|
on South East Asia |
| By: | Tim Hartwig; Trung Thanh Nguyen |
| Abstract: | We examine the association between infrastructure and a household’s resilience capacity against shocks and the impacts of a household’s resilience capacity on household consumption and poverty. We use panel data (collected in 2010, 2013, and 2016) from 1, 698 households in Thailand and 1, 701 households in Vietnam and employ an instrumental variable approach. We find that transportation and information and communication technology infrastructure help improve households’ absorptive capacity in coping with shocks. Furthermore, this capacity can prevent households from reducing consumption and falling into poverty. Thus, rural development policies should attend to transportation and information and communication technology infrastructure. |
| Keywords: | Infrastructure, Resilience capacity, Poverty, Instrumental variable, Thailand, Vietnam |
| JEL: | D01 O12 Q12 |
| Date: | 2022–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tvs:wpaper:wp-029&r=sea |
| By: | , MUH.WAHYU.M |
| Abstract: | Dekonsentrasi pemerintah daerah dan pemberdayaan masyarakat sangat penting dalam konteks pembangunan Indonesia untuk memastikan pembangunan yang adil dan berkelanjutan di seluruh negeri. Indonesia masih memiliki sejumlah masalah yang harus diselesaikan sebelum dekonsentrasi pemerintah daerah dan pemberdayaan masyarakat dapat dilaksanakan secara penuh, antara lain kurangnya koordinasi antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah, masalah birokrasi dan korupsi, serta kekurangan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas di sana. Oleh karena itu, dalam rangka pelaksanaan rencana pembangunan di daerah diperlukan penguatan koordinasi dan sinergi antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah serta peningkatan keterbukaan, akuntabilitas, dan kualitas sumber daya manusia di daerah. Hal ini dimaksudkan agar dengan melakukan hal-hal tersebut inisiatif pembangunan daerah dapat berjalan dengan efisien dan efektif serta kualitas hidup penduduk daerah akan meningkat. |
| Date: | 2023–04–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:vh8br&r=sea |
| By: | Wijaya, Frederick Aldo |
| Abstract: | Ulasan ini mengkaji berbagai studi terkait manajemen keuangan dan pajak pada perusahaan non-keuangan di Indonesia. Berfokus pada karya Hananto dan beberapa artikel dari Emerald, ulasan ini mengkaji pengaruh berbagai faktor seperti good corporate governance, earnings management, pengungkapan CSR, karakteristik perusahaan multinasional, thin capitalization, tax amnesty, kemampuan manajerial, dan tata kelola perusahaan terhadap fenomena seperti expense stickiness, harga saham, penghindaran pajak, dan risiko kegagalan harga saham. Ulasan ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif untuk menghasilkan temuan yang objektif dan relevan bagi praktisi dan pemangku kepentingan. Hasil ulasan menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor seperti good corporate governance, tax amnesty, dan CSR mempengaruhi expense stickiness, penghindaran pajak, dan harga saham. Selain itu, kemampuan manajerial dan tata kelola perusahaan juga berpengaruh terhadap risiko pajak dan penghindaran pajak jangka panjang. Dalam konteks Indonesia, CEO pendiri atau keturunan tidak mempengaruhi hubungan antara penghindaran pajak dan risiko masa depan perusahaan. Ulasan ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi perusahaan, investor, dan otoritas pajak dalam mengoptimalkan tata kelola perusahaan dan kebijakan pajak. |
| Date: | 2023–04–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:r7yqa&r=sea |
| By: | Amrita Kulka; Till Nikolka; Panu Poutvaara; Silke Uebelmesser |
| Abstract: | We analyze perceptions of international applicability of one’s education and migration aspirations and intentions among university students in Czechia, India, Indonesia, Italy, Mexico, the Netherlands, and Spain. Students in law perceive their education least internationally applicable. Perceived international applicability strongly predicts migration aspirations and intentions also after controlling for study fields, individual characteristics, and university fixed effects. Furthermore, among those not studying law, hours spent studying are increasing with perceived international applicability of one’s education. Our findings are consistent with predictions from a model in which students invest in their education before learning their mobility status. . |
| Keywords: | education, migration, migration aspirations |
| JEL: | F22 I21 J24 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_10395&r=sea |
| By: | Thanh-Tung Nguyen; Trung Thanh Nguyen; Ulrike Grote |
