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on Transition Economics |
| By: | Aune, Finn Roar; Golombek, Rolf; Moe, Arild; Rosendahl , Knut Einar (School of Economics and Business, Norwegian University of Life Sciences); Le Tissier, Hilde Hallre |
| Abstract: | The Russian gas market is highly regulated. In this paper we examine possible impacts of regulatory changes on the demand side of this market. In particular, we consider the effects on Russian energy consumers of removing natural gas subsidies, and how changes in Russian gas consumption may affect its gas export to Europe. We also examine the importance of Russian pipeline capacity to Europe, as well as impacts of hypothetical changes in Russian gas export behavior. For this purpose, we use a detailed numerical model for the energy markets in Europe and Russia – LIBEMOD. Our results suggest that removing implicit subsidies to Russian gas consumers will have substantial impacts on total consumption of gas in Russia, especially in the electricity sector. Gas exports to Europe will be significantly affected as more gas becomes available for exports. Removal of other market imperfections in the Russian energy markets has smaller impacts on prices and quantities than removing gas subsidies. More competitive Russian gas export behavior would lead to much higher gas export to Europe, but our results suggest that Russian welfare would drop due to lower gas export prices. |
| Keywords: | Russian gas prices; Russian gas export; European energy market |
| JEL: | C63 F10 Q41 Q48 |
| Date: | 2015–06–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:nlsseb:2015_011&r=tra |
| By: | Zlatibor Petkoviæ, Vanja Petkoviæ (Dunav Bank A.D. Belgrad) |
| Abstract: | In this paper we will deal with the research of economic growth and economic outlook in the countries of Eastern Europe, that is Russia and Ukraine in 2014. To ensure the inflow of foreign capital in the country's transition had to create the appropriate economic environment for multinational corporations. Eastern European countries in transition were forced to quickly and effectively liberalize the market in order to attract foreign capital if they wanted to enhance their own growth and development as well as to increase the competitiveness of their own economy. Countries were required to solve problems in the judiciary, to strengthen the security and efficiency of the legal protection of property and contract, to resolutely fight corruption and abuse of office, to increase speed, reduce costs and simplify administrative procedures, to develop the domestic capital market. |
| Keywords: | Eastern Europe, economic growth, economic forecasts, Russia, Ukraine |
| JEL: | F50 G28 J11 O11 |
| Date: | 2014–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:esb:castrc:2014-322&r=tra |
| By: | Alexander Tatarko (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Anna Mironova (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Segey Chuvashov (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | The research considers the impact of ethnic diversity on social capital in the Russian context. The theoretical study is based on Putnam’s hypothesis related to the impact of ethnic diversity on social capital. The empirical basis of a representative survey was compiled in two multicultural regions of Russia (N = 2061). To assess the level of ethnic diversity an Ethnic Diversity Index (EDI) was calculated based on the results of the latest National Population Census. Data were processed using two-level structural equitation modelling. The results showed that ethnic diversity did not affect adversely the social capital of Russia, as assumed in Putnam’s hypothesis. In particular, Russia's ethnic diversity positively influences ethnic tolerance and informal sociability and does not affect social trust and community organizational life. The article also suggests reasons for these results |
| Keywords: | social capital, ethnic diversity, social trust, community organizational life, informal sociability, ethnic tolerance |
| JEL: | D85 Z13 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:63/soc/2015&r=tra |
| By: | Alaev, Andrey (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Arlashkin, Igor (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Deryugin, Alexander (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Highlight key principles of effective division of powers. By analyzing the legislation, jurisprudence, international experience, materials intermunicipal cooperation organizations and other sources identified the main problems on the division of expenditure responsibilities. As a result, we developed a system of proposals to improve the delineation of expenditure responsibilities, including recommendations for the redistribution of expenditure responsibilities between levels of government in the Russian Federation. The conclusions and suggestions can be used by public authorities of the Russian Federation to improve the delineation of expenditure responsibilities between the Russian Federation, subjects of the Russian Federation and municipalities. |
| Keywords: | demarcation of expenditure responsibilities, government, Russian Federation |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn18&r=tra |
| By: | Aganbegyan, Abel (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Kleeva, Lyudmila (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Krotova, Nadezhda (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Research is devoted to the search for possibilities of accelerating of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation due to the formation of a new approach to investment policy based on increasing the efficiency of investments, increasing under-investment rate today, as well as their share in GDP. The paper discusses the sources of increased investments, mostly domestic, developed measures to improve the investment climate, investment substantiates structural changes in order to ensure accelerated economic growth and social development, identify possible areas of development, is the engine of accelerating socio-economic development of Russia, as well as investment Credit to overcome the downturn in economic and social development of the Russian Federation, specific examples of formation of regional investment policy; make informed conclusions about the trends of domestic support for science and innovation sphere. |
