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on Sports and Economics |
| By: | Jan van Ours (Erasmus University Rotterdam and Tinbergen Institute) |
| Abstract: | Team performance depends not only on the individual abilities of its members and cooperation between them but also on psychological factors such as confidence, rivalry, and perceived pressure. In a regular work environment, it is challenging to isolate the contribution of psychological factors. Analyzing sports data can be insightful, as performance metrics are widely available. This paper focuses on two phenomena that highlight the impact of psychological factors: bogey teams and circular triads. A "bogey team" refers to a team that consistently outperforms another team, often defying expectations. Circular triads involve non-transitive match outcomes among trios of teams. Using balanced panel data from the top league of Dutch football, the analysis identifies both bogey team relationships and circular triads in match outcomes. Clearly, psychological factors play a significant role in shaping team performance. |
| Keywords: | Non-transitivity, Circular triads, Bogey Teams, Football |
| JEL: | C25 D01 Z2 |
| Date: | 2025–03–14 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tin:wpaper:20250018 |
| By: | Jan van Ours (Erasmus University Rotterdam and Tinbergen Institute) |
| Abstract: | While sports betting markets share similarities with traditional financial markets, they are more accessible for empirical research thanks to availability of high-quality data, straightforward betting procedures, and the finite duration of events. As a result, they are often analyzed for market efficiency and serve as a field laboratory for studying financial markets. This study examines 24 seasons of English Premier League matches, revealing consistent non-transitive patterns in match outcomes among various triads (groups of three clubs). These empirical findings are difficult to rationalize and represent a notable anomaly. Bookmakers ignore the non-transitive patterns when setting odds. Faced with a trade-off between efficiency using historical information and maintaining consistency, they prioritize consistency. |
| JEL: | C25 D01 Z2 |
| Date: | 2025–02–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tin:wpaper:20250015 |
| By: | Angelillis, Barbara; Leogrande, Angelo |
| Abstract: | This research examines the connection between gambling behavior and substance use among youths, with special interest regarding gender difference and the cost of gambling. With a representative sample of 700 high school students aged between ages of 14 and 18 years, the research utilized structured questionnaires to collect information. Respondents indicated their participation on gambling, ranging from slot and scratch cards to internet gambling and sports betting, and their use of psychoactive drugs. Analysis identifies a strong, statistically significant connection between gambling and use of substances, particularly among respondents who use slot gambling or sport betting. For the entire sample, 19.7% gambled and 24% took substances. Use of substances, particularly psychoactive drugs and tobacco use, were much more prevalent among gamblers compared with non-gamblers, and an associated pattern, particularly among males, unveiled much more salient features. Log odds ratio and Fisher’s exact test analysis uncovered much elevated probabilities of use of substances among gamblers, particularly among slot machine users, with odds ratios higher than 2.0 among some female subgroups. Nevertheless, internet gambling could not demonstrate strong associations with use of substances, but there revealed an evident modest positive connection among men users. Data on expenditure unveiled the majority of young persons pay less than €10 monthly on gambling, but there exists a small group with much elevated expenditure. These respondents accounted for the size of the right-skewed distribution and may demonstrate burgeoning signs of harmful gambling. Prevention and detection are highlighted with special interest regarding gender-specific behavior. Recommendations are combined, integrated prevention among young persons within schools and communities, especially regarding gambling and use of substances during youth. |
| Keywords: | Adolescents, Problem gambling, Substance abuse, Gambling Expenditure, Gender, Risk behaviors. |
| JEL: | C83 D12 D91 I12 I18 L83 |
| Date: | 2025–06–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:125122 |
| By: | Stéphane Couckuyt (INSEP - Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance, LIRTES - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Recherche sur les Transformations des pratiques Éducatives et des pratiques Sociales - UPE - Université Paris-Est - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12); Pablo Buznic-Bourgeacq (CIRNEF - Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche normand en éducation et formation - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UNIROUEN - Université de Rouen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - IRIHS - Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société - UNIROUEN - Université de Rouen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université); Nathalie de Beler (EDF - EDF, EDF R&D); Benjamin Delattre (CIRNEF - Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche normand en éducation et formation - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UNIROUEN - Université de Rouen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - IRIHS - Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société - UNIROUEN - Université de Rouen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université); Lydia Deret (CIRNEF - Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche Normand en Éducation et Formation - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UNIROUEN - Université de Rouen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - IRIHS - Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société - UNIROUEN - Université de Rouen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université); Serge Guémard (INSEP - Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance); Bruno Hubert (CIRNEF - Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche Normand en Éducation et Formation - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UNIROUEN - Université de Rouen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - IRIHS - Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société - UNIROUEN - Université de Rouen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université); Jean-Paul Labarthe (EDF R&D); Vincent Le Croller (SEP (EA7370) - French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) - INSEP - Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance); Florian Ouitre (CIRNEF - Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche Normand en Éducation et Formation - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UNIROUEN - Université de Rouen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - IRIHS - Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société - UNIROUEN - Université de Rouen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université) |
| Abstract: | Qu'est-ce que la capitalisation des savoirs issus de l'expérience et quels en sont les enjeux dans l'écosystème sportif ? Comment renvoyer aux professionnels du sport des clés de performance d'experts, liées à leurs expériences personnelles ? Des projets de recherche et développement sont en cours sur ces questions. Quelques-uns de leurs résultats, ainsi que des exemples de productions réalisées dans ce cadre, sont l'objet de ce numéro spécial. |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05070646 |
| By: | Stéphane Couckuyt (INSEP - Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance, LIRTES - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Recherche sur les Transformations des pratiques Éducatives et des pratiques Sociales - UPE - Université Paris-Est - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12); Nathalie de Beler (EDF - EDF, EDF R&D); Serge Guémard (INSEP - Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance); Jean-Paul Labarthe (EDF R&D); Vincent Le Croller (INSEP - Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance); Pascal Lievre (CleRMa - Clermont Recherche Management - ESC Clermont-Ferrand - École Supérieure de Commerce (ESC) - Clermont-Ferrand - UCA - Université Clermont Auvergne) |
| Abstract: | En 2021, l'INSEP, la R&D d'EDF et un laboratoire de sciences de gestion (CleRMa, UCA) ont conduit une recherche autour des sources d'inspiration des chefs de projet haute performance dans les domaines du sport et de l'industrie nucléaire. Des similitudes apparaissent dans les deux activités, caractérisées par un management de situations complexes marquées par un fort enjeu, l'incertitude et la nécessité de s'adapter. Qu'apporte les résultats de l'étude aux problématiques de développement professionnel et de performance dans l'agir ? Un éclairage est ici proposé à partir du point de vue de spécialistes des trois univers. |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05070653 |
| By: | Hirofumi Kurokawa (School of Economics, Kwansei Gakuin University); Hiroko Okudaira (Business School, Doshisha University); Yusuke Kinari (Hirao School of Management, Konan University); Fumio Ohtake (Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, The University of Osaka) |
| Abstract: | Gender gaps in willingness to compete are widely recognized as a key factor contributing to disparities in labor market outcomes. While much attention has been paid to gender identity, individuals also belong to social groups that influence how they engage in competitive environments. The decision to compete often occurs within complex identity contexts, yet the combined effect of gender and group identity on competitive behavior remains less well understood. This study investigates how group identity shapes tournament entry decisions in mixed-gender environments. We conducted a laboratory experiment in which participants were randomly assigned to minimal groups and then paired with an opposite-gender partner. They were informed that their opponent was either from the same group (ingroup), a different group (outgroup), or received no group information (control). Participants completed a real-effort task and then chose between non-competitive and competitive payment schemes. The results showed that participants—particularly men—were less likely to choose the competitive option when facing an ingroup opponent. In contrast, women were slightly more likely to compete against outgroup opponents. While previous research has suggested that men may be more willing to compete to elevate their social status within a group, our findings reveal the opposite pattern when the ingroup opponent is female. These findings suggest that the interaction between gender and group identity can produce nuanced, non-additive effects on competitive behavior. |
| Keywords: | competitiveness, gender identity, group identity, multiple identities |
| JEL: | C91 C92 J16 |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kgu:wpaper:295 |