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on Transport Economics |
| By: | Kim, Hyunseok |
| Abstract: | South Korea's strategies for deploying battery electric vehicles (BEVs) primarily include providing purchase subsidies and expanding charging infrastructure. An empirical analysis of new vehicle registrations from 2019 to 2022 shows that investing in charging facilities is more costeffective than offering purchase incentives for increasing BEV adoption. To achieve a higher share of BEVs, a stronger policy focus on improving the charging network is necessary to stimulate overall demand for BEVs. |
| Keywords: | Electric vehicle, purchase, subsidy, public spending, sustainable mobility, impact analysis, South Korea |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:kdifoc:302800 |
| By: | Kandhra, Diya; MacCurdy, Dwight; Lipman, Timothy PhD |
| Abstract: | To better understand inequities in EV charging costs, we compared charging costs at public EV DCFC stations to the cost for single-family housing (SFH) residents charging at home for three California electric utility service areas, the Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD), San Diego Gas and Electric Company (SDG&E) and Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E), and for three specific urban areas - Sacramento, San Diego, and San Jose. We used a combination of observed pricing data from PlugShare, a crowd-sourced database of public EV charging, and public DCFC pricing data from electric vehicle service provider (EVSP) websites, as well as electric utility tariff information from their respective websites. |
| Keywords: | Engineering |
| Date: | 2024–09–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsrrp:qt9dn2j441 |
| By: | Klein, Nicholas J. (Conrell University); Brown, Anne (University of Oregon); Howell, Amanda; Smart, Michael J. (Rutgers University) |
| Abstract: | How and why do zero-car households seek car access? We used a national online survey of 830 American adults and interviews with twenty-nine low- and moderate-income travelers about their car access behaviors to answer this question. We validated our findings with the 2017 National Household Travel Survey. Respondents got rides, borrowed cars, and used ride-hail to access grocery trips, social/recreational activities, and medical care. While most interviewees intend to purchase a vehicle in the future, they also desire better transit, suggesting that households without cars do not necessarily prefer car ownership. |
| Date: | 2024–09–13 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:4ngtr |
| By: | Tören, Tolga |
| Abstract: | Since the beginnings of the 2000s, but especially in the aftermath of the 2008 crisis in Turkey, many policy texts as well as publications expressing the expectations of the business community began to emphasise the importance of the transport sector for the Turkish economy, based on the claim that the country's transport infrastructure should be built in such a way as to connect production centres with the market at the highest possible speed and at the lowest possible cost. During this period, many infrastructure investments in the form of public-private partnership projects (PPP) in many areas of the transport sector, especially motorways and airports, came to the fore in Turkey, and some strategically important ports, roads or railway institutions began to be subjected to privatisation, commercialisation and deregulation. Another dimension of the process mentioned above is the projects that aim not only to make large investments in transport, called "megaprojects", but also to articulate public urban spaces to these megaprojects by commodifying these spaces through the creation of new rental areas, as in the case of the Haydarpaşa Railway Station, which was opened in 1872 in İstanbul's Asian-side district of Kadıköy beside the Bosphorus with the idea that the freight carried by trains reaching the station could be transferred to the ships in the Bosphorus (Fuhrmann, 2022; Middleton, 2011; Wikipedia, 2023a). In 2004, the Justice and Development Party (AKP) government included the station and a million square metre area of the port next to the station in the urban transformation project, which included many examples of gentrification, such as turning the area into a gallery of shopping malls, luxury hotels, luxury apartments and marinas. The project had a complementary relationship with another project, the Marmaray Tube, which connects the Anatolian and European sides of İstanbul with a tube under the Marmara Sea. This means that the Marmaray Tube allows passengers travelling to İstanbul by train from Anatolian cities, or by suburban train from districts on the Anatolian side of İstanbul, to bypass the Haydarpaşa station and travel to the European side through a tunnel under the Marmara Sea. Once the Marmaray Tube is launched, passengers using rail transport would be able to cross to the European side through the Marmaray Tube instead of the ferries that leave Haydarpaşa and reach the opposite shore in about 15 minutes (Fuhrmann, 2022). Therefore, the restructuring of Haydarpaşa station and its surroundings as a rent-seeking area and the Marmaray Tube project were closely linked. In fact, Haydarpaşa station was closed to train traffic after the Marmaray Tube was inaugurated in 2013. (...) |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:gluwps:302302 |