| Keywords: | socio-economic development, investment policy, investment, innovation sphere |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn22&r=tra |
| By: | Arlashkin, Igor (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Deryugin, Alexander (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Proka, Ksenia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | This review contains the analysis of approaches to strategic budget planning at the federal and regional level in the Russian Federation and the developed countries. By analyzing the legislation, international experience, as well as other sources, identified the main problems of strategic budget planning in the Russian Federation. As a result, guidelines were developed by the subjects of the Russian Federation for the formation of the budget strategy and the budget forecast for the long term. There were also developed guidelines on the formation of policy priorities at the regional level. |
| Keywords: | strategic budget planning, subjects of Russian Federation, guidelines |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn19&r=tra |
| By: | Cai Fang, Lu Yang |
| Abstract: | With the reduction of the working-age population and the increase of the population dependency ratio as the main characteristics of the demographic dividend having disappeared, China’s potential growth rate decreases. And our results suggest that demographic dividend contributed to nearly one forth of the economic growth in China in the past three decades, while TFP growth explains another one third with the remainder mainly due to capital accumulation, explaining nearly half. China’s potential growth rate will slow down—from nearly 10 per cent in the past 30 years to 7.5 per cent on average during 2011-2015—due to the diminished demographic dividend, but reform measures are conductive to clearing the institutional barriers to the supply of factors and productivity, thereby slowing the declining trend of potential growth rate. The aggregate reform dividend (e.g., relax family planning policy, postpone the retirement age, improvement of education and training, tax cut, and improvement of TFP) could reach to 1-2 percentage points on average during 2016-2050. |
| Keywords: | potential growth rate, Demographic dividend, reform dividend, total factor productivity |
| JEL: | O47 J21 C53 |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eab:macroe:24834&r=tra |
| By: | Abroskin, Alexander (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Abrîskina, Natalyà (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The main focus of research are issues of improving the methodological and methodical approaches to statistical analysis of the development of services in the Russian Federation and formation of information base analysis and forecasting of its basic parameters. In this paper, considerable attention is paid to study and systematization of the existing recommendations in the analysis of the service sector and its components developed by international organizations, as well as long-term international experience in this field. The results of this aspect of the research are the basis for the recommendations and suggestions on the most effective and methodological developments in the Russian statistical practice. |
| Keywords: | development of services, Russian Federation, international experience |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn12&r=tra |
| By: | Igor Mladenovic, Jelena Mladenovic (University of Niš, Faculty of Economics) |
| Abstract: | The processing sector in Serbia has not managed to consolidate even after more than a quarter century since the breakup of the former Yugoslavia. Food production in Serbia shares the fate of the entire production sector, as its integral part. Despite this fact, food production is more and more seen as the opportunity for increasing employment and the level of economic activity in Serbia. Especially after the introduction of EU sanctions by Russia, advocates of export of food products as the development opportunities for Serbia are growing louder. This made us pose the research question relating to whether economic growth in the area of food production has effects on employment level in Serbia? In searching for the answer to this question, we constructed a sample of the 20 largest food producers in Serbia and investigated the correlation between the level of economic activity in these companies and the number of their employees. We did the same for the 20 largest manufacturers in Slovenia and Croatia, and tested the hypothesis about the food production as the development opportunity. |
| Keywords: | the food production sector, employment, economic activity and the regression model |
| JEL: | J23 E24 |
| Date: | 2015–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:esb:casctr:2014-409&r=tra |
| By: | Cheng, Zhiming; Wang, Ben |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the impacts of subjective and objective measures of environmental quality on happiness and willingness to pay higher prices in China. We find that a higher level of happiness is associated with better air quality, but not necessarily with better water quality. The government can encourage willingness to pay for the former, but can only substitute it for the latter. Although perceived environmental quality is important for willingness-to-pay, it plays little role in rating happiness. However, a more highly perceived government effort increases both people’s life satisfaction and willingness-to-pay. |
