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on Transport Economics |
| By: | Arnott, Richard |
| Keywords: | Architecture, Arts and Humanities, Engineering |
| Date: | 2015–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:uctcwp:qt24h06883&r=tre |
| By: | Stephen P. Holland; Erin T. Mansur; Nicholas Z. Muller; Andrew J. Yates |
| Abstract: | Electric vehicles offer the promise of reduced environmental externalities relative to their gasoline counterparts. We combine a theoretical discrete-choice model of new vehicle purchases, an econometric analysis of the marginal emissions from electricity, and the AP2 air pollution model to estimate the environmental benefit of electric vehicles. First, we find considerable variation in the environmental benefit, implying a range of second-best electric vehicle purchase subsidies from $3025 in California to -$4773 in North Dakota, with a mean of -$742. Second, over ninety percent of local environmental externalities from driving an electric vehicle in one state are exported to others, implying that electric vehicles may be subsidized locally, even though they may lead to negative environmental benefits overall. Third, geographically differentiated subsidies can reduce deadweight loss, but only modestly. Fourth, the current federal purchase subsidy of $7500 has greater deadweight loss than a no-subsidy policy. |
| JEL: | D62 H23 Q53 Q54 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:21291&r=tre |
| By: | Meuffels, W.J.M. (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management) |
| Abstract: | Express service providers move packages (i.e. parcels, documents, or pieces of freight) from senders to receivers under various but guaranteed service level agreements. These service level agreements specify date and time of collection at the sender, and receiving at the customer. Research in this dissertation is dedicated to the design of so-called express line-haul transports from the first consolidation point, the origin depot, to the last consolidation point, the destination depot. The line-haul transport is commonly organized either via road or via air. Hub locations are used to sort packages of incoming line-hauls, and to consolidate and load these packages on the outgoing line-hauls. The strategic network design problem is concerned with decisions on these hub locations in the network: how many hubs are needed and where should these be located, and which line-hauls are unloaded and loaded at each hub location? The tactical planning level at express service providers contains decisions on package routings from origin to destination and asset usages. This dissertation focusses on the design of the strategic and tactical line-haul network for road transport in Part I of this dissertation and deals with similar topics for air transport in Part II of this dissertation. In the concluding chapters we present a general review of strategic and tactical network design for express service providers and point to directions for future research. <br/> |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tiu:tiutis:d3266cb8-bc55-41be-adc7-44cab881c41f&r=tre |
| By: | Mendoza Alcantara,Alejandra; Fernandes,Ana Margarida; Hillberry,Russell Henry |
| Abstract: | Freight forwarders play a key role in moving goods across international borders. They arrange transport, oversee customs clearance on behalf of their clients, and more generally troubleshoot issues that arise while goods are in transit. This paper reports the results from a survey of 153 freight forwarding firms in Serbia. Respondents report on firm characteristics, operational choices, and conditions at the border posts and terminals where imported goods are cleared for release. One key purpose of the study is to investigate operational trade-offs between time and cost that arise when import shipments are in transit. In three of four hypotheticals, respondents suggest that money savings dominate time savings. Responses regarding real operational decisions such as route choices reinforce this finding. Respondents also reported penalty rates for late delivery of import shipments as well as the value of a typical import shipment. From these responses, it is estimated that the contracted value of one additional (unexpected) day of delivery time in Serbia appears to be approximately 1 percent of the value of the underlying shipment. |
| Keywords: | Transport Economics Policy&Planning,Transport Security,Transport and Trade Logistics,Trade Law,Common Carriers Industry |
| Date: | 2015–06–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:7311&r=tre |
| By: | Teuber, Mark-Oliver; Wedemeier, Jan; Wilke, Christina Benita; Yadegar, Edesa |
| Abstract: | Die Kammerunion Elbe/Oder ist ein grenzüberschreitender Zusammenschluss aus Wirtschaftskammern und Verbänden zur Stärkung der ökonomischen Leistungsfähigkeit der beteiligten Regionen. In dieser Union kooperieren 17 deutsche, 7 polnische und 10 tschechische Industrie- und Handelskammern sowie Handwerkskammern. Das Ziel der Initiative ist die gemeinsame Interessenvertretung der Unternehmen der Region auf nationaler und europäischer Ebene. Hierbei geht es insbesondere um die Weiterentwicklung der Verkehrsinfrastruktur im KEO-Raum. Durch eine weitreichende Verbesserung der Straßen- und Schienennetze sowie der Wasserstraßen sollen die Transport- und Transaktionskosten reduziert und hierdurch die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung sowie die grenzüberschreitende Vernetzung der Region vorangetrieben werden. |
