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on Transport Economics |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Urban Transport Urban Development - Transport in Urban Areas Roads and Highways Transport Economics Policy and Planning Transport and Environment Transport |
| Date: | 2013–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:18735&r=tre |
| By: | Frédéric Dobruszkes |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ulb:ulbeco:2013/174043&r=tre |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Urban Transport Urban Development - Transport in Urban Areas Roads and Highways Transport Economics Policy and Planning Banks and Banking Reform Finance and Financial Sector Development Transport |
| Date: | 2014–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:18734&r=tre |
| By: | Ke Fang |
| Keywords: | Urban Transport Urban Development - Transport in Urban Areas Housing and Human Habitats Roads and Highways Transport Economics Policy and Planning Communities and Human Settlements Transport |
| Date: | 2013–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:16699&r=tre |
| By: | Christophe Goethals |
| Abstract: | Since 1989 and the regionalization of public transports in Belgium, the Société des transports intercommunaux de Bruxelles (STIB), i.e. the public operator of urban transport in Brussels, has undergone many changes, both structural and organizational. Meanwhile, the company has managed to improve its financial health in accordance with the objectives set by the regulatory transport authority, the Region of Brussels-Capital. The analysis of the system of actors shows that, in a principal-agent relationship characterized by high information asymmetry, the convergence of interests between the supervisory authority and the public company is neither natural nor automatic: it is built. This construction takes place at several levels and materializes incrementally, particularly through the management contract. In this regulatory system, the process organizing the dialogue between the company and the authority produces the desired beneficial effects, more than the legal value of the contract does. The interdependence between the actions of the Region and those of the STIB implies practices that can be described as a partnership. Finally, the analysis shows that the contractualization is not inconsistent with an evolution of the roles of each actor. |
| Keywords: | agency theory; asymmetric information; public enterprise; public policies; urban transport; regulatory reform; governance; system of actors; performance measurement |
| JEL: | D82 G38 L32 D20 P11 |
| Date: | 2014–08–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sol:wpaper:2013/174732&r=tre |
| By: | Kent M. Hymel (Department of Economics, California State University at Northridge); Kenneth Small (Department of Economics, University of California-Irvine) |
| Abstract: | Previous research suggests that the elasticity of light-duty motor vehicle travel with respect to fuel cost, known as the “rebound effect,†is modest in size and probably declined in magnitude between the 1960s and the late 1990s. However, turmoil in energy markets during the early 2000s has raised new questions about the stability of this elasticity. Using panel data on U.S. states, we revisit the simultaneous-equations methodology of Small and Van Dender (2007) and Hymel et al. (2010) to see whether structural parameters have changed. Using data through 2009, we confirm the earlier finding of a rebound effect that declines in magnitude with income, but we also find an upward shift in its magnitude of about 0.025 during the years 2003-2009. In addition, we find that the rebound effect is much greater in magnitude in years when gasoline prices are rising than when they are falling. It is also greater during times of media attention and price volatility, which explains about half the upward shift just mentioned. |
| Keywords: | Rebound effect; VMT elasticity; Gasoline demand; Asymmetric response |
| JEL: | Q41 R41 L91 |
| Date: | 2014–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:irv:wpaper:141503&r=tre |
| By: | Congressional Budget Office |
| Abstract: | Spending from the Highway Trust Fund exceeds its revenues. What options do lawmakers have to address the fund's imbalance? How does the unique classification of surface transportation programs in the federal budget limit the effectiveness of standard spending controls? |
| JEL: | R40 R48 H61 |
| Date: | 2014–06–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cbo:report:45416&r=tre |
| By: | Pär Holmberg; Andy Philpott |
| Abstract: | Transport constraints limit competition and arbitrageurs' possibilities of exploiting price differences between commodities in neighbouring markets. We analyze a transportation network where oligopoly producers compete with supply functions under uncertain demand, as in wholesale electricity markets. For symmetric networks with a radial structure, we show that existence of symmetric supply function equilibria (SFE) is ensured if demand shocks are sufficiently evenly distributed. We can explicitly solve for them for uniform multi-dimensional nodal demand shocks. |
| Keywords: | Spatial competition, Multi-unit auction, Supply Function Equilibrium, Trading network, Transmission network, Wholesale electricity markets |
| JEL: | D43 D44 C72 L91 |
| Date: | 2014–08–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cam:camdae:1421&r=tre |
| By: | Brenton, Paul; Portugal-Perez, Alberto; Regolo, Julie |
| Abstract: | Market integration is key to ensuring sufficient and stable food supplies. This paper assesses the impediments to market integration in Central and Eastern Africa for three food staples: maize, rice, and sorghum. The paper uses a large database on monthly consumer prices for 150 towns in 13 African countries and detailed data on the length and quality of roads linking the towns. The analysis finds a substantial effect of distance and share of paved road on the level of market integration, as measured by relative prices. Furthermore, the paper evaluates the additional domestic and cross-border impediments to market integration in the region and represents them on a regional map. The analysis finds heterogeneous levels of domestic market integration across countries and significant"border effects"for the majority of contiguous countries in the sample, which reveal that markets are more integrated within than between countries. Countries that are members of the same regional trade agreement have substantially"thinner"borders with other members. Finally, the analysis shows that countries with less integrated domestic markets and"thicker"borders with their neighbors also have a higher prevalence of food insufficiency. These findings support policy efforts in tackling domestic and border impediments to transactions such as reforming customs, simplifying nontariff measures, addressing corruption, improving the quality of roads, and deepening regional trade agreements. |
| Keywords: | Markets and Market Access,Transport Economics Policy&Planning,Access to Markets,Food&Beverage Industry,Debt Markets |
| Date: | 2014–08–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:7003&r=tre |
| By: | Dewenter, Ralf; Heimeshoff, Ulrich |
| Abstract: | A wide range of media provide information on many products based on reviews or expert opinions. A natural question is, whether these reviews and expert opinions have any effect on sales. A small but growing literature in economics and marketing science deals with this issue, by testing the relevance of such product information for goods such as financial instruments, wine, books and movies. However, most of these products have in common that quality is very difficult to measure. It is always also a matter of taste whether these products can be seen as high or low quality goods. Based on a unique dataset, we test whether test scores published in a major German car magazine have significant impact on registrations of new cars in Germany. We find that test scores for certain cars have statistically significant impact on the number of new cars sold by several leading manufacturers on the German car market. -- |
| Keywords: | Car magazines,Test Scores,Demand |
| JEL: | L15 L82 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:dicedp:151&r=tre |