| Keywords: | China; happiness; willingness-to-pay; environmental issues |
| JEL: | O13 Q53 |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:64676&r=tra |
| By: | Akshentseva, Ksenya (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Abramov, Alexander (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Chernovà, Maria (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The present study examined ways to improve the efficiency of portfolio management of pension savings in the Russian Federation. It examined the factors affecting the real return of pension portfolios in different countries; The role of a more liberal requirements on the composition and structure of the portfolio of pension savings, as well as anti-inflationary policy in raising the real rate of return on investment. For the first time on the example of the portfolios of pension savings and mutual funds in Russia is a key role in the profitability of these portfolios factor asset allocation compared with the strategies of active management. Separately considered determinants of stiffness requirements on the composition and structure of assets of pension savings in the different countries, and assess the feasibility of mitigating these requirements for pension funds and asset management companies. |
| Keywords: | portfolio management, pension savings, pension funds, collective investments |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn24&r=tra |
| By: | Ivankina, Elena (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Rogozhina, N (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The work is dedicated to the use of public-private partnership (PPP) in the formation of an affordable housing market in Russia and the creation of social and engineering infrastructure. The development of PPPs is extremely important for our country. Currently, PPP in Russia is in its infancy and many aspects, including legislative control, need to be addressed. Of particular relevance is the topic of PPP development in the formation of affordable housing, the creation of social and engineering infrastructure. The paper provides guidance on the introduction and development of different types of PPPs, on the mechanism of the use of PPPs in the regions of the Russian Federation to the creation of affordable housing, social and engineering infrastructure, proposals for the establishment of legal and regulatory environment for the wide use of PPP for projects in the field of affordable housing. |
| Keywords: | public-private partnership, infrastructure, affordable housing |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn7&r=tra |
| By: | Gorlin, Yury (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Maleva, Tatiana (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Grishina, Elena (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Dormidontova, Yulia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Lyashok, Victor (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Key conceptual positions and methodological approaches of work as the basis for development projects "Method of calculation of intergovernmental transfers from the federal budget to the budget of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation" and "Methods of determining the value of a pension factor", which according to the Federal Law of December 15, 2001 ¹167- FZ "On Mandatory Pension Insurance in the Russian Federation" (as amended on December 28, 2013) and the Federal Law of December 28, 2013 ¹400-FZ "On Insurance Pensions" are to be approved by the Russian Government. |
| Keywords: | pension, the calculation of intergovernmental transfers, method of determining the value of a pension factor |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn3&r=tra |
| By: | Mamuta, Mikhail (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Sorokina, O (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Tyan, V (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Popova, N (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The main objective of the conducted research is to determine the existing approaches to credit reporting in the microfinance sector in the world and in Russia, and to develop proposals for the development and improvement of credit reporting in Russia as part of the construction of quality infrastructure of the microfinance and credit cooperation markets for its effective development. As part of the work we compared the Russian approach to credit reporting in the microfinance sector with the basic guidelines for the development of credit reporting proposed by the world experts and with existing approaches to credit reporting in the microfinance sector in the world. |
| Keywords: | microfinance, credit cooperation, microloan, microfinance institution, microfinance organization, credit cooperative, non-bank financial institution, credit register, credit history |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn25&r=tra |
| By: | Robert J R Elliott; Eric Strobl; Puyang Sun |
| Abstract: | We examine the impact of typhoons on local economic activity in coastal China. To capture potential damages from an individual typhoon we use historical typhoon track data in conjunction with a detailed wind-field model. We then combine our damage proxy with satellite derived nightlight intensity data to contact a panel data set that allows us to estimate the impact of typhoons at a spatially highly disaggregated level (approx. 1km). Our results show that typhoons have a negative and significant, but short term, impact on local activity - a typhoon that is estimated to destroy 50% of the property reduces local economic activity by 20% for that year. Over our period of analysis (1992-2010) total net economic losses are estimated to be in the region of US$28.34 billion. To assess the damage risk from future typhoons we use simulated probability distributions of typhoon occurrence and intensity and combine these with our estimated effects. Results suggest that expected annual losses are likely to be around US$0.54 billion. |
