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on South East Asia |
| By: | Rabia Bashir (School of Economics, Finance and Banking, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Muhammad Ahmad Author-2-Workplace-Name: Accounting and Finance, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Sultan Rehman Sherif Author-3-Workplace-Name: Business Management and Law, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | " Objective - The primary aim of this study is to investigate the effect of dynamic working capital (DWC) management on operational efficiency through operating expenses and operating margins across non-financial firms in emerging markets. Methodology/Technique – This study utilized generalized method of moments (GMM) to evaluate a comprehensive dataset of 438 firms from Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand for the period 2018 to 2023. Findings – DWC is measured study using both cash conversion cycle (CCC) and working capital ratio (WCR). Results show that optimized DWC management reduces operating expenses (OER) and increases operating margins (OMR). These findings highlight the importance of efficient working capital practices and liquidity management in emerging markets. Novelty – This study provides valuable insights for financial managers in emerging countries, advocating focused strategies on working capital cycles to strengthen operational efficiency and profitability. Type of Paper - Empirical" |
| Keywords: | Working capital management, Cash conversion cycle, working capital requirement, Operating efficiency, Emerging countries |
| JEL: | M13 M40 M49 |
| Date: | 2024–11–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jfbr224 |
| By: | Ebata, Ayako; Belton, Ben |
| Abstract: | Academic and policy debates on agriculture emphasize a bimodal typology of ‘small-scale’ and ‘large-scale’ farms. In this article, we draw attention to the role and distinct characteristics of medium-scale monogastric livestock farms in the Global South, drawing on an empirically grounded typology of scale that incorporates three linked components: (1) Social and economic organization of production; (2) Technological choice and environmental impacts, and; (3) Food system linkages and spillovers. We review national livestock sector policy documents from three Asian countries - Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Vietnam - with reference to the typology, and compare assumptions embedded in the policies with the characteristics of farm scale revealed by the typology. Our analysis indicates that current policy goals are not well aligned with the characteristics of medium-scale livestock farming in the region. This disconnect presents a missed opportunity to enhance the livestock sector’s contributions to rural economies, nutrition security, food safety, and environmental performance. We conclude with examples of how policies could maintain and enhance medium-scale monogastriclivestock farms’ contributions to sustainable intensification, public health, and livelihoods. |
| Keywords: | agriculture; typology; farm size; livestock; policies; rural economics; nutrition security; food safety; sustainability; Bangladesh; Myanmar; Vietnam; Southern Asia |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprwp:159541 |
| By: | Borgers, Timan (University of Michigan); Li, Jiangtao (Singapore Management University); Wang, Kexin (Singapore Management University) |
| Abstract: | We study the design of mechanisms when the designer faces multiple plausible scenarios and is uncertain about the true scenario. A mechanism is dominated by another if the latter performs at least as well in all plausible scenarios and strictly better in at least one. A mechanism is undominated if no other feasible mechanism dominates it. We show how analyzing undominated mechanisms could be useful and illustrate the tractability of characterizing such mechanisms. This approach provides an alternative criterion for mechanism design under non-Bayesian uncertainty, complementing existing methods. |
| Keywords: | Robust Mechanism Design; Undominated Mechanisms; Maxmin Approrach; Regret Minimization; Second-price Auction; Random Reserve Price |
| Date: | 2024–11–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:smuesw:2024_012 |
| By: | Ahmad Shabir Faizi; Weerachart Kilenthong |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the role of parenting styles in child development in rural Thailand using early childhood panel data. Our results from various specifications indicate that authoritarian parenting style was negatively and significantly associated with the child’s non-cognitive skills, while the results for cognitive skills were generally insignificant. These results imply that parenting styles affect non-cognitive skills but not cognitive skills of children aged between five and eleven years. However, we found that the impact of authoritative parenting is less conclusive. |
| Keywords: | Parenting style; Cognitive; Non-cognitive; Human capital; Child development; Developing country |
| JEL: | D91 J24 O15 |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pui:dpaper:225 |
