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on Sports and Economics |
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Issue of 2011‒10‒09
eight papers chosen by Joao Carlos Correia Leitao University of Beira Interior and Technical University of Lisbon |
| By: | Bruno de Paula Rocha (Cedeplar/UFMG); Igor Viveiros Souza (UFOP); Fábio A. Miessi Sanches (London School of Economics); José Carlos Domingos da Silva (PUC/SP e FECAP) |
| Abstract: | Sports competitions have been used as source for applied studies on individual behavior under pressure. This work evaluates Brazilian refereeing bias in football (soccer) games of Campeonato Brasileiro 2004-2008. The results show that referees systematically favor home teams by setting more extra time in close matches in which home teams are behind. The bias is not exclusively explained by the supporters’ pressure. There are evidences of referees’ favoritism only in small stadiums, with a stronger bias in more opaque games. |
| Keywords: | Behavioral economics, Social pressure; Sports economics. |
| JEL: | D73 L83 |
| Date: | 2011–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdp:texdis:td451&r=spo |
| By: | Humphreys, Brad (University of Alberta, Department of Economics); Paul, Rodney (Syracure University); Weinbach, Andrew (Coastal Carolina University) |
| Abstract: | Previous research on CEO turnover indicates that a number of factors, including age, firm performance, and expected firm performance affect CEO turnover. Measurement of expected performance in these studies is typically based on investment analysts’ forecasts of earnings; these expectations potentially suffer from a number of problems, including the tendency for CEOs to “manage” analysts’ expectations. We examine the relationship between performance expectations and CEO turnover using data from NCAA Division I-A college football using a market-determined measure of expected performance, winning percentage against point spreads; this expected performance measure does not suffer from many of the problems that plague analysts’ earnings forecasts. We find that performance expectations, actual expectations, and tenure affect CEO turnover in NCAA Division I-A college football, based on performance data from 102 Division I-A football programs over the period 1980-2004. |
| Keywords: | CEO turnover; performance expectations; betting markets |
| JEL: | D84 J44 J63 |
| Date: | 2011–09–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:albaec:2011_014&r=spo |
| By: | Francesca Cornaglia; Naomi E. Feldman |
| Abstract: | The effect of marriage on productivity and, consequently, wages has been long debated in economics. A primary explanation for the impact of marriage on wages has been through its impact on productivity, however, there has been no direct evidence for this. In this paper, we aim to fill this gap by directly measuring the impact of marriage on productivity using a sample of professional baseball players from 1871 - 2007. Our results show that only lower ability men see an increase in productivity, though this result is sensitive to the empirical specification and weakly significant. In addition, despite the lack of any effect on productivity, high ability married players earn roughly 16 - 20 percent more than their single counterparts. We discuss possible reasons why employers may favor married men. |
| Keywords: | Productivity, wage gap, marriage, and baseball |
| JEL: | J31 J44 J70 |
| Date: | 2011–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cep:cepdps:dp1081&r=spo |
| By: | Geyer, Hannah; Wickhorst, Hanke |
| Abstract: | We analyse the effect of overconfidence in a model of team-production with effort complementarities. We show that overconfidence may not only enhance an overconfident agent's effort but also that of a rational one. Focusing the agents' payoffs we see that this increase in effort can be to the agents' benefit, regardless whether they are rational or overconfident. We take this notion to NBA-data which we have gained from the season 2009/10 and see that players who have been identified as overconfident have a significantly positive effect on their team's success. -- Wir betrachten den Effekt von Overconfidence mit Hilfe eines intuitiven Modells einer Team-Produktion mit komplementären Arbeitseinsätzen. Es zeigt sich, dass Overconfidence nicht nur den Arbeitseinsatz des betroffenen Agenten erhöht, sondern gleichzeitig den eines rationalen Teammitglieds. Hieraus resultiert ein Nutzenvorteil für die Agenten, unabhängig davon, ob sie selbst rational oder overconfident sind. Daten der NBA-Saison von 2009/10 zeigen, dass Spieler, welche als overconfident identifiziert wurden, einen signifikant positiven Effekt auf den Erfolg ihres Teams haben. |