| Keywords: | China, typhoons, wind field model, economic impact, nightlight imagery |
| JEL: | O17 O44 Q54 |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bir:birmec:15-11&r=tra |
| By: | Anna Bartczak (Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw; Warsaw Ecological Economics Center); Katarzyna Metelska-Szaniawska (Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the possibility of forest policy changes in Poland. The main objective is to investigate whether, and to whom, the society would be willing to pay for providing biodiversity enhancement in private forests. The empirical evidence is derived from a stated preference survey conducted on the national level and analyzed using a multinomial logit model (MNL). Our findings show a rather strong potential for the implementation of payments for ecosystem services (PES) in private forests, even though historical and institutional conditions are not favorable. The results also indicate a significant role of environmental attitudes in viewing the national and local governments as those responsible for financing the implementation of changes in private forests. They allow to provide recommendations for planning authorities and decision-makers not only in Poland but also in the other Central and Eastern European countries, where payments for ecosystem services have no long tradition. |
| Keywords: | biodiversity, environmental attitudes, forest policy, payments for ecosystem services, private forests |
| JEL: | D01 H4 Q23 Q51 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:war:wpaper:2015-20&r=tra |
| By: | Dubovskiy, D (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Kofanov, D (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Sosunov, K (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Business cycle, that is, the alternation of ups and downs in the economy, is an integral part of the economic development of any country. Obviously, the government, business, and ordinary citizens need to understand at what phase of the cycle is the economy. The word "recession" is now often heard in the statements of officials and analysts, however, general agreement about the fact whether our economy entered into a recession or not, it is not observed. Therefore, economists useful to have some common criteria for determining the phase of the business cycle, some reputable dating ups and downs, which could refer to the authorities and the business community. In most developed countries, there are some reputable organizations that produce such an analysis from the first half of the twentieth century. The Russian economy is on the path of market development only twenty-odd years ago, and therefore similar work in Russia is very small. In such a situation it is very important to understand the processes that characterize Russian business cycle (business cycle), the description of the basic properties of these fluctuations and formation mechanisms to set a phase of the cycle is the economy at a given time. |
| Keywords: | business cycle, dating |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn9&r=tra |
| By: | Stefan Dragutinovic, Jovan Zubovic, Marija Reljic (Economics Institute, Belgrade) |
| Abstract: | In this paper authors give an overview of the development of the pharmaceutical industry in former Yugoslavia and Serbia in the period 1990-2013. The aim is to examine whether pharmaceutical industry, which was largely fragmented at the beginning of 90’s, after a decade of privatization and restructuring had come to consolidation. In this paper we review the essentials of the pharmaceutical industry as well as key trends in that industry. In addition, there has been analyzed the privatization process in the pharmaceutical sector, as well as the outcomes of these privatizations. There was also presented the market distribution with market shares of the largest manufacturers of drugs and medical products, and trends that have shaped the market structure of the pharmaceutical industry in the analyzed period. In conclusion we can say that foreign owned pharmaceutical companies, as compared to domestic companies record higher and above average levels of profitability indicators. This indicates that there is a need for another round of restructuring in public owned companies in Serbia. |
| Keywords: | Pharmaceutical sector, Serbia, Economic trends |
| JEL: | L65 |
| Date: | 2015–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:esb:casctr:2014-406&r=tra |
| By: | Le, Ha; Nguyen, Cuong; Phung, Tung |
| Abstract: | This study examines multidimensional poverty in Vietnam using the method of Alkire and Foster (2007, 2011) and household data from Vietnam Household Living Standard Surveys 2010 and 2012. The poverty is analyzed in five dimensions including health, education, insurance and social support, living condition, and social participation. The result shows that multidimensional poverty has decreased slightly during the 2010-2012 period. There is a large difference between multidimensional poverty and expenditure/income based poverty. While Northern Mountain is the poorest region in terms of income or expenditure, Mekong River Delta is the poorest region in terms of multidimensional poverty. The decomposition analysis shows that the ethnic minority group has a small proportion of population but contributes largely to the national multidimensional poverty. We also decompose the total multidimensional poverty into the contribution of five dimensions. It finds that the deprivation of dimension ‘Social insurance and social assistance’ contributes the most to the total poverty, while the deprivation of dimension ‘Living conditions’ contributes the least to the total poverty. |
