronger for individuals aged 40 to 59 and for the Spanish-born population. |
| Keywords: | Accessibility, population patterns, suburbanization, rail expansion. |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uab:wprdea:wpdea2506 |
| By: | Yixuan Huang; Kailai Wang; Jian Shi |
| Abstract: | The transition to hydrogen powered transportation requires regionally tailored yet scalable infrastructure planning. This study presents the first Texas specific, multi-period mixed integer optimization model for hydrogen transportation from 2025 to 2050, addressing challenges in infrastructure phasing, asset coordination, and multimodal logistics. The framework introduces three innovations: (1) phased deployment with delayed investment constraints, (2) dynamic modeling of fleet aging and replacement, and (3) a clustering-based hub structure enabling adaptive two-stage hydrogen delivery. Simulations show pipeline deployment supports up to 94.8% of hydrogen flow by 2050 under high demand, reducing transport costs by 23% compared to vehicle-based systems. However, one-year construction delays reduce pipeline coverage by over 60%, shifting reliance to costlier road transport. While the study focuses on Texas, its modular design and adaptable inputs apply to other regions. It provides a tool for policy makers and stakeholders to manage hydrogen transitions under logistical and economic constraints. |
| Date: | 2025–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2505.13918 |
| By: | Ezeofor, Vivian Kaife |
| Abstract: | This article examines the implementation of the EU’s circular economy policy in the electric vehicle (EV) battery supply chain, using Northvolt, a Swedish battery manufacturer, as a case study. It explores the EU’s Sustainable Batteries Regulation and its provisions for Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) as a critical governance tool that support sustainable battery production. The article analysis Northvolt compliance with the EPR system, particularly, it’s closed-loop production model, which involves the recycling of critical raw materials from used batteries and the incorporation of these recycled materials into new battery production. The article further analyzes the participation of various actors in the EPR framework and how they contribute to the EU circular economy goals. It contends that the Northvolt case illustrates how policy compliance can drive innovation and reduce environmental impacts in the EV battery sector. |
| Date: | 2025–07–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:q3vty_v1 |
| By: | Miller, Marshall R. PhD; Fulton, Lewis M. PhD |
| Abstract: | To guide databases that track progress on the uptake and use of zero emission trucks and buses, this project identified types of data that should be collected on a regular basis and compiled in a repository, preferably with public access. Funding will need to be identified to support this effort on an on-going basis. Data recommended for collection include those related to vehicles, infrastructure, projections, funding, the spatial location of charging power demand as a function of time, and exemptions from regulations that require fleets to purchase zero-emissions trucks and buses. These data recommendations were developed in part from conversations with staff at California agencies, such as the California Energy Commission and Air Resources Board, and with individuals working on the Alliance for Renewable Clean Hydrogen Energy Systems (ARCHES) hydrogen hub. The recommendations are evolving and could continue to evolve once data collection has begun. |
| Keywords: | Engineering, Zero emission vehicles, Data collection, Databases, Alternate fuels, Government funding |
| Date: | 2025–07–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt5fb6b6x2 |
| By: | Diana Elhajj Sleiman (LGI - Laboratoire Génie Industriel - CentraleSupélec - Université Paris-Saclay); Isabelle Nicolai (LGI - Laboratoire Génie Industriel - CentraleSupélec - Université Paris-Saclay); Julie Bulteau (CEARC - Cultures, Environnements, Arctique, Représentations, Climat - UVSQ - Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines) |
| Date: | 2025–05–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05150360 |
| By: | Lu, Hongyu; Fan, Huiying; Liu, Haobing; Liu, Ziming; Rodgers, Michael O.; Guensler, Randall |
| Abstract: | This study introduces MOVES-Matrix 4.0, an innovative high-performance implementation of MOVES 4.0.1 that generates exactly same energy and emission rate results as the Environmental Protection Agency’s latest version of MOVES 4.0.1, but allows users to deploy the MOVES model in complex and dynamic analyses. The team utilized the same conceptual design used in MOVES-Matrix 2014 and MOVES-Matrix 3.0, and updated the configurations on PACE supercomputing clusters to account for the programming changes with respect to MOVES databases (e.g., migration to MariaDB) and MOVES’ algorithm updates since MOVES2014b (e.g., extended VSP/STP parameters). The MOVES-Matrix 4.0 system develops sub-matrices of energy and emission rates by executing 181, 818 MOVES runs to generate more than 5.8 trillion energy and emission rates in thepopulated matrix for a single modeling region (represented by a unique combination of fuel specification regime and inspection and maintenance program). Performance tests demonstrate that MOVES-Matrix 4.0 produces the exact same results as MOVES4 (insignificant internal rounding errors that are less than 0.0005%). In modeling applications, generating emission rates from MOVES-Matrix is 200 times faster than running a MOVES instance. MOVES-Matrix 4.0 is ready to be used for large-scale, dynamic transportation network analyses and emissions modeling, given its open-source nature, and its compatibility with various scripting languages. View the NCST Project Webpage |
