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on Technology and Industrial Dynamics |
| By: | Bronwyn H. Hall (University of California, Berkeley); Francesca Lotti (Bank of Italy, Research Department); Jacques Mairesse (INSEE-CREST) |
| Abstract: | Italian manufacturing firms have been losing ground with respect to many of their European competitors. This paper presents some empirical evidence on the effects of innovation on employment growth and therefore on firms’ productivity with the goal of understanding the roots of such poor performance. We use firm level data from the last three surveys on Italian manufacturing firms conducted by Mediocredito-Capitalia, which cover the period 1995-2003. Using a modified version of the model proposed by Harrison, Jaumandreu, Mairesse and Peters (2005), which separates employment growth rates into those associated with old and new products, we provide robust evidence that there is no employment displacement effect stemming from process innovation. The sources of employment growth during the period are split equally between the net contribution of product innovation and the net contribution from sales growth of old products. However, the contribution of product innovation is somewhat lower than that for the four comparison European countries considered by Harrison et al. |
| Keywords: | Innovation, employment, productivity, Italy. |
| JEL: | L60 O31 O33 |
| Date: | 2007–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdi:wptemi:td_622_07&r=tid |
| By: | Heng, Stefan |
| Abstract: | The advance of innovative information and communication technologies has triggered a fundamental upheaval in the media industry. The technology is reforming the conventional media model. The media mix will become more varied; interactive and personalised offers are taking root and finding their ideal milieu on the web. Newspapers, radio stations and TV broadcasters will have to reposition themselves if they want to remain attractive in the media industry with the arrival of the Web 2.0. This will include seeking new distribution channels and considering e.g. pay-per-view programming and innovative forms of advertising. |
| Keywords: | Information and communications technology; ICT; TV; Radio; Newspaper; media portal; Internet; Web 2.0; broadband; convergence; triple play |
| JEL: | O33 O34 O14 L82 L86 K23 L88 H41 |
| Date: | 2006–10–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:3250&r=tid |
| By: | Michel Fok (UPR10 - Systèmes cotonniers en petits paysannats - [CIRAD]); Naiyin Xu (RIIC - Research Institute of Industrial Crops - [Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences]) |
| Abstract: | Plusieurs articles ont contribué à faire passer l'idée selon laquelle les avantages spécifiques du coton-Bt sont responsables du succès de la diffusion du coton génétiquement modifié en Chine. L'efficience du coton-Bt varie cependant entre les régions cotonnières du pays. Dans la Province du Jiangsu, le long de la Vallée du Fleuve Yangtze, il n'y a pas d'augementation de rendement, la réduction de l'utilisation des insecticides est faible et il n'y a pas de gain de rendement associé spécifiquement à l'utilisation du coton-Bt. <br />L'utilisation du coton-Bt est néanmoins quasi générale. Une approche plus globale, en ne se focalisant pas seulement sur les effets spécifiques du coton-Bt, permet de comprendre ce paradoxe apparent. Dans la Province du Jiangsu, la diffusion du coton-Bt a bénéficié de son intégration dans les cultivars hybrides qui sont parfaitement adaptés à la technique de transplantation. Ce cas chinois indique que l'évaluation de l'utilisation du coton-Bt dans les autres pays devrait considérer le degré de compatibilité avec les techniques existantes de production.<br />En Chine, la commercialisation du coton-Bt a induit la modernisation du marché des semences . Les paysans ont d'abord bénéficié de ce processus avant de pâtir des effets négatifs des stratégies de commercialisation des semences au prix élevé. Si le coton-Bt doit donner plus aux paysans qu'il ne leur retire, une certaine regulation du marché des semences est souhaitable. |
| Keywords: | Agriculture, Biotechnologies, Industrie des semences, variétés, concurrence, marketing des semences |
| Date: | 2007–05–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:papers:halshs-00144882_v1&r=tid |
| By: | Nguyen, Ngoc Anh; Pham, Quang Ngoc; Nguyen, Dinh Chuc; Nguyen, Duc Nhat |
| Abstract: | Innovation has long been considered an important factor for creating and maintaining the competitiveness of nations and firms. The relationship between innovation and exporting has been investigated for many countries. However, there is a paucity of research in Vietnam with respect to this issue. In this paper we examine whether innovation performed by Vietnam’s small and medium enterprises (SMEs) enhances their exporting likelihood. Using the recently released Vietnam Small and Medium Enterprise Survey 2005, we find that innovation as measured directly by ‘new products’, ‘new production process’ and ‘improvement of existing products’ are important determinants of exports by Vietnamese SMEs. |
| Keywords: | Vietnam; Export; Innovation; Small and Medium Enterprise |
| JEL: | F10 O3 |
| Date: | 2007–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:3256&r=tid |