| Keywords: | Multidimensional Poverty; Poverty; Food poverty; Household survey; Vietnam |
| JEL: | H0 I3 |
| Date: | 2014–12–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:64704&r=tra |
| By: | Huang, Daisy J. (Hong Kong University of Science and Technology); Leung, Charles Ka Yui (City University of Hong Kong); Qu, Baozhi (China Merchants Group) |
| Abstract: | Based on Chinese city-level data from 1999 to 2012 and controlling for geological, environmental, and social diversity, this study suggests that credit plays a significant role in driving up house prices after the Great Recession, whereas property prices only influence bank lending before 2008. Local amenities such as higher education, green infrastructure, healthcare, and climate also positively affect house prices. Moreover, the impacts of bank loans on housing prices tend to be related to the level of amenities, suggesting an integrated approach (i.e. combining macroeconomic and urban economic variables) of housing market for the future research. |
| JEL: | G21 O18 R11 |
| Date: | 2015–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:feddgw:230&r=tra |
| By: | Natalia A. Shmatko (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Yurij L. Katchanov (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | The paper proposes one of the first attempts to conceptualize the “human capital” in science and technology gatekeeping in Russia, based on obtaining sociological data on real active subjects. The study strives to provide analytical information on the specific characteristics and stances of individuals making a decisive contribution to the development of strategic areas in science and technology. In Russia, the most perceptible impact on changing the situation of new scientific knowledge production and, in particular, high-tech development comes from heads of “advanced” research laboratories. Capable of forming and carrying out their own research programmes, in the majority of instances they act as “gatekeepers” of the high-tech sector. In the first stage a quantitative questionnaire survey was carried out by means of a formalized interview (312 respondents). In the second stage qualitative information was collected using in-depth semi-structured individual interviews with the managers of leading laboratories in their field (31 interviews). The information on the gatekeeping strategies in the six science and technology priority areas was obtained. Research on the expert community associated with high-tech projects logically fits into the “cluster” of foresight studies, supplementing it with “human capital” |
| Keywords: | expert, gatekeeper, human capital, high-tech industry, technology transfer, research and development |
| JEL: | I28 J24 O32 O33 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:39sti2015&r=tra |
| By: | Zaman, Gheorghe; Antonescu, Daniela |
| Abstract: | Under the global and financial crisis impact, the structure of regional and local trade flows witnessed significant changes. In this context, Romania’s exports are dominated by the cars, devices, electric equipment, transportation means, agricultural food products’, chemical, basic metals, textiles and footwear industry, etc. The exported goods have, to a large extent, a low technological level, being controlled by a small number of companies that have a relatively high share in their volume and being, as a rule, direct foreign investments. In the Romanian' top of exporters and importers we found the same counties where operates, as a rule, at least one large company with foreign capital. The study paid a specific attention to the crisis impact on foreign trade in Romania, focusing on export sector as revealing the endogenous growth generating potential at regional and county level. |
| Keywords: | endogenous regional growth, global crisis; foreign trade, export resilience |
| JEL: | F1 F15 F4 F43 R1 R11 R58 |
| Date: | 2015–05–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:64678&r=tra |
| By: | Kornienko, Natalia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Postnikova, N (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Velikova, Elisa (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Gulyaeva, S (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Today, with the rising mobility of capital and labor between the two countries is growing competition for their involvement. In order to create competitive advantages State use, including tax instruments. In this study, an analysis of tax competition between countries and associations of countries in the former Soviet Union, taking into account the fact that within the framework of integration associations tax competition may appear significantly brighter due to the removal (reduction) barriers to the movement of factors of production. Research operates with data of the laws of the post-Soviet space on 01.07.2014. The study analyzed current issues of unfair (harmful) tax competition and the former Soviet Union, prepared proposals for the protection of tax interests of Russia as a result of tax competition with neighboring states, and present a proposal, taking into account the interests of the EAEC integration association in the former Soviet Union, of which Russia is a part of. |
| Keywords: | tax competition, tax interests, former Soviet Union |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn15&r=tra |
| By: | Libo Wu (School of Economics, Fudan University); Weiqi Tang (School of Economics, Fudan University) |
