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on Sports and Economics |
| By: | Astghik Mavisakalyan (Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre, Faculty of Business and Law, Curtin University, Australia, and Global Labor Organization); Michael Palmer (Department of Economics, University of Western Australia Business School); Silvia Salazar (r Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre, Faculty of Business and Law, Curtin University, Australia) |
| Abstract: | Self-promotion plays a crucial role in shaping performance evaluations across various domains, yet its effects remain difficult to quantify. This paper examines how strategic self-promotion influences subjective performance assessments in high-stakes, competitive sports environments. We leverage the unique setting of professional surfing, where athletes can engage in nonverbal self-promotion by claiming a wave before receiving their score from a panel of judges. Using data from over 5, 500 waves in the World Surf League, we show that claiming significantly improves judged performance evaluations, increasing wave scores by 0.78–1.08 standard deviations (1.6–2 points on a 10 point scale). Female surfers are far less likely than their male counterparts to engage in claiming, yet they receive comparable rewards when they do. These findings provide evidence on the role of self-promotion as a strategic tool for influencing subjective evaluations of performance, and highlight gender disparities in the adoption of such behaviors, in high-stakes competitive environments. |
| Keywords: | Self-promotion, Performance evaluation, Professional surfing, Gender differences, Instrumental variables |
| JEL: | J24 J16 Z22 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uwa:wpaper:25-04 |
| By: | Böttger, Tom; Vischer, Lars |
| Abstract: | The increasing integration of technological aids, such as the video assistant referee (VAR), is fundamentally transforming decision-making processes in professional football, especially influencing critical match moments. Penalty kicks, characterised by technical simplicity but intense psychological pressure, may be particularly affected by delays caused by VAR reviews. An analysis of 737 penalty kicks in the German Bundesliga and second Bundesliga (2019-2023) reveals that penalties confirmed following VAR interventions show significantly lower conversion rates. This impact is especially pronounced during the early stages of matches, suggesting prolonged delays disrupt players' established pre-performance routines and heighten psychological stress, which aligns with prospect theory's insights on decision-making under uncertainty. Thus, these insights emphasise how technological innovations enhance officiating accuracy and introduce new psychological demands on athletes at the same time. |
| Abstract: | Der Einsatz technischer Hilfsmittel, wie des Videoschiedsrichters (VAR), verändert zunehmend die Entscheidungsprozesse im Profifußball und beeinflusst damit auch die Dynamik entscheidender Spielsituationen. Insbesondere beim Elfmeterschießen, einer scheinbar einfachen technischen Aktion mit erheblicher psychologischer Komplexität, können Verzögerungen durch VAR-Überprüfungen erhebliche Auswirkungen auf die Leistung der Spieler haben. Eine Untersuchung von 737 Elfmetern in der 1. und 2. Bundesliga (2019-2023) zeigt, dass besonders Elfmeter, die nach einer VAR-Überprüfung bestätigt werden, eine niedrigere Erfolgsquote aufweisen. Dieser Effekt tritt insbesondere in frühen Spielphasen auf, wo lange Wartezeiten möglicherweise die Routinen der Spieler stören und zusätzlichen psychologischen Druck erzeugen, was mit den Erkenntnissen der Prospect-Theorie zur Entscheidungsfindung unter Unsicherheit übereinstimmt. Die Untersuchung liefert wertvolle Erkenntnisse darüber, wie technologische Veränderungen Schiedsrichterentscheidungen verbessern und zugleich neue psychologische Herausforderungen für Sportler schaffen. |
| Keywords: | Bias, Football, Penalty, Rule, VAR |
| JEL: | D81 D91 L83 Z20 Z21 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:umiodp:316433 |
| By: | Fang, Dawei (Department of Economics, School of Business, Economics and Law, Göteborg University); Ke, Changxia (School of Economics and Finance, Queensland University of Technology); Kubitz, Greg (School of Economics and Finance, Queensland University of Technology); Liu, Yang (Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Melbourne); Noe, Thomas (Saıd Business School & Balliol College, University of Oxford); Page, Lionel (School of Economics, University of Queensland) |
| Abstract: | Risk-taking spurred by rank-based contest rewards can have enormous consequences, from breakthrough innovations in research competitions to hedge fund collapses engendered by risky bets aimed at raising league-table rankings. This paper provides a novel theoretical and experimental framework of rank-motivated risk-taking that both allows for complex prize structures and permits participants to make arbitrary mean-preserving changes to their random performance. As predicted by our theory, participants choose positively skewed performance under highly convex prize schedules and negatively skewed performance under concave ones. Convexifying the prize schedule or increasing competition for identical winner prizes induces riskier and more skewed performance. |
| Keywords: | rank incentives; risk taking; skewness; contest structure |
| JEL: | C72 C91 D74 D81 |
| Date: | 2025–05–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:gunwpe:0855 |
| By: | Tomoya Sugawara; Shintaro Mori |
| Abstract: | We model the time evolution of single win odds in Japanese horse racing as a stochastic process, deriving an Ornstein--Uhlenbeck process by analyzing the probability dynamics of vote shares and the empirical time series of odds movements. Our framework incorporates two types of bettors: herders, who adjust their bets based on current odds, and fundamentalists, who wager based on a horse's true winning probability. Using data from 3450 Japan Racing Association races in 2008, we identify a microscopic probability rule governing individual bets and a mean-reverting macroscopic pattern in odds convergence. This structure parallels financial markets, where traders' decisions are influenced by market fluctuations, and the interplay between herding and fundamentalist strategies shapes price dynamics. These results highlight the broader applicability of our approach to non-equilibrium financial and betting markets, where mean-reverting dynamics emerge from simple behavioral interactions. |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2503.16470 |
