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on Transport Economics |
| By: | Vital, Filipe; Ioannou, Petros |
| Abstract: | Due to hours-of-service (HOS) regulations, commercial drivers are required to stop and rest regularly, thus reducing fatigue-related crashes. Nevertheless, if the parking infrastructure cannot cope with the demand generated by these required stops, new issues arise. In particular, this is the case for long-haul trucking, which is the focus of this work. Drivers often have difficulty finding appropriate parking, leading to illegal parking, safety risks, and increased pollution and costs. In this project, the researchers consider the issue of coordinating the parking decisions of a large number of long-haul trucks. More specifically, how to model the behavior of a region’s driver population and how it could be influenced. Understanding how truck parking demand is affected by the interaction of individual drivers’ selfish planning behaviors (in the sense that they minimize their own costs, not the overall system cost) and how parking prices affect optimal schedules are important steps in developing a system able to balance demand. The study presents a formulation that uses a modified TDSP (Truck Driver Scheduling Problem) mixed-integer programming model which tracks parking usage by dividing time into time-slots and charging drivers per time slot used. Results show that if truck drivers are following optimal schedules, then parking prices would be effective in changing which locations and time slots would be chosen by each driver. However, price adjustments can cause demand to shift in unexpected and not always beneficial ways, likely due to HOS regulations and client constraints limiting the possible alternative schedules. Therefore, further study is required to better understand the system’s properties and how to avoid or dampen these oscillations. Furthermore, due to HOS rules and client constraints, it might be impossible to divert demand from specific time slots and locations sufficiently. Nevertheless, this model could still aid in identifying these spots and contribute to the evaluation of infrastructure investment needs. View the NCST Project Webpage |
| Keywords: | Engineering, Parking demand estimation, truck driver scheduling problem, hours of service regulation, demand balancing |
| Date: | 2022–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt3zv2s5jr&r= |
| By: | Nicole Loumeau (ETH Zurich, Switzerland) |
| Abstract: | This paper quantifies the causal effect of capital status on road network integration of U.S.micro/metropolitan statistical areas. Road network integration is defined using a class of measurements that evaluate how well a location is connected to all other locations through the National Highway System (NHS).To tackle the non-random placement of capital cities, I instrument capital status using a k-means clustering algorithm that predicts the boundaries of 48 U.S. states and defines the geographical center as a hypothetical capital location. Overall, I find significant and robust evidence that capital cities are more directly integrated in the NHS than non-capital cities of similar characteristics. I discuss two possible mechanisms behind the capital premium: (i) the favorable geographical position of capital cities within their state and (ii) a political interest in connecting capital cities well to major urban areas around. |
| Keywords: | capital cities, transport infrastructure, market access, clustering algorithm |
| JEL: | O18 R42 R42 R58 C26 |
| Date: | 2021–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kof:wpskof:21-498&r= |
| By: | David Guerrero (AME-SPLOTT - Systèmes Productifs, Logistique, Organisation des Transports et Travail - Université Gustave Eiffel); Jean Paul Hubert (AME-DEST - Dynamiques Economiques et Sociales des Transports - Université Gustave Eiffel); Martin Koning (AME-SPLOTT - Systèmes Productifs, Logistique, Organisation des Transports et Travail - Université Gustave Eiffel); Nicolas Roelandt (AME - Département Aménagement, Mobilités et Environnement - Université Gustave Eiffel) |
| Abstract: | This article analyses the relationship between the location of warehouses, the spatial scope of their activities and some of their operational characteristics. It uses the results of a French national survey providing detailed characteristics for 1,974 warehouses of more than 5,000 square metres. A typology of four spatial categories is built based on a population potential with different values of friction (?). Applying logistic regression, the four categories are related to survey data describing the spatial scope of the activities of warehouses, controlling for variations in other characteristics such as seasonality and vehicle movements. The results show a significant relationship between the location of warehouses and their spatial scope. As expected, warehouses with local origins are more frequent outside the core (inner Paris) and metropolitan location categories (outer Paris and other large urban areas). The findings suggest there may be significant differences in the spatial scope of warehouse activity even within the same urban area. |
| Keywords: | WAREHOUSE LOCATION,SPATIAL SCOPE,FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION,POPULATION POTENTIAL |
| Date: | 2022–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03551270&r= |
| By: | Thanh Nguyen, Phong; Anh Nguyen, Thu; Huynh Tat Tran, Thang |