| Abstract: | Energy conservation and greenhouse gas (GHG) abatement have been included in the national development strategy of China. However, the rigidity in command-and-control mechanisms and arbitrariness in assignment of GHG abatement burden across regions have caused unnecessary losses in both economic efficiency and social equity. In this paper, we use an Inter-Regional Dynamic CGE (IRD-CGE) model to simulate economic and welfare impacts of climate policies on national and regional level, including carbon intensity targets, regional emission constraints and cap-and-trade mechanism. Comparison among alternative emission reduction policy mechanisms indicates that emission trading scheme can not only moderate the economic and social welfare losses, but also improve social equity by decoupling the allocation of emission permits from economic optimization of emission reduction scheme. From this perspective, emissions trading bridges the concerns for economic efficiency and social equity, since emission permits could be reallocated as an income transfer so as to promote inter-regional equity, while economic efficiency is maintained. Keywords: greenhouse gas emissions; energy conservation; emission reduction; pollution; cap-and-trade mechanism |
| JEL: | Q54 Q56 |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:een:ccepwp:1505&r=tra |
| By: | Velikodnaya, Polina |
| Abstract: | В настоящее время аптечный бизнес набирает оборот. Данная статья показывает возможность открытия аптеки с помощью франшизы. Рассматриваются преимущества и недостатки открытия франчайзингового бизнеса, а так же ситуация на аптечном рынке города Омска. Currently, pharmaceutical business is gaining momentum. This article shows the possibility of opening a pharmacy by a franchise. The advantages and disadvantages of opening franchising business, as well as the situation on the pharmacy market of the city of Omsk. |
| Keywords: | аптека, франшиза, инвестиции, анализ, договор, франчайзинг, Омск pharmacy, franchise, investment analysis, contract, franchising, Omsk |
| JEL: | D70 I19 P00 |
| Date: | 2015–05–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:64687&r=tra |
| By: | Shatalovà, Svetlana (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Gromov, Vladimir (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The study provides scientific basis for the transfer of functions on administration of payments that come to the state social off-budget funds, to bodies of Federal Tax Service. In this regard the study contains research of both theoretical and practical issues of collection of social payments in a section of the Russian and foreign experience. Each section of study is supplied with the analysis and the argument of the conclusions that are provided by it. |
| Keywords: | administration of payments, social payments, off-budget funds, bodies of Federal Tax Service |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn17&r=tra |
| By: | Dragana Petkovic, Jadranka Djurovic-Todorovic, Ljiljana Prole (University of Niš, Faculty of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This paper analyses the fluctuation of interest on the public debt, as one of the oldest kinds of transfers which is closely related to the indebtedness of the state. The analysis of the expenditure dynamics for interest on public debt covers the period between 2003 and 2013. The goal of this research is to point out the efficiency of the activity of the economic policy within the analyzed period based on the relative changes in the transfer volume and the structure of the interest repayment, as well as to make certain projections for the future. Based on the analysis conducted, it was concluded that the fall of economic activity in 2009 had a significant effect on debt, which caused a drastic increase of the interest repayment transfers in the following years. |
| Keywords: | public debt interest, indices, growth rates |
| JEL: | E63 |
| Date: | 2015–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:esb:casctr:2014-423&r=tra |
| By: | Gabriela Kuvikova |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the role of loan contract terms in the performance of consumer credit. Taking advantage of a sample of accepted and rejected consumer loans from a Czech commercial bank, I estimate the elasticity of loan demand and find that borrowers with a high probability of default are more responsive to maturity than interest rate changes. I also argue that risk-based pricing may lead to an increase in loan maturity and loan default, rather than alleviating the adverse selection present on the lending market. Empirical evidence suggests that loan performance is time-dependent and default depends on the choice of loan duration. |
| Keywords: | credit scoring; consumer loans, asymmetric information |
| JEL: | D12 D14 D82 G21 |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cer:papers:wp538&r=tra |
| By: | Zhuravleva, Tatiana (Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy) |
| Abstract: | The issue of efficiency of the public sector compared with the private sector is extremely important in terms of economic policy. Firstly, low wages reduce the attractiveness of the public sector, making it difficult for the government in the process of recruitment and retention of staff and, ultimately, lead to a decrease in staff development and negatively affects the efficiency of the public sector. Secondly, even if there is no difficulty in hiring employees, low wages encourage them to have more work, which also negatively affects the efficiency of their work. In addition, the down payment in the public sector can cause resentment, outrage, disappointment power that provokes a strike, promotes corruption and, in general, slow down the reform process. On the other hand, high wages in the public sector connected with the problem of the budget deficit. In any case, the question of the gap in wages between the private and public sectors is crucial and relevant. |
| Keywords: | wages diffrentiation, public sector, private sector, Russian Federation |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn10&r=tra |
