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on Sports and Economics |
| By: | Dietz, Fabian; Sahm, Marco |
| Abstract: | We examine the effects of endogenous sequences on the fairness in round-robin tournaments with four players, multiple prizes, and general contest technologies. A tournament is called horizontally ex-ante fair if symmetric contestants have the same expected payoffs (odds) before the tournament starts. It is called perfectly fair if the winning probabilities in each match depend only on the players' characteristics but not on the position of the match in the course of the tournament. We show that there is no sequence which implies perfect fairness. By contrast, some endogenous sequences imply horizontal ex-ante fairness irrespective of the prize structure. In winner-take-all tournaments, additional endogenous sequences are horizontally ex-ante fair. Our findings question the prevailing use of exogenous sequences in four-player roundrobin tournaments in commercial sports despite horizontally ex-ante fair alternatives. |
| Keywords: | Sequential Round-Robin Tournament, Endogenous Sequence, Contest Success Function, Multiple Prizes, Fairness |
| JEL: | C72 D72 Z20 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:bamber:300669 |
| By: | Sidarth Erat |
| Abstract: | The Colonel Blotto game, introduced by Borel in the 1920s, is often used for modeling various real-life settings, such as elections, lobbying, etc. The game is based on the allocation of limited resources by players to a set of fields. Each field is ``won'' and a corresponding field-specific value is obtained by the player who sends the most resources. In this paper, we formulate a discrete Blotto game played on a general \textit{accessibility network} (i.e., the bipartite graph made of players and the fields they can allocate resources to). The primary goal is to find how the topology of the accessibility network controls the existence and uniqueness of equilibrium allocations, and how it affects the fraction of fields that are entered and the average payoff of players at equilibrium. We establish that, in a 2-regular topology, when the values of fields are close enough and the number of players is not a multiple of 4, then there is a unique equilbrium. We also prove that players are better off and fields are more likely to be entered in a regular topology than a random topology. We find numerically that dispersion of field weights negatively affects average player payoff. The main contribution is a framework for analyzing contests where players are permitted access to some (but not necessarily all) venues of competition. |
| Date: | 2024–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2407.16707 |
| By: | Xie, Han |
| Abstract: | As Beijing became the first city in history to successfully host both Summer and Winter Olympic Games, this paper looks into the different visualizations of the two Olympics opening ceremonies in 2008 and 2022. By incorporating the concept of Nation Branding, it features a comparative case study to discuss how China has understood and branded the country through detailed and well-rehearsed artistic presentations in these events. The case study mainly focuses on three layers: role conception, role perception / the formation of brands, and finally the presentation of strategically designed brands. Each layer of comparison answers a specific question, and their combination in turn answers how the difference in artistic presentation may connect with the shifting Chinese nation branding strategies. The result of this paper suggests that the presentations in 2008 and 2022 Olympics opening ceremonies, as the focus shifted from "country and heroism" to "people and togetherness, " generally stood in line with the nation branding strategies performed by the Chinese government throughout this 14-year span. |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:udedao:300699 |