| Abstract: | The use of the internet is growing rapidly and has become an engine for economic development. However, few studies have examined the impact of internet use on agricultural production, and the results are not yet conclusive. Employing a dataset of more than 2, 000 observations in rural Vietnam, our study analyses the impact of internet use on agricultural productivity using the heteroskedasticity-based instrument approach suggested by Lewbel (2012) and examines the heterogeneity and distribution of the impact using quantile regressions. Our results show that internet use has significant and positive effects on agricultural productivity. However, these effects are heterogeneous across population groups. The positive effects of internet use are stronger for households with a lower level of education, with a young and female head, and from ethnic minorities. The benefits are also found to be skewed towards the group of farmers at the bottom of the productivity distribution. Therefore, we propose facilitating the diffusion of the internet, since it not only boosts agricultural productivity, but also reduces productivity inequality. In addition, we recommend promoting rural education, supporting local markets, investing more in irrigation systems, and facilitating farm mechanisation. |
| Keywords: | Rural household, Instrumental variable, Quantile regression, Vietnam |
| JEL: | Q11 D63 O30 |
| Date: | 2023–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tvs:wpaper:wp-031&r=sea |
| By: | Oliver Schulte; Julian Mumber; Trung Thanh Nguyen |
| Abstract: | Poverty remains a substantial threat in rural areas of many developing countries, and solving this problem requires an in-depth understanding of the income generating capacity that determines poverty. This paper examines the impact of agricultural commercialization on the capability of rural households to accumulate assets and on structural and multidimensional poverty. A longitudinal dataset of around 2000 households with a total of 9781 observations from five rural surveys undertaken in the period 2008 - 2017 in Vietnam is used. Results from a fixed effects regression with an instrumental variable and a control function approach show that agricultural commercialization has a positive effect on the accumulation of assets and reduces multidimensional and structural poverty over time. However, the effect is not homogeneous and larger for households not mainly engaged in rice commercialization. This suggests that commercialization can be a path out of poverty, especially if policy makers move towards utilizing other crops instead of rice. |
| Keywords: | Asset growth, Asset-based income, Commercialization, Fixed effects, Instrumental variable, Control function |
| JEL: | C21 I32 Q12 Q13 |
| Date: | 2023–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tvs:wpaper:wp-032&r=sea |
| By: | Dita Rari Dwi, Dita Rari; Basuki, Teguh Iman |
| Abstract: | The Covid 19 pandemic is a situation that illustrates the uncertainty of economic conditions nationally and globally and has an impact on how individuals should react to it in financial terms. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of financial literacy and mental accounting on financial decisions and spending interests in the COVID-19 pandemic situation based on prospect theory and behavioural life-cycle theory. The results of research on lecturers and staff respondents at STIE Equity Bandung - Indonesia, the SEM-PLS analysis results show that financial literacy and mental accounting have an effect on financial decisions, and only mental accounting has an effect on shopping interest. In terms of prospect theory, the research findings found that in pandemic situations, individuals generally behave in risk-aversion behaviour. Meanwhile, in the viewpoint of the behavioural life-cycle theory, individuals view money as current assets with precautionary reasons. |
| Keywords: | Financial literacy, financial decisions, mental accounting, shopping interest, Financial literacy, financial decisions, mental accounting, shopping interest |
| JEL: | G0 G02 |
| Date: | 2022–05–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:117298&r=sea |
| By: | Yusuf, Alvin Saputra |
| Abstract: | Tax Avoidance merupakan praktik legal untuk meminimalkan pajak dengan memanfaatkan hukum dan insentif pajak. Tax Avoidance berbeda dengan penggelapan pajak, yang ilegal. Wajib pajak dapat mencapai penghindaran pajak melalui metode seperti potongan pajak, kredit pajak, dan menggunakan struktur legal seperti trust dan kemitraan. Dalam review artikel ini mencatat bahwa penghindaran pajak telah menjadi kontroversial dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, dengan beberapa berpendapat bahwa itu tidak etis dan memindahkan beban pajak ke wajib pajak yang tidak dapat melakukan perencanaan pajak. Penulis menggunakan teknologi AI yang disebut Chat GPT dari OpenAI untuk meninjau berbagai artikel terkait pajak dan memberikan hasil yang dapat diandalkan dan relevan. Penulis juga mengakui keterbatasan AI dan memeriksa kembali hasilnya. Pada bagian akhir artikel, diakhiri dengan ringkasan temuan penelitian terkait pajak di Indonesia, termasuk perencanaan pajak yang efektif dan risiko kejatuhan saham. |