| By: | Shatalovà, Svetlana (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Zakharenkova, E (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The report presents the analysis of the preliminary results of the new transfer pricing law introduction in Russia as well as the recommendations on the improvement of the relevant legislation and administrative practice. The results of the work are based on the thorough analysis of the transfer pricing theory and practice in Russia and worldwide. |
| Keywords: | transfer pricing law, legislation, administrative practice |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn16&r=tra |
| By: | Tsatsura (Kovalenko), Elena (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Grishina, Elena (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Avraamova, Elena (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Eliseeva, Marina (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Loginov, Dmitriy (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Mareeva, Svetlana (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Ragozina, Lyudmila (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Topoleva-Soldunova, Elena (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Tyndik, Alla (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The results of the study concerns the growth of economic activity of the population, social dynamics and risks of difficult life situations, realized by a specially developed methodology. The information base for the study were the results of survey conducted in the three subjects of the Russian Federation (Tomsk, Ryazan and Perm regions); the total sample size was 4,800 respondents. Defined resource characteristics that influence the value of the economic activity of the population, are set to the respective factors that determine its growth or, conversely, braking. The connection of the resource potential of households with wealth. Details are described difficult life situations that fall households that do not have resources to overcome the self, and thus in need of social support. |
| Keywords: | economic activity, social dynamics, difficult life situations |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn5&r=tra |
| By: | Grishina, Elena (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Dormidontova, Yulia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Lyashok, Victor (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Burdyak, Alexandra (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Kazakova, Yuliya (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Tsatsura (Kovalenko), Elena (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The aim of this research was to assess the role of employment and retirement behavior of the population in the long-term sustainability of the pension system in the Russian Federation and lovering the risk of deprivational poverty among senior citizens. |
| Keywords: | employment behavior, retirement behavior, pension system, deprivational poverty |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn4&r=tra |
| By: | Belev, Sergei (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Deshko, Maria (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Mineev, Alexey (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Moguchev, Nikita (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Tischenko, Tatiana (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Hudko, Elizaveta (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Hrustalev, Alexander (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The introduction of new and streamlining of existing program tools for enhancing the relationship of spending with the objectives of socio-economic development allowed to form the federal budget in the program structure to 2013. The quality of the program budget is directly dependent on the quality of the government programs that have not yet become part of the system of management. But this is the necessary alternative to improve the organization activities of the executive authority as a whole and, accordingly, budget expenditures. The most of the developed countries have conducted and continue to conduct similar reforms. As a rule, they take several years and require constant analysis of the practical experience. In this paper presents an analysis of approaches to the formation of long-term programs in developed and developing countries and in Russia, which has allowed to identify the main trends in the management of the budget process, in particular: especially regulatory budget process; cross-country comparisons of stages and planning horizons of the program budget; specificity of formation and adjustment of the long-term target programs, the levels of detail the activities and structure of the budget expenditures; approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of the programs. |
| Keywords: | long-term programs, budget process |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:ppaper:mn23&r=tra |
| By: | Biljana Grujic, Nataša Kljajic, Svetlana Roljevic (Institute of Agricultural Economics Belgrade) |
| Abstract: | Subject of this paper is to introduce the concept of globalization in general, and the possibility of making different strategies of development of this sector in Serbia. It also states the importance of the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO), which can be said with certainty that it is initiator of the globalization of all sectors of the economy. The aim of the study was to determine the strength of the globalization on agriculture in Serbia. Finally, given is the production of selected vegetables (potatoes, beans, peppers and tomatoes) in Serbia in the period 2000 - 2012 total and by population. Research methods are based on a literature search of specify themes, consultation with experts in agriculture and application of mathematical and statistical methods (rate of change). |
| Keywords: | globalization, WTO, transition, farming, population |
| JEL: | Q10 Q13 |
| Date: | 2015–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:esb:casctr:2014-422&r=tra |