| Keywords: | Engineering, MOVES 4.0, energy use and emission modeling, federal regulatory modeling |
| Date: | 2025–07–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt0xg905w5 |
| By: | Antero Alves Pereira Neto (Universidade Federal de Uberlândia); Carlos Bianchi (Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y de Administración. Instituto de Economía); Marisa dos Reis Azevedo Botelho (Universidade Federal de Uberlândia) |
| Abstract: | With the global emergency triggered by the oil crisis and the climate conferences initiated in the 1970s, many countries around the world found themselves compelled to seek alternatives to oil. This led, particularly in the transport sector—one of the largest consumers of oil and emitters of pollutants—to developments aimed at enabling plant-based biofuels, fleet electrification, and the use of alternative fuels, such as hydrogen. Hydrogen, which can be produced through various methods, from oil transformation to molecular water splitting, emerges as a key prospect for achieving the full decarbonization of the global economy. However, the challenges of making it widespread encounter barriers that remain difficult to overcome. Using the methodology of social network analysis, this study aims to map the main trajectory of patents involved in consolidating the processes for hydrogen production through electrolysis, specifically for applications in the transport sector—a sustainable method with potential for widespread adoption due to its high energy efficiency. The results reveal the prevalence of patents that combine electrolytic transformation with internal combustion systems reliant on fossil fuels, an outcome unexpected from a sustainability standpoint. These findings underscore the need to identify a secondary trajectory with clearer advancements toward sustainability. This research aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7, 13, and 11. |
| Keywords: | Hydrogen, Electrolysis, Hydrogen Economy, Sustainability |
| JEL: | O25 O14 Q58 |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ulr:wpaper:dt-17-24 |
| By: | Hassan, Olusegun |
| Abstract: | Abstract Aviation Security is a critical component of national security, especially in countries like Nigeria that face multifaceted security challenges. As the custodian for both domestic and international travel needs, Nigeria’s aviation sector is vulnerable to a range of threats including terrorism, illicit drugs smuggling, human trafficking and organised crime. These risks underscore the need for a robust aviation security framework to safeguard passengers, infrastructure, and the nations broader security interest. This study, conducted a critical assessment of the existing aviation security arrangement in the country with a view to exploring its implication on national security. The study was guided by the Systems theory while the descriptive research design was adopted. Primary data was gathered through the Key Informant Interview method of data collection, where selected key informants from the aviation security directorates of Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN) and the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA) were interviewed. Secondary data were sourced from official documents, working reports and newspaper editorials, which were collected from public libraries, while some documents of the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) were sourced from NCAA and other online sources. Data were content analysed. Nigeria has made significant strides in improving aviation security through regulatory frameworks, strategic plans implementation, and international collaborations. Findings have however, revealed that issues such as inadequate technology, corruption, limited funding and insufficient training continue to pose significant barriers to its efforts towards exploring its full potential and contributing optimally to national security. Critical issues bothering on defective passenger profiling, obsolete surveillance technology and porous perimeter fencing systems were identified as major impediments that require appropriate attention through massive investment in biometric technology, intrusion detection devices with integrated alarm systems and surveillance drones equipped with real time footage access. Aviation security plays a critical role in the broader national security framework. However, its full potential can only be realised through government intervention in facilitating significant investment in airport infrastructure, innovative policy implementation, capacity building, and a more robust inter-agency coordination. Word Count: 330 Keywords: Aviation Security, National Security, Surveillance Technology, Airport infrastructure, Nigeria |
| Date: | 2025–07–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:92rqj_v1 |