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on Transport Economics |
| By: | ITF |
| Abstract: | The port of Jakarta is the incontestable gateway to Indonesia. As an archipelago state, Indonesia has much to gain from improving its maritime connectivity and attracting more direct liner services. These services rely on ever larger ships. What is needed to attract them, and how could Jakarta best handle them? This report brings more clarity to these issues by assessing the impacts of very large container ships for Jakarta. It analyses current policies and offers recommendations on how Indonesia’s largest port could effectively prepare for the arrival of ships. This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions. The port of Jakarta is the incontestable gateway to Indonesia. As an archipelago state, Indonesia has much to gain from improving its maritime connectivity and attracting more direct liner services. These services rely on ever larger ships. What is needed to attract them, and how could Jakarta best handle them? This report brings more clarity to these issues by assessing the impacts of very large container ships for Jakarta. It analyses current policies and offers recommendations on how Indonesia’s largest port could effectively prepare for the arrival of ships. This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions. |
| Date: | 2017–12–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:itfaac:42-en&r=tre |
| By: | Brian J. Asquith; Sanjana Goswami; David Neumark; Antonio Rodriguez-Lopez |
| Abstract: | International trade exposure affects job creation and destruction along the intensive margin (job flows due to expansions and contractions of firms' employment) as well as along the extensive margin (job flows due to births and deaths of firms). This paper uses 1992-2011 employment data from the {universe} of U.S. establishments to construct job flows at both the industry and commuting-zone levels, and then estimates the impact of the `China shock' on each job-flow type. The China shock is accounted for by either the increase in Chinese import penetration in the U.S., or by the U.S. policy change that granted Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) status to China. We find that the China shock affects U.S. employment mainly through deaths of establishments. At the commuting-zone level, we find evidence of large job reallocation from the Chinese-competition exposed sector to the nonexposed sector, and establish that the gross employment effects of the China shock are fundamentally different from those of a more general adverse shock affecting the U.S. demand for domestic labor. |
| JEL: | F14 F16 J2 J65 |
| Date: | 2017–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:24080&r=tre |
| By: | Ho, Teck Hua; Png, Ivan P. L.; Reza, Sadat |
| Abstract: | We develop a behavioral model of durable good usage with mental accounting for sunk costs. It predicts higher-than-rational usage that attenuates at a rate that increases with sunk costs. Singapore government policy varied the sunk cost of buying a new car. Using Singapore data, we estimate the elasticity of driving with respect to sunk costs to be 0.048, which implies that government policy between 2009 and 2013 was associated with 86 kilometers per month, or 5.6%, more driving. The results are robust to specifying sunk costs as relative to buyer income and estimation with Hong Kong data. We believe this to be the first field evidence of the sunk cost fallacy in usage of a major durable good. |
| Keywords: | sunk costs, mental accounting, behavioral economics, durable goods, consumer choice |
| JEL: | D4 |
| Date: | 2017–03–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:82139&r=tre |
| By: | Souleymane Mbaye; Mathieu Bunel; Yannick L'Horty; Pascale Petit; Loïc du Parquet |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tep:tepprr:rr17-07&r=tre |
| By: | Andersson, Matts (WSP); Berell, Håkan (WSP); Ericson, Johan (WSP); Ernald Borges, Klas (Division of Real Estate Science, Lund University); Hansson, Åsa (Division of Real Estate Science, Lund University); Sjöstrand, Malin (Division of Real Estate Science, Lund University) |
| Abstract: | N/A |
| Keywords: | N/A |
| JEL: | R41 R42 R48 |
| Date: | 2017–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:lureal:2017_002&r=tre |
| By: | Andersson, Matts (WSP); Brundell-Freij, Karin (WSP); Ericson, Johan (WSP); Jonsson, Lina (WSP); Jörgensen, Peter (WSP); Almström, Peter (WSP); Vuorenmaa Berdica, Katja (WSP); Bengtsson, Ingemar (Division of Real Estate Science, Lund University); Ernald Borges, Klas (Division of Real Estate Science, Lund University); Hansson, Åsa (Division of Real Estate Science, Lund University); Kopsch, Fredrik (Division of Real Estate Science, Lund University); Sjöstrand, Malin (Division of Real Estate Science, Lund University) |
| Abstract: | N/A |
| Keywords: | N/A |
| JEL: | R41 R42 R48 |
| Date: | 2017–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:lureal:2017_001&r=tre |
| By: | Ann Wolverton; Ann E. Ferris; Nathalie B. Simon |
| Abstract: | The extent to which ex-ante estimates of the costs of regulation differ from ex-post estimates is an empirical question of considerable interest to policymakers, regulated entities, and the public. This paper examines evidence on the actual costs of compliance with the 2004 Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Surface Coating NESHAP and then compares these estimates to the EPA’s ex-ante cost estimates to identify key drivers of any differences. This regulation is particularly interesting from a cost perspective because at the time of promulgation the EPA considered it to be economically significant (and it was therefore accompanied by an extensive cost analysis), under stood who was likely to be regulated under the NESHAP, and had identified several available technologies that could be used to reduce HAP emissions. Data on ex-post costs are gathered from a subset of the industry via survey and follow-up interview. We find that the EPA overestimated the cost of compliance for these plants and that overestimation was driven primarily by use of estimation methods that did not account for regulatory flexibilities such as the ability to utilize any effective HAPs control method. Thus, we find that differences between ex ante and ex post cost estimates for our sample of facilities are primarily driven by differences in the method of compliance rather than differences in the per-unit cost associated with a given compliance approach. In particular, the EPA expected facilities to install pollution abatement control technologies in their paint shops to reduce emissions of hazardous air pollutants, but instead these plants complied by reformulating their coatings. |
| Keywords: | retrospective cost analysis, air regulation, benefit-cost analysis, transportation |
| JEL: | Q52 Q53 Q55 Q58 |
| Date: | 2017–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nev:wpaper:wp201707&r=tre |
| By: | Andersson, Matts (WSP); Brundell-Freij, Karin (WSP); Jonsson, Lina (WSP); Vuorenmaa Berdica, Katja (WSP) |
| Abstract: | N/A |
| Keywords: | N/A |
| JEL: | H41 R42 |
| Date: | 2017–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:lureal:2017_005&r=tre |