| Abstract: | This paper identifies potential barrier factors affecting effectiveness and development (ED) of ITS projects as well as criteria for measuring ED of ITS projects in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The study discovers the barrier constructs, and analyzes data using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling method (PLS-SEM). The results provides a general and comprehensive overview of the main issues of ITS, and identifies 28 barrier factors with five main constructs affecting ED of ITS projects, namely the lack of undivided attention from the government (AG), financial constraints for ITS (FC), inadequate transport infrastructure (ITI), the over-development of urbanization (ODU), and the readiness and integration for ITS (RI). This paper fill the knowledge gap by discovering the causal relationships between barrier constructs and ED of ITS projects in Vietnam. Also it proposes several solutions for these issues, which are also a useful measurement tool for government agencies, planners, and traffic system designers to help them self-assess and make action plans now or in the near future. |
| Keywords: | Barrier Factors, PLS-SEM, Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), Smart City, Vietnam |
| JEL: | O18 O22 R4 R48 |
| Date: | 2021–11–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:112006&r= |
| By: | Singh, Suraj Shirodkar; Javanmard, Reyhane; Lee, Jinhyung; Kim, Junghwan; Diab, Ehab |
| Abstract: | Recently, in Winnipeg, the implementation of new bus rapid transit (BRT) system in the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic has raised many concerns, challenging the rationale behind the untimely release. However, the new BRT service can benefit low-income, socio-economically vulnerable, and transit captive passengers who must travel to essential services and work opportunities during the pandemic. This study evaluates whether the new BRT system has positive impacts on accessibility to such essential services during the pandemic. Isochrones with different time budgets as well as times of a day are generated based on high-resolution public transit network via the General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) data and used for evaluating accessibility benefits before and after the BRT construction. The new BRT service in Winnipeg demonstrates varying accessibility impacts across different parts of the BRT corridor. Areas near dedicated lane-section show a significant increase, whereas areas near non-dedicated lane sections show a decrease in accessibility. Nevertheless, across the whole BRT corridor, the new BRT service presents an overall increase in accessibility to essential services. This demonstrates the positive accessibility benefits of the new BRT service to residents seeking essential services during the COVID-19 pandemic. A decrease in accessibility along some parts suggests the necessity of using local transit improvement strategies (e.g., dedicated lanes) to improve service speed when planning BRT services within urban areas. |
| Date: | 2021–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:anjd7&r= |
| By: | Andreas Marcus Gohs (University of Kassel) |
| Abstract: | In this research paper accuracies (percentage errors, MAPE) of different procedures (growth, ARIMA(X), exponential smoothing and deterministic trend models) in forecasting new passenger car registrations in Germany are presented. It is found that the Logistic Growth Model provides rather accurate predictions of the number of new registrations (total number, which still refers to predominantly conventional gasoline and diesel vehicles) for the forecast period of the study. However, the Bass diffusion model is recommended for predicting the new registration numbers of the innovative battery-electric technology. Furthermore, it is exemplarified that the Bass coefficient of imitation q, in contrast to the coefficient of innovation p, is robust to a variation of the assumed market potential M. Therefore, q should also contribute to a stable short-term forecast (given a variation of M), provided that a period in the early phase of the product life cycle is considered. The study also shows that with the bulk of the procedures, percentage forecast errors are obtained which lie in a narrow margin for the established product passenger car, but not for the innovative battery-electric propulsion technology. So while the careful selection of the forecasting model seems rather negligible for the established product, it is essential for the innovative product. In addition, new registration figures in the German federal states were forecasted, which in turn were used to calculate pooled forecasts for Germany. In general, no increase in forecast accuracy was achieved by means of pooling compared with direct forecasting (i.e. from the national time series). |
| Keywords: | Growth Curves, Bass Diffusion Model, Pooled Forecasting, Model Uncertainty, Electric Vehicles |
| JEL: | C22 C53 O33 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mar:magkse:202209&r= |
| By: | Sonia Oreffice; Dario Sansone |
| Abstract: | We analyze work commute time by sexual orientation of partnered or married individuals, using the American Community Survey 2008-2019. Women in same-sex couples have a longer commute to work than working women in different-sex couples, whereas the commute to work of men in same-sex couples is shorter than the one of working men in different-sex couples, also after controlling for demographic characteristics, partner characteristics, location, fertility, and marital status. These differences are particularly stark among married couples with children: on average, about 3 minutes more one-way to work for married mothers in same-sex couples, and almost 2 minutes less for married fathers in same-sex couples, than their corresponding working parents in different-sex couples. These gaps among men and women amount to 50 percent, and 100 percent, respectively, of the gender commuting gap estimated in the literature. Within-couple gaps in commuting time are also significantly smaller in same-sex couples. We interpret these differences as evidence that it is gender-conforming social norms boosted by parenthood that lead women in different-sex couples to specialize into jobs with a shorter commute while their male partners or spouses hold jobs with a longer commute. |
| Date: | 2022–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2202.10344&r= |