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on Technology and Industrial Dynamics |
| By: | Jajri, Idris; Ismail, Rahmah |
| Abstract: | The manufacturing sector is becoming more important for the Malaysia economy. The contribution of output and employment from this sector is continuously increasing since the 1980 an, except for certain period when an economy experiences recession. Viewing from its capacity to spearhead economic growth the government has given emphasis to the manufacturing sector in achieving industrialized nation by year 2020. It is a claim that productivity for this sector had not yet achieved optima level and in certain years, the growth of productivity was smaller than the growth of wages. Even though the concept of productivity usually referred to labour productivity, this concept is very much related to total factor productivity (TFP). This paper attempts to analysis trend of, technical efficiency, technological change and TFP growth in the Malaysian manufacturing sector. The analysis is based on data from the Industrial Manufacturing Survey of 1985 to 2000 collected by the Department of Statistics Malaysia using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The results show that during the period under study, TFP growth is increasing and the major contribution of TFP growth in technical efficiency. Nevertheless, technological change show increasing trend over time. The industries that experienced high technical efficiency are food, wood, chemical and iron products. However, for food and wood industries technical progress is higher than technical progress. The other industry that shows larger technical progress than technical efficiency is textile industry but both values are below unity. |
| Keywords: | Technical efficiency; technological change; and total factor productivity |
| JEL: | O30 |
| Date: | 2006 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:1956&r=tid |
| By: | Alain Alcouffe (LIRHE - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de recherche sur les Ressources Humaines et l'Emploi - [CNRS : UMR5066] - [Université des Sciences Sociales - Toulouse I]); Souhaila Kammoun (LIRHE - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de recherche sur les Ressources Humaines et l'Emploi - [CNRS : UMR5066] - [Université des Sciences Sociales - Toulouse I]) |
| Abstract: | L'article étudie le choix de l'innovation technologique dans la firme en relation avec son profil, son portefeuille de compétences, son portefeuille d'activités ainsi que son portefeuille relationnel. Tout d'abord à l'aide d'un modèle économétrique, l' une activité d'innovation est mise en relation avec le portefeuille de compétences et du portefeuille relationnel des firmes. La seconde partie définit les orientations nécessaires pour favoriser l'investissement dans des activités innovantes en fonction de facteurs relatifs aux caractéristiques propres à la firme, à son profil, à son comportement en matière de coopération et aux caractéristiques sectorielles. <br />Il est ainsi montré que l'innovation technologique mobilise un nombre limité de compétences centrales (capacité d'absorption de technologies extérieures, compétences organisationnelles et capacité d'apprentissage). L'approche par les compétences renouvelle les réflexions sur les frontières de la firme. Elle conduit à la voir comme un ensemble de compétences internes et de compétences complémentaires ou de compétences directes et indirectes, développées et combinées de différentes façons dans le temps et débouche sur une vision dynamique de l'évolution des frontières de la firme. |
| Keywords: | innovation technologique; compétences; apprentissage;frontières de la firme |
| Date: | 2007–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:papers:halshs-00131776_v1&r=tid |
| By: | Joachim Wagner (Institute of Economics, University of Lüneburg) |
| Abstract: | Using panel data from Spain Farinas and Ruano (IJIO 2005) test three hypotheses from a model by Hopenhayn (Econometrica 1992): (H1) Firms that exit in year t were in t-1 less productive than firms that continue to produce in t. (H2) Firms that enter in year t are less productive than incumbent firms in year t. (H3) Surviving firms from an entry cohort were more productive than non-surviving firms from this cohort in the start year. Results for Spain support all three hypotheses. This paper replicates the study using a unique newly available panel data sets for all manufacturing plants from Germany (1995 – 2002). Again, all three hypotheses are supported empirically. |
| Keywords: | Exports, Entry, exit, productivity |
| JEL: | L11 L60 |
| Date: | 2007–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lue:wpaper:44&r=tid |
| By: | E. BacchiegaAuthor-Name: P. Garella |
| Date: | 2007–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bol:bodewp:581&r=tid |
| By: | Rudholm, Niklas (The Swedish Retail Institute (HUI)) |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this paper is to study if the acquisitions of the SEAT and Skoda has lead to increased economic efficiency for Volkswagen AG due to economies of scale. This is achieved by estimation of the VAG cost function, using a translog specification. The results indicate that the merger with SEAT did increase the economies of scale available as production volumes increased due to the merger. No such effects was, however, found for the aquisition of Skoda. |
| Keywords: | Automobile production; economies of scale; technological change |
| JEL: | D21 D24 L25 |
| Date: | 2006–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:huiwps:0004&r=tid |
| By: | Giulio Bottazzi; Giovanni Dosi; Giorgio Fagiolo; Angelo Secchi |
| Abstract: | In this paper we study a class of evolutionary models of industrial agglomeration with local positive feedbacks, which allow for a wide set of empirically-testable implications. Their roots rest in the Generalized Polya Urn framework. Here, however, we build on a birth-death process over a finite number of locations and a finite population of firms. The process of selection among production sites that are heterogeneous in their ?intrinsic attractiveness? occurs under a regime of dynamic increasing returns depending on the number of firms already present in each location. The general model is presented together with a few examples of small economies which help to illustrate the properties of the model and characterize its asymptotic behavior. Finally, we discuss a number of empirical applications of our theoretical framework. The basic model, once taken to the data, is able to empirically disentangle the relative strength of technologically-specific agglomeration drivers (affecting differently firms belonging to different industrial sectors in each location) from site-specific geographical forces (horizontally acting upon all sectors in each location). |
| Keywords: | Industrial Location, Agglomeration, Dynamic Increasing Returns, Markov Chains, Polya Urns. |
| Date: | 2007–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssa:lemwps:2007/06&r=tid |
| By: | Chiao, Benjamin; Lerner, Josh; Tirole, Jean |
| Abstract: | This paper empirically explores standard-setting organizations’ policy choices. Consistent with Lerner-Tirole (2006), we find (a) a negative relationship between the extent to which an SSO is oriented to technology sponsors and the concession level required of sponsors and (b) a positive correlation between the sponsor-friendliness of the selected SSO and the quality of the standard. We also develop and test two extensions of the earlier model: the presence of provisions mandating royalty-free licensing is negatively associated with disclosure requirements, and the relationship between concessions and user friendliness is weaker when there is only a limited number of SSOs. |
| Keywords: | forum shopping; innovation; licensing; standardization |
| JEL: | L2 O3 |
| Date: | 2007–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:6141&r=tid |