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on Sports and Economics |
| By: | Pinka Chatterji; Sara Markowitz |
| Abstract: | Cycling is popular among children, but results in thousands of injuries annually. In recent years, many states and localities have enacted bicycle helmet laws. We examine direct and indirect effects of these laws on injuries. Using hospital-level panel data and triple difference models, we find helmet laws are associated with reductions in bicycle-related head injuries among children. However, laws also are associated with decreases in non-head cycling injuries, as well as increases in head injuries from other wheeled sports. Thus, the observed reduction in bicycle-related head injuries may be due to reductions in bicycle riding induced by the laws. |
| JEL: | I0 K0 |
| Date: | 2013–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:18773 |
| By: | Seo-Young Cho |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates whether male soccer tradition can predict the success of female soccer. Different from the existing literature, this paper utilizes panel data covering 175 countries during the 1991-2011 period, capturing country heterogeneity effects and time trends. An instrumental variable approach is further employed in order to identify causal relation. My findings do not support the widespread perception that male tradition determines female soccer attainments. On the other hand, my results indicate that women's empowerment can be a driving force for the success of female soccer. |
| Keywords: | female and male soccer, women's empowerment, panel analysis |
| JEL: | C33 J16 Z10 |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:diw:diwwpp:dp1267 |