| By: | Zhang Nian (Faculty of Management, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Author-2-Name: Logaiswari Indiran Author-2-Workplace-Name: Department of Marketing and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai Johor, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Zuraidah Sulaiman Author-3-Workplace-Name: "Department of Marketing and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai Johor, Malaysia " Author-4-Name: Maria Anityasari Author-4-Workplace-Name: Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Sukolilo Campus Surabaya Indonesia 60111 Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | " Objective - This study aims to investigate whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) promotes R&D investment, whether R&D investment promotes Total Factor Productivity (TFP), and whether R&D investment plays a mediating role in the impact CSR on TFP. Methodology/Technique – Based on the hypotheses, this study constructed the structural equation model, with CSR as the independent variable, TFP as the dependent variable, and R&D as the mediating variable. The control variables are capital investment (CAP), gearing (LEV) and return on assets (ROA). The causal relationship and the heterogeneity of regional and Senior managers attributes were analyzed using SPSS software. Findings – Based on all sample data and analyzed using SPSS, it is found that CSR in the solid waste treatment industry has a positive effect on R&D investment, and R&D investment has a positive effect on TFP. Meanwhile, R&D investment plays a mediating role in the impact of CSR on enterprises' TFPs. Novelty – The novelty of this paper lies in the fact that China's solid waste treatment industry was selected as the object of analysis, and the relationship between CSR and TFP as well as the mediating effect of R&D investment in this industry were analyzed. Type of Paper - Empirical" |
| Keywords: | Corporate Social Responsibility; Research and Development; Solid Waste Treatment Industry |
| JEL: | M14 O32 Q53 |
| Date: | 2024–11–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jfbr225 |
| By: | Drygalla, Andrej; Heinisch, Katja; Schult, Christoph |
| Abstract: | In a multi-sector and multi-region framework, this paper employs a dynamic general equilibrium model to analyze climate-resilient economic development (DGE-CRED) in Vietnam. We calibrate sector and region-specific damage functions and quantify climate variable impacts on productivity and capital formation for various shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs 119, 245, and 585). Our results based on simulations and cost-benefit analyses reveal a projected 5 percent reduction in annual GDP by 2050 in the SSP 245 scenario. Adaptation measures for the dyke system are crucial to mitigate the consumption gap, but they alone cannot sufficiently address it. Climate-induced damages to agriculture and labor productivity are the primary drivers of consumption reductions, underscoring the need for focused adaptation measures in the agricultural sector and strategies to reduce labor intensity as vital policy considerations for Vietnam's response to climate change. |
| Keywords: | adaptation, climate change, cost-benefit analysis, dynamic general equilibrium models |
| JEL: | E17 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:iwhtrp:306350 |
| By: | Abigail S. Hornstein (Department of Economics, Wesleyan University) |
| Abstract: | Foreign direct investment (FDI) may represent an expansion in the domestic capital supply, which could thus increase GDP growth through the investment and consumption sectors and generate productivity increases. We examine this hypothesis by looking earlier in the investment process and use little-known data on FDI approvals from ten Asian countries that have routinely required advance approval of FDI and have also disclosed this data. We show that the approved FDI predicts actual FDI inflows, and that on average more FDI is approved than realized. The approved FDI is used to create an FDI commitment ratio and gap, which are thus absolute and relative measures of how FDI pledges are fulfilled. We then examine how the host economy is affected by the FDI commitment ratio and gap using an Arellano-Bond dynamic panel estimator to examine an unbalanced dataset spanning 1967–2022. We find GDP growth forecasts are significantly affected by both FDI measures. However, actual GDP growth is affected negatively by the FDI gap, with the effects strongest at the 3-year horizon. Thus, we show that FDI initially displaces domestic capital before expanding the domestic capital supply. |
| Keywords: | foreign direct investment, economic growth, household consumption, productivity, financial development |
| JEL: | F21 F23 G18 G31 |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wes:weswpa:2024-012 |
| By: | Pongsak Luangaram; Yuthana Sethapramote; Kannika Thampanishvong; Gazi Salah Uddin |
| Abstract: | Understanding the impact of climate risks on financial stability is crucial for ensuring the resilience of banking sectors, particularly in economies exposed to climate change. This paper investigates how transition and physical risks influence systemic risk in Thailand’s banking sector. Transition risks are analyzed using the Fama-French multi-factor asset pricing model to estimate the risk premium of brown industries relative to green industries, termed Brown-minus-Green (BMG). Physical risks are assessed using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), an indicator of flood and drought conditions. Systemic risk at the bank level is measured using conditional value-at-risk (CoVaR). Panel regressions are employed to examine the relationship between climate risks and systemic risk. The results reveal that transition risks, as captured by the BMG factor, significantly heighten systemic risk among Thai banks, emphasizing their critical role in financial vulnerabilities. Additionally, physical risks, particularly those associated with flood exposure, create substantial challenges for bank portfolios. These findings highlight the importance of integrating transition and physical risk indicators into regulatory monitoring frameworks to enhance financial stability. Furthermore, Thai commercial banks can apply these insights to conduct climate stress tests and develop strategies for managing climate-related risks more effectively. |
