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on Transport Economics |
| By: | Jesus Gonzalez-Feliu (LET - Laboratoire d'économie des transports - CNRS : UMR5593 - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État [ENTPE] - Université Lumière - Lyon II) |
| Abstract: | This paper aims to unify concepts and to describe the multi-stage transport systems and their integratyion to supply chain management. Multi-stage distribution systems are common logistics management, and often they are assimilated to multi-stage transport strategies. However, transport is often considered as an external operation or a specific stage, even when it is a multi-stage system. First, the paper presents the main concepts of multi-stage transport systems by defining the concept an making a typology of transport schemes. Then, an optimization analysis using the concept of accessibility is proposed to show the advantages and limits of such strategies. Then, an interview-based analysis includes a conceptual framework for the integration of multi-stage transport on supply chain management and a simulation shows the impacts of multi-stage transport on supply chain global costs and quality indicators. |
| Keywords: | multi-stage freight transport; multi-echelon logistics; just-in-time; bundling; combinatorial optimization |
| Date: | 2013–01–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-00796714&r=tre |
| By: | Hultkrantz, Lars (Örebro University School of Business); Lunander, Anders (Örebro University School of Business) |
| Abstract: | The Green Corridor (GC) initiative, pursued by the Swedish government and the European Commission, is intended to be a platform for innovation for long-distance freight transport aiming for more green and efficient solutions by enhanced use of economies of scale and development of new technologies. However, scale has to be traded off by two other aspects (i) freight transport time and reliability; and (ii) economies of scope. In this paper we present an already existing rail corridor case that highlights the need for tools (and/or markets) for making more efficient tradeoffs between economies of scale and scope in long-distance freight transport. This involves making very complex coordination of shipments that are differentiated with respect to origins-destinations, shipment size, time, time reliability requirements, regularity of shipments and involving both ex ante transport planning and real-time control. A market-based method that in principle could be used to solve such complex coordination is combinatorial auctioning and we briefly review a number of Swedish public tendering cases where this is done in practice. However, this raises questions on whether a fragmented vertically separated European rail industry can mobilize the “soft” market infrastructure needed to support a Green Corridor. |
| Keywords: | Green Corridor; Sweden |
| JEL: | A10 |
| Date: | 2013–04–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:oruesi:2013_006&r=tre |
| By: | Oliver, Atara Stephanie |
| Abstract: | The increased availability and prevalence of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) provides opportunities to use such products as substitutes for transportation. Common examples of this substitution are telecommuting, video conferences, and online classes. However, despite the intuitive appeal of a substitution relationship existing between ICT and transportation, prior research has indicated that the relationship between ICT and transportation is quite complex; at times ICT substitutes for travel and at other times ICT and travel complement each other. Therefore, using a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) model and data from the US Consumer Expenditure Survey and the Consumer Price Index, I analyzed the effect of ICT expenditures on transportation demand. The analysis indicates that ICT may serve as a substitute for air travel, but primarily serves as a complement for private transportation. Overall the data supports a complementary relationship between ICT and transportation, which indicates that an increase in technology may increase rather than decrease the negative externalities associated with transportation. |
| Keywords: | Transportation, Consumer Expenditures, Information Technology |
| JEL: | D12 O33 R22 R41 |
| Date: | 2013–04–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:46548&r=tre |
| By: | Huang, KuangChiu; Pai, Shu-hsuan |
| Abstract: | Real-time transportation information (RTTI) brings convenience by immediate traffic information for drivers and minimizes uncertainty of waiting time for bus passengers. Information about heavy rains suddenly flood underground passages and traffic accidents cause road blocking can be accessed immediately through an application service via smartphones. Bus passengers can check bus waiting time from Internet before moving to bus stations by RTTI. With the development of information communication technology (ICT), benefits of real-time transportation information can be realized by an integration of location based service (LBS), smartphone, applications, 3G network and cloud computing service. In order to gain insight of RTTI service, we carry out this research with two steps. The first, the study collects existing transportation related applications from both Apple iOS platform and Google Android platform to analyze their features. Next, we analyze enabling ICT technologies to design a RTTI service model and the issue on energy saving and CO2 emission reduction. The outcome of this research can provide a clear model to assist transportation regulators, municipalities and application developers to evaluate benefits and costs of RTTI service. -- |
