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on Transport Economics |
| By: | Gautrin, Jean-Francois (Asian Development Bank Institute) |
| Abstract: | Most of the trade between South Asia and Southeast Asia is by sea. However, with improved infrastructure and easier border crossing procedures, land traffic could grow to boost trade in goods, services, and tourism between the subregions. The purpose of the study is to analyze how to strengthen connectivity between the two subregions. Specifically, it is concerned with the role of cross-border transport infrastructure investments to improve connectivity. The author reviews all possible road and rail land corridors that would help create seamless transport connectivity. Missing gaps and corresponding transport infrastructure projects are identified, and projects are screened and prioritized. For the selected critical projects, the study recommends phased investments. |
| Keywords: | cross border infrastructure investments; South Asia and Southeast Asia; seamless infrastructure; road and rail land corridor |
| JEL: | F36 H41 H54 O22 |
| Date: | 2014–05–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbiwp:0483&r=tre |
| By: | Department of Budget and Management |
| Abstract: | This article compares the costs and benefits for the government of leasing vis-a-vis outright purchase of motor vehicles. It presents two methods through which public managers can estimate and assess the value of procuring motor vehicles either under lease payment or direct purchase. Using data from selected government agencies, the net present values generated suggest that outright purchase of low-end vehicles is preferable to leasing. For high-end models, leasing offers a more practical option. The findings, however, are far from conclusive because assumptions regarding the variables and input data are subject to change. Results can be significantly improved with better and more accurate statistics. To gain sufficient understanding of the issue, factors other than those covered by the study, i.e., economies of scale and entry of commercial banks, must also be explored. |
| Keywords: | government procurement, Philippines, zero-based budgeting, all-purpose vehicles, lease payment, motor vehicle acquisition, direct purchase |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:phd:dpaper:dp_2014-26&r=tre |
| By: | Camp, Bayliss J |
| Abstract: | For approximately a decade, researchers in industry, academia, and government have been working to extend the idea of “safety culture†to the field of traffic injury control. This involves, among other tasks, a substantial effort at translating theory and concepts from one field to another. It also involves educating stakeholders in a new vocabulary and (potentially) a new set of approaches to one of our society’s most stubborn public health problems. This presentation will introduce the audience to traffic safety culture, focusing on practical examples and potential applications. The current efforts of the state’s Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP) are described. |
| Keywords: | Engineering |
| Date: | 2014–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsrrp:qt9cr5x51v&r=tre |
| By: | Ng, Wei-Shiuen |
| Abstract: | Flexible work schedules could be a solution to the problems of increasing transportation demand, congestion, energy use, and carbon emissions. The higher the flexibility of work schedule, the less time employees would spend commuting to work. Hence, reducing trip frequency and total distance traveled. Flexible work schedules have been studied extensively in transportation studies, especially in areas of peak period congestion, road pricing, transit services peak and off-peak utilization, and flexibility of departure time for work. However, fewer studies have examined how the flexibility of work schedules could affect transportation mode and parking choices. This presentation will focus on the relationship amongst work schedule flexibility, mode choice and parking preferences at the University of California, Berkeley. campus. Understanding this complex relationship will enable a better evaluation of future transportation and parking policies. |
| Keywords: | Engineering |
| Date: | 2014–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsrrp:qt5sq8p19n&r=tre |
| By: | Campbell, Dave |
| Abstract: | As California works on new guidelines to address transportation projects and CEQA, cities will still need to address the issue aside from CEQA of what level of traffic delay is appropriate to study when designing new bikeways and making pedestrian improvements. If CEQA shifts to vehicle miles traveled or auto trips generated, bikeway projects will essentially be exempt. Yet more than an exemption will be needed to satisfy public concerns. Traffic engineers' responsibilities are changing from 'moving traffic' to designing complete streets, but the solutions are always a compromise, particularly in urban, built-out areas. Bike East Bay (formerly East Bay Bicycle Coalition) is proposing a switch to limiting traffic delay studies to an analysis of how to minimize potential delays on roadways with new proposed bikeways--i.e. no longer using an uncomfortable level of delay as an excuse to block implementation of safe bikeways. Cities in the East Bay such as Concord, Dublin, El Cerrito, Oakland and more are struggling with new regional policies to build walkable, bike able neighborhoods around transit and urban infill areas, while still respecting the reality of traffic congestion that is so familiar to Bay Area commuters. How closely should cities look at traffic delay moving forward? What exact questions should they ask? While eliminating all questions about traffic delay is a likely long-term solution, a phased approach or a modified approach may be needed in an effort to speed up bikeway implementation. |
| Keywords: | Engineering |
| Date: | 2014–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsrrp:qt1b93p328&r=tre |
| By: | Co, Sean |
| Abstract: | The epidemic of obesity and increased health care costs is a growing issue that is no longer confined to the public health field. Transportation agencies have begun to examine the impact of projects on public health. The Metropolitan Transportation Commission conducted a first of its kind benefit cost analysis of projects to be considered in the long range Regional Transportation Plan (RTP). This performance assessment of transportation investments was conducted to assess the impacts of projects on levels of transit and walking and biking. Bay Area residents that received increases in active transportation from specific transportation investments and resulted in meeting or exceeding the U.S. Surgeon General's recommendation of approximately 30 minutes daily had a health care savings compared to inactive residents. The benefits of active transportation range from $55 million for investments in bicycle infrastructure projects to $500,000 for transit projects where the increase in bike to transit contribute to reduced health care costs and lost productivity. |
