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on Technology and Industrial Dynamics |
| By: | Nolan, Elizabeth; Santos, Paulo |
| Abstract: | There is evidence of an increase in market concentration and in the importance of private plant breeding in the seed industry following the widespread adoption of Intellectual Property Rights regimes for the industry in the developed world. We use data from the US Patent and Trademark Office, US Plant Variety Protection Office and various European Plant Variety Protection databases to estimate the extent of these changes in the seed corn industry. |
| Keywords: | Intellectual Property Rights, R&D, market concentration, germplasm, |
| Date: | 2009 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare09:48060&r=tid |
| By: | Roberta Piergiovanni (Istat-Ufficio Regionale per l’Emilia-Romagna); Martin Carree (Maastricht University); Enrico Santarelli (University of Bologna and Max Planck Institute of Economics) |
| Abstract: | The present study explores the impact exerted by a series of factors and processes including creativity, IPR activities, new business formation and the provision of amenities on economic growth for 103 Italian provinces (NUTS 3) over the period between 2001 and 2006. Provincial growth rates are measured alternatively by value added growth and employment growth. Findings show a positive effect of the increase in the number of firms active in the creative industries, net entry, and a greater provision of leisure amenities on regional economic growth. A large portion of employment in the manufacturing, mining, and energy sector, and a high relative number of university faculties are found to lead to slower economic growth, whereas trademarks, patents, cultural amenities and industrial districts do not affect economic growth. Finally, the share of legal immigrants is found to have a positive impact on employment growth. |
| Keywords: | regional growth, creativity, entrepreneurship, Italian provinces |
| JEL: | O18 O34 R11 |
| Date: | 2009–03–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jrp:jrpwrp:2009-020&r=tid |
| By: | Gerrit de Wit; Haibo Zhou |
| Abstract: | Firm growth is an important indicator of a thriving economy. Although the determinants of firm growth have been studied in various disciplines, an integrated analysis is still lacking. This paper attempts to provide such an analysis. Many determinants of firm growth are summarized and classified into three dimensions: individual, organizational, and environmental determinants. By conducting an empirical study using 523 Dutch small and medium sized firms, we identify the determinants of firm growth which is measured by employment growth. Our findings show that environmental determinants do not affect firm growth. Individual ones do: entrepreneurs with growth motivation and having technical knowledge are more likely to grow their firms while entrepreneurs characterized by a strong need of achievement are less likely to engage in firm growth. Organizational determinants have the most influence on firm growth: the older thefirm, the less likely it is to grow. Availability of financial capital is found to be crucial to firm growth. Finally, the firm’s scalability (its preparedness to grow) is found to have a positive impact on firm growth. |
| Date: | 2009–03–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eim:papers:h200903&r=tid |
| By: | Mohamed Ayadi (ISG - Institut supérieur de gestion - Université de Tunis, Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Economiques et Commerciales de Tunis - Université de Tunis, GATE - Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique - CNRS : UMR5824 - Université Lumière - Lyon II - Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines); Mohieddine Rahmouni (GREThA - Groupe de Recherche en Economie Théorique et Appliquée - CNRS : UMR5113 - Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV); Murat Yildizoglu (GREQAM - Groupement de Recherche en Économie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille - Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II - Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille III - Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales - CNRS : UMR6579) |
| Abstract: | This article is dedicated to the analysis of the first innovation survey of the Tunisian firms. Starting from basic mechanisms of innovation processes, we test a set of conjectures adapted to a developing country like Tunisia. We analyze the motivation of firms to innovate and the determinants of product and process innovations. Our results show that firms must benefit from external knowledge sources in order to exhibit significant innovation propensities. The large size is also a necessary (but not sufficient) condition for innovation. We also notice that the participation of the State plays an harmful role. |
| Keywords: | Innovation; development; absorptive capacity; learning |
| Date: | 2009–03–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-00368560_v1&r=tid |
| By: | Radhakrishnan, Manju; Islam, Nazrul; Ward, Glynn |
| Abstract: | Evaluations of public sector agricultural research and development (R&D) often focus on farm level benefits. Flow-on benefits that accrue to other sectors such as processing and marketing typically are ignored. This paper however includes these benefits. Using the Western Australian wine industry as an example this paper highlights the relative importance of farm and flow-on benefits generated by farmlevel R&D. A wine industry value chain model is used to measure these benefits. The benefits per dollar of R&D investment are found to be $2.8 at the farm level compared to $14.9 when flow-on benefits are taken into account. In this case, solely reporting farm level benefits hugely understates the returns to the R&D investment. The R&D policy implications of the inclusion of flow-on benefits are discussed briefly. |
| Keywords: | R&D investment, Benefit cost analysis, Value chain modelling, wine., |
| Date: | 2009 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare09:48169&r=tid |