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on Transport Economics |
| By: | Joep van Montfort (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam); Vincent A.C. van den Berg (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute, The Netherlands) |
| Abstract: | We examine the relationship between the total size of an airline and its service quality by analysing over 4.8 million domestic flights within the USA in 2016. The total size of an airline is measured by its total market share, total amount of assets or total number of full-time equivalent employees. Delays are a widely used proxy for service quality and the most common category of airline customer complaints. Numerous regressions have been estimated using arrival delay time and whether a flight arrives on time as dependent variables. The regressors of main interest were the total airline size and the degree of competition on the route and airport. We control for weather, congestion, date, and characteristics of the airport, flight and airplane. The results suggest that the larger the total size of an airline, the smaller its average delay time and delay occurrence. Hence, larger airlines seem to offer a higher quality in terms of delays. We also find that an origin airport with less competition may lead to more delays. Surprisingly, a less competitive route may reduce delays. |
| Keywords: | quality; airlines; travel time; delays; airline size |
| JEL: | D22 L13 L93 R40 |
| Date: | 2017–10–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tin:wpaper:20170099&r=tre |
| By: | Roesel, Felix |
| Abstract: | Left-hand drive (LHD) vehicles share higher road accident risks under left-hand traffic because of blind spot areas. Due to low import prices, the number of wrong-hand drive vehicles skyrockets in emerging countries like Georgia, Kyrgyzstan and Russia. I identify the causal effect of wrong-hand drive vehicles on road safety employing a new \backward version" of the synthetic control method. Sweden switched from left-hand to right-hand traffcin 1967. Before 1967, however, almost all Swedish vehicles were LHD for reasons of international trade and Swedish customer demand. I match on accident figures in the period after 1967, when both Sweden and other European countries drove on the right and used LHD vehicles. Results show that right-hand traffic decreased road fatality, injury and accident risk in Sweden by a proximately 30 percent. An earlier switch would have saved more than 4,000 lives between 1953 and 1966. |
| Keywords: | road accidents,Sweden,natural experiment,synthetic control method |
| JEL: | R41 K32 C53 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:tudcep:1517&r=tre |
| By: | Osmin, Muhamad Shaharudin; Md. Diah, Jezan; Mohd. Sharif, Sariwati |
| Abstract: | Road accidents involving heavy commercial passenger vehicle (HCPV) in Malaysia have always been in the spotlight and various efforts have been taken with much attention given on operational issues. At present, the weight and dimensions of HCPV in Malaysia generally regulated under prescriptive standards regulations which do not provide clear safety outcomes and often limits the flexibility about how to achieve it. This paper provides an overview of opportunities and challenges of implementing Performance Based Standards (PBS) regulation for HCPV vehicle in Malaysia based on the Australian PBS regulation implementation for heavy vehicle. It was found that Tail Swing, Braking Efficiency and Maximum Stable Inclination Angle under the existing regulation have or partly met the PBS approach. The opportunities for implementing PBS regulation were explained in terms of the possibility adopting PBS approaches in the existing regulation and second, the institutional readiness to develop and implement it. However, challenges were expected, for example increase in cost of vehicle’s assessment. Implementing PBS regulation for HCPV in Malaysia will provide various benefits such as increase productivity, efficiency and most importantly safety. |
| Keywords: | High capacity passenger vehicle, prescriptive standard regulations, performance based standards regulation, opportunities, challenges |
| JEL: | K23 R48 |
| Date: | 2017–09–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:82005&r=tre |
| By: | Paul, J.; Agatz, N.A.H.; Spliet, R.; de Koster, M.B.M. |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we study a setting in which a carrier can satisfy customer delivery requests directly or outsource them to another carrier. A request can be outsourced to a carrier that is already scheduled to visit the corresponding customer, if capacity allows. For the customers that receive their deliveries directly, we make a vehicle routing schedule that minimizes transportation costs, while for the outsourced customers we incur additional transfer costs between the carriers. This study is motivated by a collaboration with an omni-channel grocery retailer for which goods that are ordered online can be picked up from the stores. The goal is to save costs by consolidating the supply of pick-up points with the store inventory replenishment. To solve this problem, we present exact and heuristic approaches. Computational experiments on both the real-world grocery retail case and artificial instances show that substantial savings can be achieved. |
| Keywords: | Consolidation, Omni-channel retailing, Vehicle routing problem, Local Search |
| Date: | 2017–10–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ems:eureri:102352&r=tre |
| By: | Harker, Patrick T. (Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia) |
| Abstract: | Addressing the Equitable Transit Summit in Scranton, PA, on October 17, Philadelphia Fed President Patrick Harker discussed how access to transportation is a building block for economic well-being. |
| Keywords: | transportation |
| Date: | 2017–10–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedpsp:143&r=tre |
| By: | Jan K. Brueckner; Sofia F. Franco |
| Abstract: | This paper constructs a theoretical model that facilitates analysis of the effects of employer-paid parking on mode choice, road investment and suburbanization. The model simplifies urban space by dividing it into two zones (islands), center and suburbs, which are connected by a congested road and a public-transit line. Each road commuter requires an allotment of CBD land for parking, and because the central zone’s area is fixed, parking land reduces the amount available for central residences and CBD production. The model characterizes optimal resource allocation from the perspective of a social planner. The planning solution can be decentralized, which requires employee- rather than employer-paid parking, congestion tolls, and a tax (subsidy) to offset the road capacity deficit (surplus). The analysis then considers the effect of switching to employer-paid parking, with the burden of parking costs shifting from road users to employers, thus reducing the wage for all workers. This switch inefficiently increases road usage and capacity investment, while spurring an inefficient increase in suburbanization. |
| Keywords: | employer-paid parking, mode choice, suburbanization |
| JEL: | R40 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_6298&r=tre |