| By: | Ibrahem Shatnawi; Jeyhun Mikayilov (King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center) |
| Abstract: | The adoption of more stringent fuel economy standards represents a pivotal pathway toward achieving net zero emissions in the transportation sector. By steadily increasing the fuel efficiency of vehicles, this approach drives a gradual but consistent decline in emissions. When coupled with the simultaneous integration of electric and alternative fuel vehicles into the market, the goal of net zero emissions becomes increasingly feasible. |
| Date: | 2024–07–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:prc:dpaper:ks--2024-dp21 |
| By: | Rubal Dua; Tamara Sheldon (King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center) |
| Abstract: | Research has shown that when combined in a mobility-on-demand (MOD) framework, automation, carpooling, and electrification have the potential for theoretically large emission reductions. However, there is insufficient research regarding the consumer preferences for and behavioral responses to this vision of transportation in the future. In this paper, we use choice experiment data collected from an online ride-hailing survey to quantify the consumer preferences for these technologies. |
| Keywords: | Ride-hailing, Vehicle Electrification |
| Date: | 2024–03–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:prc:dpaper:ks--2024-dp06 |
| By: | Rodriguez, Daniel A. PhD; Pike, Susie PhD; McNally, Michael PhD; Li, Meiqing |
| Abstract: | During the pandemic, California’s four major rail systems— Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART), San Diego Metropolitan Transit System (MTS), Sacramento Regional Transit (SacRT), and Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (LA Metro)—experienced an average ridership decline of 72 percent between 2019 and 2021. BART had the greatest decrease (87 percent) and MTS the lowest (47 percent). However, ridership changes varied significantly across individual stations, with stations located in the central business district or at the end of lines having the highest ridership losses. Land use, development density, and the pedestrian environment are strongly associated with station-level transit ridership. We examined how these characteristics affect transit ridership pre- and post-COVID and how they differ across station types based on longitudinal data collected between 2019 and 2021 for 242 rail stations belonging to BART, MTS, SacRT, and LA Metro. |
| Keywords: | Social and Behavioral Sciences |
| Date: | 2024–09–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsrrp:qt3km8b4jw |
| By: | Qiumin Liu (Beijing Transport Institute, VU Amsterdam and Beijing Jiaotong University); Vincent A.C. van den Berg (VU Amsterdam); Erik T. Verhoef (VU Amsterdam); Rui Jian (Beijing Jiaotong University) |
| Abstract: | We analyse time-varying tolling in the stochastic bottleneck model with price-sensitive demand and uncertain capacity. We find that price sensitivity and its interplay with uncertainty have important implications for the effects of tolling on travel costs, welfare and consumers. We evaluate three fully time-variant tolls and a step toll that have been proposed in previous literature. We also consider a uniform toll, which affects overall demand but not trip timing decisions. The first fully time-variant toll is the “first-best†toll, which varies non-linearly over time and results in a departure rate that also varies over time. It raises the generalised price (i.e. the sum of travel cost and toll), thus lowering demand. These outcomes differ fundamentally from those found for first-best pricing in the deterministic bottleneck model. The second we call a “second-best†toll, as it aims to keep the departure rate constant over time. This is optimal without uncertainty, but it lowers welfare with uncertain capacity. Next, “third-best†tolling adds the further constraint that, besides a constant departure rate, the generalised price should stay the same as without tolling. It attains a lower welfare and higher expected travel cost than the second-best scheme, but a lower generalised price. All our tolling schemes—except for the third-best one—raise the price compared to the no-toll case. In our numerical study, when there is less uncertainty, the second-best and third-best tolls achieve welfares closer to that of the first-best toll, and the three schemes are identical without uncertainty. As the degree of uncertainty falls, the uniform and single-step tolls attain welfare gains closer to that from first-best pricing. Also, when demand becomes more price-sensitive, the uniform and single-step tolls attain outcomes closer to those in the first-best outcome. Our ADL equilibrium step toll would lower the generalised price without uncertainty but raises it in our stochastic setting. |