| By: | Mohamed Amine Aboukinane (ENCG El Jadida); Sanae Biaz (ENCG El Jadida) |
| Abstract: | Abstract: The aim of the present study is to examine the impact of the organizational identification construct as an indirect indicator of the tangible and intangible benefits that a company can achieve through the implementation of a CSR strategy based on the organization or sponsorship of sporting events, such as building trust and stimulating purchase intention among the wider public. A quantitative study was carried out using a questionnaire designed on the basis of existing measurement scales in the literature, and completed by 125 respondents targeted according to their interest in sport and sporting events. As expected, respondents showed a notable degree of organizational identification with companies that organize or sponsor sporting events as part of CSR, and the results projected and confirmed that the concept of organizational identification has a positive impact on the wider public's purchase intention and trust, but the mediating role that the latter can play between organizational identification and the wider public's purchase intention has not been proven. Overall, Moroccan companies should deploy CSR strategies through the organization or sponsorship of sporting events, enabling them to increase their financial assets (purchase intention) and build trust, taking into account the level of organizational identification of the target audience as a measurable index to predict the effectiveness and appropriateness of a CSR campaign. Keywords: CSR; sport events; organizational identification; wider public; trust; Purchase intention JEL Classification: M14; L21 Paper Type: Empirical Research Résumé : La présente étude vise à examiner l'impact du construit de l'identification organisationnelle comme étant un indicateur indirect d'évaluation des bénéfices tangibles et intangibles qu'une entreprise peut réaliser par le biais d'implémentation d'une stratégie RSE axée sur l'organisation ou le sponsoring d'événements sportifs, comme instaurer la confiance et stimuler l'intention d'achat auprès du grand public. Une étude quantitative a été menée sur la base d'un questionnaire conçu à partir d'échelles de mesure existantes dans la littérature et rempli par 125 répondants ciblés en fonction de leur intérêt pour le sport et les événements sportifs. Comme prévu, les personnes interrogées ont manifesté un degré notable d'identification organisationnelle avec les entreprises qui organisent ou sponsorisent des événements sportifs dans le cadre de la RSE , et les résultats ont projeté et confirmé que le concept d'identification organisationnelle a un impact positif sur l'intention d'achat et la confiance du grand public, mais le rôle médiateur que peut jouer ce dernier entre l'identification organisationnelle et l'intention d'achat du grand public n'a pas été prouvé. Dans l'ensemble, les entreprises marocaines devraient déployer des stratégies RSE par le biais d'organisation ou sponsoring d'événements sportifs, ce qui leur permet d'augmenter leurs actifs financiers (intention d'achat) et de renforcer la confiance, en tenant compte du niveau d'identification organisationnelle du public ciblé comme étant un indice mesurable pour prédire l'efficacité et l'adéquation d'une compagne RSE. Mots clés : RSE ; événements sportifs ; identification organisationnelle ; grand public ; confiance ; intention d'achat JEL Classification : M14 ; L21 Type du papier : Recherche empirique |
| Keywords: | CSR sport events organizational identification wider public trust Purchase intention JEL Classification: M14 L21 Paper Type: Empirical Research RSE événements sportifs identification organisationnelle grand public confiance intention d'achat JEL Classification : M14 L21 Type du papier : Recherche empirique |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05011679 |
| By: | Hassan, Wesam Adel |
| Abstract: | This article examines cryptocurrency trading in Turkey, focusing on the ‘gamblification’ of this emerging market. Based on 18 months of ethnographic research (2021-2022) conducted during an economic crisis exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, the research reveals how Turks engaged with cryptocurrencies are considering the structural parallels between trading and gambling. The article also incorporates the perspective of Turkey's Directorate for Religious Affairs (Diyanet), which has declared cryptocurrency trading impermissible, highlighting the tension between contemporary financial practices and traditional Islamic frameworks. The article links the perception of cryptocurrency trading as a modern game of chance, as articulated by research participants, to Turkey's economic instability and their technological shift from traditional state-regulated games of chance (lotteries, betting on sports, and horse racing) to cryptocurrency trading. My ethnographic method brings new empirical data and qualitative analysis to understand the cultural and religious dynamics shaping this emergent financial phenomenon in the under-studied context of Turkey. I argue that cryptocurrency adoption in Turkey is driven by more than economic necessity; it reflects a cultural transformation valuing modernity and innovation. Many Turks view cryptocurrency as a viable alternative to traditional financial systems and a representation of the future of money. This shift signifies a departure from conventional monetary practices and reflects a collective idealisation of the future of finance. The article thus illuminates how Turkish individuals navigate risk and speculation during economic crises, demonstrating their adaptability in engaging with non-monetary financial markets. |
| Keywords: | cryptocurrency; gambling; Turkey; trading; Islam |
| JEL: | F3 G3 J1 |
| Date: | 2025–03–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:127631 |