| Keywords: | real time transportation information,ICT,energy saving,CO2 emission |
| Date: | 2012 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itsb12:72485&r=tre |
| By: | André De Palma (ENS Cachan - Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan - École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan); Nathalie Picard (THEMA - Théorie économique, modélisation et applications - CNRS : UMR8184 - Université de Cergy Pontoise); Ignacio Inoa (THEMA - Théorie économique, modélisation et applications - CNRS : UMR8184 - Université de Cergy Pontoise) |
| Abstract: | There is still a long way to achieve the goal of providing a theoretical and empirical framework to model and apply economics of the family. Decision-making within the family has been neglected too long in transportation. Two special issues by Bhat and Pendyala, 2005 and by Timmermans and Junyi Zhang, 2009 provide the most notable exceptions. The objective of this paper is to set-up a flexible framework to discuss the development of integrated transportation models involving interacting and interdependent actors; updating previous reviews from the point of view of economics of the family . Transportation is very keen to have access to this type of models, since their applications are numerous. Let mention, for example, residential location choice, workplace choice, car ownership, choice of children's school, mode choice, departure time choice activity patterns and the like. The (non unitary) economics of the family models are totally different models, which do not merely extend existing discrete choice models. They introduce new concepts, which are specific to within family interactions: negotiation, altruism, or repeated interaction and Pareto optimality. This review is completed with the study of different types of accessibility measures including recent work on time-geography measures of accessibility. |
| Date: | 2013–04–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-00812835&r=tre |
| By: | Jos van Ommeren (VU University Amsterdam); Jesper de Groote (VU University Amsterdam); Giuliano Mingardo (Erasmus University Rotterdam) |
| Abstract: | We estimate welfare losses of policies that provide on-street parking permits to residents almost free of charge in shopping districts. Our empirical results indicate that parking supply is far from perfectly price elastic, implying that there are substantial welfare losses related to under-priced parking permits. Our results suggest that the provision of residential parking permits in shopping districts induces a yearly deadweight loss of at least euro 500 per permit, which is about 30% of the supply cost of a parking place in shopping districts. |
| Keywords: | parking supply; residential parking permit; deadweight loss |
| JEL: | R41 R48 |
| Date: | 2013–04–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dgr:uvatin:20130059&r=tre |
| By: | Luís Cabral; Zhu Wang; Daniel Yi Xu |
| Abstract: | Taking the early U.S. automobile industry as an example, we evaluate four competing hypotheses on regional industry agglomeration: intra-industry local externalities, inter-industry local externalities, employee spinouts, and location fixed-effects. Our findings suggest that inter-industry spillovers, particularly the development of the carriage and wagon industry, play an important role. Spinouts play a secondary role and only contribute to agglomeration at later stages of industry evolution. The presence of other firms in the same industry has a negligible (or maybe even negative) effect on agglomeration. Finally, location fixed-effects account for some agglomeration, though to a lesser extent than inter-industry spillovers and spinouts. |
| JEL: | L26 L6 R1 |
| Date: | 2013–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:18973&r=tre |
| By: | Forslid, Rikard (Dept. of Economics, Stockholm University); Okubo, Toshihiro (Kobe University) |
| Abstract: | This paper introduces scale economies or density economies in transportation in a trade and geography model with heterogeneous firms. This relatively small change to the standard model produces a new pattern of spatial sorting among …firms. Contrary to the existing literature, our model produces the result that firms of intermediate productivity relocate to the large core region, whereas high and low productivity firms remain in the periphery. Trade liberalisation leads to a gradual relocation to the core, with the most productive firms remaining in the periphery. |
| Keywords: | heterogeneous …firms; transportation costs; scale economies |
| JEL: | F12 F15 |
| Date: | 2013–04–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:sunrpe:2013_0009&r=tre |