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on Technology and Industrial Dynamics |
| By: | Vargas Barrenechea, Martin |
| Abstract: | In this paper a game is used to compare the licensing of a cost reduction innovations under lost profits (LP) and unjust enrichment (UE), both damage rules that are used by courts in the calculation of damages when a patent has been infringed. The market is composed by two homogeneous firms that compete in quantities (Cournot), both firmas produces a homogeneous good. One of the firms (patent holder) develops a cost reduction innovation (drastic or non-drastic) and got a patent for this innovation. Under the shadow of probabilistic property rights, It is founded that licensing by using royalty rate is preferred compared with fixed fees, also it is observable little licensing (just big innovations). By comparing LP against UE, it is concluded that for drastic innovation the patentee and licensee are better off under LP. However social welfare is greater under UE. In the case of a non drastic innovation the results do not show a rule better than the other one. |
| Keywords: | innovation; law; damage rules; patent; licensing games |
| JEL: | D23 O34 P48 K11 |
| Date: | 2009 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:16872&r=tid |
| By: | Verena Eckl; Dirk Engel |
| Abstract: | This article contributes to the debate on the systemic effects of technology policy by investigating knowledge spillovers of pre-competitive publicly funded Industrial Collective Research (ICR) in Germany. The ICR aims to compensate for obstacles faced by SME in carrying out research and development (R&D). Using data from 911 firms surveyed in 2006, the results show that non-participants use ICR results to a significant extent. However, almost all users in the group of non-participants are engaged in other publicly funded or non-publicly funded collaborative research projects with research institutes affiliated to ICR. |
| Keywords: | Technology policy Evaluation, publicR&Dsubsidies, pre-competitive research, spillovers |
| JEL: | O38 H59 D21 C25 |
| Date: | 2009–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rwi:repape:0129&r=tid |
| By: | Laura Abramovsky (Institute for Fiscal Studies); Rachel Griffith (Institute for Fiscal Studies and University College London) |
| Abstract: | <p><p>Stronger productivity growth in the US than the EU over the late 1990s is widely attributed to faster, more widespread adoption of information and communication technology (ICT). The literature has emphasised complementarities in production between ICT and internal restructuring as an important mechanism. We investigate the idea that increased use of ICT has facilitated outsourcing of business services, and that these are complementary activities in production because they allow firms to focus on their core competencies. This is consistent with evidence from the business literature and aggregate trends, and we show evidence from microdata that is consistent with this idea. </p></p> |
| JEL: | D2 O3 O4 |
| Date: | 2009–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ifs:ifsewp:09/10&r=tid |