| Abstract: | The Chamber Union Elbe/Oder (KEO) is a transnational federation including several chambers of commerce and associations with the aim to strengthen the economic performance of participating regions. 17 German, 7 Polish and 10 Czech chambers of industry and commerce as well as chambers of crafts are cooperating within this union. The initiative's goal is to represent the common interests of companies on the national and European level. The development of transport infrastructure in the KEO-region is thereby in the focus. Transportation and transaction costs shall be reduced by means of a far reaching improvement of the waterways and the road- and rail network to expedite the economic progress and the transboundary networking of the region. |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:hwwipr:20&r=tre |
| By: | Nasser Al Dossary (Saudi Aramco); Carol A. Dahl (Division of Econmics and Business, Colorado School of Mines) |
| Abstract: | The popular perception among the lay community seems to be that gasoline consumption does not respond to price. However, numerous econometric studies have been done on gasoline demand elasticities and at least thirteen studies have been devoted to surveying this work. (See Dahl (2006).) All of these surveys conclude that gasoline consumption does respond to price, and most of them come to a quantitative conclusion about the values for the price elasticity. The majority conclude that the short-run price elasticity (annual) is between -0.2 and -0.3, and the long-run elasticity is between -0.6 and -0.9. However, over time gasoline expenditures have become a smaller percent of consumer budgets and vehicles have become more durable. These changes might have implications for both short- and long-run responsiveness to price. We have found five recent econometric studies for transport fuel demand on three countries that have data beyond 2000. Of these recent studies only Hughes et al. (2006) tested whether recent price and income elasticities are statistically similar to an earlier period for the U.S. They used monthly data and found a smaller price response recently compared to the 1970s. We build upon Hughes et al. and other studies by examining whether gasoline demand elasticities are stable using an Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL) for the U.S., 13 other OECD countries, and 9 other non-OECD countries representing the majority of current and potential future key consumers. Our results support those of Hughes et al. and find the U.S. price responsiveness is lower now than in the 1970's. Surprisingly, however, we find that price elasticities have been stable for the majority of other countries in our investigation. We also find gasoline tends to have inelastic short- and long-run price elasticities that are smaller in absolute value than income elasticities for most countries. |
| Keywords: | Gasoline Demand, ARD, General to Specific, Elasticities |
| JEL: | C13 Q41 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mns:wpaper:wp200901&r=tre |
| By: | Montag, Josef |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the presence of odometer fraud in the used-car market in the Czech Republic using a unique dataset of 250,000 car-sale ads. Alternative identification techniques are also discussed. However, selection into the market as well as the practice of rounding odometer readings---possibly strategic yet innocent---render the standard statistical tests unusable. A modification of the last-digit test, which was previously used to detect fraud in election and accounting data, is therefore developed and employed. The results suggest that suspicious patterns are more prevalent in the segment of cars imported from abroad. I also show that this methodology can be used at the firm-level, which may be of interest to authorities and market participants. |
| Keywords: | Used car market, odometer fraud, digit tests. |
| JEL: | K42 R40 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:65182&r=tre |
| By: | NONGNUCH BOONKLUM (Naresuan University) |
| Abstract: | The High-Speed Rail (the “HSR”) Project is a development scheme initiated by the Thai government where the main purpose is to respond to and to accommodate the expansion of the city, the population growth, the domestic and international economics, and to reduce transportation costs. This research aims to analyze and evaluate the likelihood of the economic impact from developing a high speed intercity railway, using “Phitsanulok Province”, which is a mid-sized city, as a case study.The objective of this study is to analyze the surrounding conditions and potentials and to render the SWOT Analysis and impacts of being an HSR station, and to provide recommendation in relation to business opportunities, adjustment and development to business entrepreneurs in Phitsanulok Province.The methodology of this research framework in this project uses a combined method, namely, 1) documentary study, deriving from the compilation of primary information from researches of other countries which have HSR, 2) the survey research of the desire for HSR, and 3) an in-depth interview.The results received from this study found the following:1. This study aims to analyze and consider the pros and cons of implementing an HSR in the province and to look into the likely economic and financial consequences of such a development. The SWOT Analysis (Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities and Threats)2.The impact and potential effects which may occur to the business entrepreneurs can be divided into four groups:a) Those that may benefit,b) Those that may face some risks, c) Those that may need to adjust their core businessd) New Businesses in relation to various services |
| Keywords: | High-Speed Rail, SWOT, Business Entrepreneur, Impact |
| JEL: | R11 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:ibmpro:2303661&r=tre |