| Keywords: | climate risk; Systemic risk; Thailand; Banking sector; BMG; SPEI; CoVar |
| JEL: | C58 G12 G21 Q54 |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pui:dpaper:224 |
| By: | Minh Tam Bui; Ivo Vlaev; Katsushi Imai |
| Abstract: | Ageing society poses an increasing need for elderly care and the essential role of unpaid family care in developing countries where more care burdens are imposed on women. Literature on the driver of gender care gap is limited and its association with social gender norms is both understudied and hardly measured/quantified. Using time-use data in 2014-15 and Labor Force Survey data in 2013-15 from Thailand, we first construct an altruistic time ratio for the whole sample to measure the extent to which individuals spend time on unpaid activities for others than themselves. We found that significant gender gaps in providing eldercare are associated with gender differences in altruistic time ratio. To consider the non-random selection for the elderly care, we then estimate the Tobit model with propensity score matching (PSM) for both elderly carers and non-carers and found that the social gender norm, defined as the district-level gender difference in the modes of altruistic time ratio, explains why women are more burdened with elderly care than men. To examine the underlying mechanisms behind women’s time burden, we estimate a simultaneous equation Tobit consisting of elderly care time, leisure time, and time for paid work. The results show that the social gender norm indirectly reduces elderly care time for women by significantly reducing leisure time and paid work time, while the direct effect is dominant for men. The trade-off between paid work time and elderly care time is similar for men and for women, while that between leisure time and elderly care time is greater for men. Associations between elderly care and altruism or peer pressure imply that behavioural changes with a focus on social norms and social policies inducing such changes are important to achieve more gender-equitable eldercare provision besides the state provision of long-term care. |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:man:sespap:2403 |
| By: | The SMERU Research Institute; GIZ; Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford |
| Keywords: | Keterampilan digital, Sektor publik, Sistem pemerintahan berbasis elektronik, Pegawai negeri sipil, Aparatur sipil negara |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:agg:wpaper:3308 |
| By: | The SMERU Research Institute; GIZ; Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford |
| Keywords: | digital skills, Public sector, e-Government, Civil servant, State civil apparatus |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:agg:wpaper:3307 |
| By: | Imelda (Geneva Graduate Institute (IHEID), Department of International Economics); Anna Lou Abatayo (Environmental Economics and Natural Resources Group, Wageningen University and Research); Budy Resusodarmo (Australian National University, Arndt-Corden Department of Economics, Crawford School of Public Policy) |
| Abstract: | The timing of payment can enhance salience, making customers more price-responsive when paying before consumption rather than after. This study examines Indonesia’s nationwide switch to prepaid electricity metering, impacting over 40 million households. We find that prepaid metering users are twice as price-elastic as postpaid users. We also find a positive willingness to pay for prepaid metering, suggesting consumer welfare gains. As prices rise, prepaid metering reduces excess burden by 1.5% and CO2 emissions by nearly 6%. These findings suggest prepaid meters can support climate policy goals by promoting energy conservation without imposing significant burdens on consumers. |
| Keywords: | electricity; prepayment; elasticity; salience; energy conservation |
| JEL: | Q41 Q48 I30 |
| Date: | 2024–12–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gii:giihei:heidwp22-2024 |
| By: | Liudas Giraitis (Queen Mary University of London, School of Economics and Finance); George Kapetanios (King's College London); Yufei Li (King's College London); Tien Chuong Nguyen (Vietnam National University) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores a semiparametric version of a time-varying regression, where a subset of the regressors have a fixed coefficient and the rest a time-varying one. We provide an estimation method and establish associated theoretical properties of the estimates and standard errors in extended for heterogeneity regression space. In particular, we show that the estimator of the fixed regression coefficient preserves the parametric rate of convergence, and that, despite of general heterogenous environment, the asymptotic normality property for components of regression parameters can be established and the estimators of standard errors have the same form as those given by White (1980). The theoretical properties of the estimator and good finite sample performance are confirmed by Monte Carlo experiments and illustrated by an empirical example on forecasting. |
| Keywords: | structural change, time-varying parameters, non-parametric estimation |
| JEL: | C13 C14 C50 |
| Date: | 2024–12–18 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qmw:qmwecw:985 |