| Keywords: | Engineering |
| Date: | 2014–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsrrp:qt3hc5v7mm&r=tre |
| By: | Braughton, Matt; Griffin, Ashleigh |
| Abstract: | The Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) identified bicycle and pedestrian crashes as a key safety focus area within Oregon’s Strategic Highway Safety Plan and sought to develop a plan to reduce frequency and severity of those crashes on all roadways throughout Oregon. Kittelson & Associates, Inc. (KAI) worked with ODOT to develop a Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Implementation Plan that identified systemic, low-cost countermeasures and prioritized locations for implementation of the countermeasures. Priority implementation locations were developed using two complementary systemic safety analysis methods: one targeted at locations with a history of fatal and severe crashes, and the other focused on locations with high risk of pedestrian and bicycle crashes. The risk-based systemic safety methodology, promoted by FHWA, was applied due to the low frequency of pedestrian and bicycle crashes. The Implementation Plan will inform the allocation of approximately $4 million in funding for pedestrian and bicycle projects on all roads throughout the state and presents a repeatable process that can be adopted and customized by other state agencies. |
| Keywords: | Engineering |
| Date: | 2014–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsrrp:qt6ct0f6gq&r=tre |
| By: | Etienne Fouqueray (CRIEF - Centre de Recherche sur l'Intégration Economique et Financière - Université de Poitiers) |
| Abstract: | Le financement des grandes infrastructures de transport françaises implique de plus en plus les collectivités territoriales. En contrepartie, ces dernières attendent des retombées économiques liées à leurs constructions. En nous appuyant sur le cas de la Ligne à Grande Vitesse Sud Europe Atlantique (LGV SEA) reliant Tours à Bordeaux, nous étudions la répartition régionale des montants de sous-traitance et de fourniture et proposons une grille d'analyse pour en expliquer les déterminants. Nous soulignons, dans un premier temps, l'importance des caractéristiques structurelles (taille économique, spécialisation sectorielle) des régions dans cette répartition. Dans un second temps, nous montrons que les coûts de transaction et la recherche de compétences spécifiques par le constructeur expliquent également la répartition régionale observée. Enfin, nous proposons de discuter les stratégies territoriales pouvant être initiées pour profiter de ces grands chantiers. |
| Keywords: | Infrastructure de transport, construction, impact, localisation, proximité, coûts de transaction |
| Date: | 2014–02–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00996960&r=tre |
| By: | Etienne Fouqueray (CRIEF - Centre de Recherche sur l'Intégration Economique et Financière - Université de Poitiers) |
| Abstract: | LISEA a mis en place un Observatoire socio-économique dont les principaux objectifs sont de participer à l'argumentaire national sur les effets constatés des Lignes à Grande Vitesse ferroviaires et d'exposer aux acteurs locaux les effets territoriaux, économiques et sociaux de la LGV SEA Tours-Bordeaux. Ses travaux s'organisent autour de six axes : 1. Effets " chantier ", 2. Offre de transport et mobilité, 3. Effets " gare LGV ", 4. Dynamiques métropolitaines et territoriales, 5. Tourisme et LGV, 6. Stratégies des acteurs et organisations. L'axe 1 interroge les effets sur l'économie de la construction de la ligne. Trois thématiques guident le travail de recherche : Entreprises et sous-traitance, Emploi et formation, Lieux de vie et lieux de consommation. La présente synthèse est issue du rapport du même nom produit dans le cadre de la thématique Entreprises et sous-traitance. Les résultats présentés ne traduisent donc pas les retombées économiques totales pour les territoires car ils ne prennent en compte ni l'activité de COSEA en dehors de la sous-traitance et de la fourniture (exemple : l'usine de Voussoirs de Coulombiers est une activité réalisée par COSEA), ni l'effet induit des dépenses i) des salariés du constructeur et de ses associés, ii) des salariés des sous‐traitants de rang 1 et de rang 2 et iii) des salariés des fournisseurs sur les entreprises de la sphère induite (hôtellerie, restauration, tourisme, etc.). |
| Keywords: | Infrastructure de transport, Construction, Impact économique, Répartition spatiale, Sous-traitance, Fourniture |
| Date: | 2013–10–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-00996943&r=tre |
| By: | Etienne Fouqueray (CRIEF - Centre de Recherche sur l'Intégration Economique et Financière - Université de Poitiers) |
| Abstract: | Les constructions des grandes infrastructures de transport sont souvent perçues comme un moyen de favoriser le développement économique des territoires traversés. Dans un contexte où la contribution des acteurs locaux au financement de ces nouvelles infrastructures représente un enjeu considérable, l'évaluation des retombées économiques locales des grands chantiers devient une nécessité technique et politique de plus en plus forte. Après avoir rappelé le cadre théorique de la croissance régionale, nous proposons dans cette communication une application d'un modèle d'impact économique appliqué au cas de la construction de la LGV SEA Tours-Bordeaux. A partir d'un modèle Input-Output hybride s'appuyant sur un travail d'enquête conséquent et sur des données nationales de l'INSEE, nous évaluons l'impact économique de cette construction sur une période de deux ans (2011-2013) pour l'ensemble des régions Aquitaine, Centre et Poitou-Charentes. Il apparaît qu'un euro dépensé localement dans la construction augmente de 1,96 euros la production dans ces régions. Au total, 11 430 emplois, 1,3 milliards d'euros de production et 625 millions de valeur ajoutée ont été générés. |
| Keywords: | Infrastructure de transport, Construction, Impact local, Modélisation, Base économique, Input-Output. |
| Date: | 2014–05–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-00996965&r=tre |