| Keywords: | stochastic bottleneck model, price-sensitive demand, time-varying toll, step toll, uncertainty |
| JEL: | R41 R48 D62 D80 |
| Date: | 2024–02–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tin:wpaper:20240011 |
| By: | Puneet Kamboj; Mohamad Hejazi; Yang Qiu; Page Kyle; Gokul Iyer (King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center) |
| Abstract: | Decarbonizing the transport sector will likely play a crucial role for Saudi Arabia in fulfilling its target of reaching net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2060. While clear and immediate low-carbon or zero-carbon alternatives exist in some sectors, the transport sector faces challenges. For instance, there are promising solutions for passenger cars, but solutions for long-distance transport are still being developed or are in the early adoption phase. Understanding these challenges requires a comprehensive study of Saudi Arabia’s transport sector and the long-term impact of various policies on the industry. |
| Keywords: | Air conditioning, Applied general model, Article 6, Blockchain |
| Date: | 2024–01–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:prc:dpaper:ks--2024-dp01 |
| By: | Sanchis-Guarner, Rosa; Szumilo, Nikodem; Vernet, Antoine |
| Abstract: | We study the impact of improved rail access on entrepreneurship rates in England and Wales. We use data from the Census spanning 2001, 2011, and 2021 to analyse self-employment rates in granular geographic areas of around 200 residents. Specifically, we study how they respond to changes in the distance to the nearest train station occurring due to 56 new station openings. We find that all else equal, moving 1 km further away from a station reduces self-employment rates by 0.12 percentage points, with the effect dissipating beyond 7 km. Secondary results suggest that access to rail makes it easier to become self-employed while not making it more attractive compared to employment. Our findings suggest that rail infrastructure improvements can support local entrepreneurship and economic activity, contributing to regional development and reducing economic inequality. |
| Keywords: | entrepreneurship; rail; self-employment |
| JEL: | L20 O18 R11 |
| Date: | 2024–08–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:124680 |
| By: | King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center) |
| Abstract: | The signing and subsequent ratification of the 2015 Paris Agreement, followed by the consequent net-zero emission target pledges of individual countries, have galvanized the global focus on decarbonization activities. The transport sector contributes almost a quarter of all energy-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally, thus ensuring that decarbonizing transportation is an increasingly critical factor leading to the achievement of overall emissions reduction. |
| Keywords: | Carbon, carbon capture and storage, Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), Carbon Neutrality |
| Date: | 2024–01–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:prc:wbrief:ks--2023-wb05 |
| By: | Xun Xu; Tianduo Peng; Zhandong Xu; Mi Gan; Dandan Li; Xiaobo Liu (King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center) |
| Abstract: | The containment of road freight transport emission growth is a significant challenge to climate change mitigation, as the road freight sector has been one of the fastest growing sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and is considered particularly difficult to decarbonize (ITF 2021). Globally, this sector accounts for approximately one-fifth of the world’s oil demand and more than one-third of transport-related CO2 emissions (IEA 2017). The International Transport Forum (ITF) estimates that world freight transport demand (across all modes) will grow more than twofold in the next thirty years (ITF 2021), presenting a significant challenge to the UN’s climate change mitigation agenda. This challenge is exacerbated as low- and middle-income developing countries, often relying on road freight as a key pillar of domestic economic growth, are expected to account for most future surface freight activity growth (ITF 2021; SLOCAT 2021a); however, these countries are ill prepared to confront the mounting climate change mitigation pressure (Timperley 2021; UN Environment Program 2022; Wolf 2022). |
| Keywords: | Energy efficiency, Freight transport activity, Frieght Big data, Uberization of freight |
| Date: | 2024–01–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:prc:dpaper:ks--2023-dp27 |