| JEL: | D21 D62 L23 |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ciwdps:42011&r=spo |
| By: | Wolfgang Maennig (Chair for Economic Policy, University of Hamburg); Felix Richter (Chair for Economic Policy, University of Hamburg) |
| Abstract: | Rose & Spiegel (2011) find that Olympic Games host countries experience significant positive and lasting effects on exports. They interpret their results as an indication that countries use the hosting of such an event as a signal of their (new) openness and competitiveness. We challenge these empirical findings on the grounds that the comparison of structurally different and non-matching groups might suffer from a selection bias. We demonstrate that with an appropriately applied matching and treatment methodology, the significant Olympic export effect disappears. |
| Keywords: | Keywords: export, Olympic Games, international trade, treatment |
| JEL: | L83 |
| Date: | 2011–09–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hce:wpaper:042&r=spo |
| By: | Alberto Chong (Institute for International Economic Policy, George Washington University); Pascal Restrepo (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) |
| Abstract: | We provide evidence of the Peltzman effect by tracking the professional path of each hockey player that ended up in the National Hockey League from 2001 to 2006. We take advantage of the fact that visor use has not always been compulsory throughout a player's career, which allows us to compare the change in behavior of users and non-users of visors when they are forced to use them. We find that whereas the average penalty minutes per game is 0.8, visors cause a substantial increase of 0.2 penalty minutes per game. Players become more aggressive when forced to wear a visor, partially offsetting its protective effect and creating potential spillover effects to other players. |
| Keywords: | Peltzman Effect, Ice Hockey, Compensating Behavior |
| JEL: | K32 K23 H40 |
| Date: | 2011–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gwi:wpaper:2011-12&r=spo |
| By: | Rothbauer, Julia; Sieg, Gernot |
| Abstract: | Viewer's private information consumption generates external benefits for society, because information improves the ability of voters to control politicians. Our study compares two settings in a free-to-air TV market: a differentiated duopoly of private channels and an oligopoly with both private channels and a public service broadcaster broadcasting information as well as entertainment programs. We find that welfare effects of public service broadcasting depend on its program design and cost efficiency, the external benefits of voter's information, and the magnitude of lost rents from the advertising market. |
| Keywords: | Media; two-sided TV market; information externalities |
| JEL: | L82 L32 D72 |
| Date: | 2011–09–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:33779&r=spo |
| By: | Gomez, Sandalio (IESE Business School); Opazo, Magdalena (IESE Business School); Barios, Macarena (IESE Business School) |
| Abstract: | El objetivo de nuestra investigación es estudiar la evolución y transformación que ha tenido la Copa de Europa, desde sus inicios hasta convertirse en la UEFA Champions League como la conocemos hoy en día, buscando específicamente en los factores estratégicos, comerciales, organizativos y económicos que nos permitan describir el proceso de cambio que enfrenta esta organización deportiva en particular. Para una mejor comprensión de las estrategias de organización deportiva se construyó una matriz, donde tenemos la estrategia de negocio en el eje vertical y la estrategia de los deportes en el eje horizontal. La parte comercial y financiera del club es el terreno donde crece el éxito deportivo. La salud financiera permite a un club que tenga buenos jugadores, buenos entrenadores, mejores instalaciones, etc. Estar en un cuadrante o en otro dependerá del nivel competitivo del club de fútbol. Esto dependerá de las estrategias (de negocios y estrategia de los deportes), desarrolladas por el club, y de la cantidad de área de las estrategias encaminadas a mejorar todas las formas de capital disponible para un club de fútbol hoy en día. |
| Keywords: | Deporte; Estrategia; cambio; |
| Date: | 2011–06–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ebg:iesewp:d-0927&r=spo |