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on Sociology of Economics |
| By: | Chanel, Olivier; Prati, Alberto; Raux, Morgan |
| Abstract: | We provide an estimate of the environmental impact of the recruitment system in the economics profession, known as the “international job market for economists”. Each year, most graduating PhDs seeking jobs in academia, government, or companies participate in this job market. The market follows a standardized process, where candidates are pre-screened in a short interview which takes place at an annual meeting in Europe or in the United States. Most interviews are arranged via a non-profit online platform, econjobmarket.org, which kindly agreed to share its anonymized data with us. Using this dataset, we estimate the individual environmental impact of 1057 candidates and one hundred recruitment committees who attended the EEA and AEA meetings in December 2019 and January 2020. We calculate that this pre-screening system generated the equivalent of about 4800 tons of avoidable CO2-eq and a comprehensive economic cost over €4.4 million. We contrast this overall assessment against three counterfactual scenarios: an alternative in-person system, a hybrid system (where videoconference is used for some candidates) and a fully online system (as it happened in 2020–21 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). Overall, the study can offer useful information to shape future recruitment standards in a more sustainable way. |
| Keywords: | carbon footprint; comprehensive economic cost; environmental impact; international job market; job market for economists |
| JEL: | A11 J44 Q51 Q56 |
| Date: | 2022–11–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:116463 |
| By: | Siegfried, Doreen; Scherp, Guido; Linek, Stephanie; Flieger, Elisabeth |
| Abstract: | Diese Studie untersucht Open-Science-Praktiken in den Wirtschaftswissenschaften an deutschen Hochschulen und Forschungseinrichtungen. Insgesamt 314 Wissenschaftler:innen aus verschiedenen wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Disziplinen haben an einer Online-Umfrage teilgenommen, um Fragen zu ihren Einstellungen, Anwendungen sowie Barrieren und Anreizen im Zusammenhang mit Open Science zu beantworten. Zudem wurde der Bedarf an Unterstützung in diesem Bereich ermittelt. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen eine zunehmende Akzeptanz und Implementierung von Open-Science-Methoden, wobei bedeutende Unterschiede zwischen den verschiedenen Institutionstypen bestehen. Das Forschungsdatenmanagement, die Nutzung von Open-Access-Publikationen und die Integration offener Daten und Codes in den Publikationsprozess wurden als zentrale Aspekte identifiziert. Die Studie bietet umfassende Einblicke in den gegenwärtigen Stand und die Herausforderungen von Open Science in der wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Forschung. |
| Abstract: | This study examines Open Science practices among economic researchers at German universities and research institutions. A total of 314 scientists from different economic disciplines took part in an online survey to answer questions about their attitudes, applications, barriers, and incentives in relation to Open Science. The need for support in this area was also identified. The results show an increasing acceptance and implementation of Open Science methods, with significant differences between different types of institutions. The management of research data, the use of Open Access publications, and the integration of Open Data and codes into the publication process were identified as key aspects. The study provides a comprehensive insight into the current landscape and challenges of open science in economic research. |
| Keywords: | Open Science, Open-Science-Praktiken, Open Access, Open Data, Reproduzierbarkeit, Transparenz, Wissenschaft |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esrepo:303026 |
| By: | Blau, Francine D. (Cornell University); Lynch, Lisa M. (Brandeis University) |
| Abstract: | This paper provides an overview of what has happened over the past fifty years for women as they worked to break through professional barriers in economics, policy, and institutional leadership. We chart the progress of women in higher education at the college level and beyond and then go on to examine women's representation at the upper levels of academia, government, law, medicine, and management. We begin our description of trends in 1972 when Title IX was enacted, prohibiting sex-based discrimination in federally funded educational programs. The data paint a picture of considerable progress but also persistent inequities. We then go on to consider possible explanations for the continuing gender differences and some of the empirical evidence on the factors identified. |
| Keywords: | labor economics, economics of gender, labor force trends, education, discrimination, women leadership |
| JEL: | J0 J01 J10 J16 J2 J21 J24 J7 J70 |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp17295 |
| By: | Ma, Mingye (University of Southampton); Riener, Gerhard (University of Southampton); Xu, Youzong (University of Nottingham Ningbo China) |
| Abstract: | We explore the role of self- and peer evaluations in education, with a particular emphasis on gender differences. We construct a model of (self-)deception to predict outcomes for scenarios with and without self-evaluation. By using unique data from a first-year economics class at a Sino-UK university, we examine how students assess their own and their peers' contributions to group projects under varying self-assessment conditions. Our findings reveal a significant self-serving bias across both genders, though with subtle distinctions. Women, despite greater societal recognition, exhibit smaller self-social evaluation gaps (SSEG). The variation in abstention rates between treatments is mainly attributed to lowerperforming males. These findings indicate that the possibility of self-assessment influences rating behavior, potentially exacerbating gender disparities and affecting gender equity. |
| Keywords: | higher education, incentives, field experiment, peer evaluation, gender |
| JEL: | D01 D91 I23 C93 |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp17267 |