| Date: | 2023–05–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:xm7s9&r=sea |
| By: | Manzano, Andrea (IHE - The Swedish Institute for Health Economics); Hofmarcher, Thomas (IHE - The Swedish Institute for Health Economics) |
| Abstract: | Breast cancer is a major and growing public health concern in the Asia-Pacific region. One of the most aggressive and challenging subtypes of breast cancer is triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), accounting for 9–13% of all breast cancer cases. This report takes a closer look at challenges and opportunities to improve the care of TNBC in Asia-Pacific, with a focus on Australia, Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand. <p> TNBC is often diagnosed at a late stage when the tumor has already started to spread and when survival chances are low. Early detection – through self-detection and screening – is therefore imperative. Current challenges for early detection of TNBC in Asia-Pacific include: <p> • Unawareness of early signs of breast cancer and cultural beliefs about cancer resulting in a reluctance to consult health care services upon noticing symptoms <p> • Absence of organized population-based screening programs <p> • Non-participation in screening programs due to various misconceptions <p> TNBC is the most difficult-to-treat subtype of breast cancer irrespective of stage at diagnosis. Alongside surgery and radiation therapy, chemotherapy used to be the only treatment option in TNBC. The recent introduction of immunotherapy and targeted therapy (for patients with BRCA mutations) is currently changing the treatment landscape. Timely breast diagnostics and appropriate treatment are vital to enhance the survival prospects of patients. Current challenges in the areas of diagnostics and treatment of TNBC in Asia-Pacific include: <p> • Geographical barriers to access diagnostic imaging services <p> • Uncoordinated organization of diagnostic testing <p> • High patient copayments for cancer care services <p> • Slow adoption of new treatment approaches in clinical practice <p> Broad recommendations to improve the care of TNBC patients in the Asia-Pacific region include efforts to raise health literacy to facilitate early detection, ensure optimal care delivery along the entire patient pathway, and adoption of innovation in clinical practice. Improving the quality of care – from early detection to diagnostics and treatment – has wider positive implications for society, including effects on health systems, work life, family life, the need for informal care, and the economy. |
| Keywords: | Breast cancer; TNBC; screening; medicines; immunotherapy; BRCA; Australia; Hong Kong; South Korea; Taiwan; Thailand |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:ihewps:2023_003&r=sea |
| By: | Inero Ancho, Inero Ancho (University of the Philippines Los Baños) |
| Abstract: | Advocating inclusive and equitable quality education (SGD 4: Quality Education) is central to sustainable development efforts anchored on collaboration and partnership that enable the policy-to-impact synergy. Agencies and institutions in various levels need to align motivations as they work towards realizing education for sustainable development (ESD). As education fuels sustainable development, school access and completion need to be prioritized, as wealth inequality and gender gap are eliminated. Human capital investment involves the provision of relevant and responsive education systems and training. These mechanisms enable an individual to be productive and contribute to positive outcomes, improved standard of living, and potential gains. As a core element to growth and poverty reduction, human capital suggests implementing significant and concrete progress in core education indices. Further, sustained economic growth, increased productivity value, and favorable social returnsare manifested outcomes at the macro level. This paper looks at the ODA from Korea to the Philippines in the context of education. The discussion will be anchored on the Philippine Development Plan and AmBisyon Natin 2040 as roadmaps reflecting the aspirations of every Filipino of having a strongly rooted, comfortable, and secured life.1 Observations and inputs will be offered to ensure effective ODA and provide focus and ways forward towards access to and quality of education, along with programs and projects that contribute into any meaningful development of the Philippine economy. |
| Keywords: | Official Development Assistance; the Philippine Education |
| Date: | 2023–03–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kiepwe:2023_006&r=sea |
| By: | Yang, Fionna |
| Abstract: | Artikel ini membahas tentang beberapa penelitian terkait dengan topik integrasi CSR, environmental management accounting, dan management control. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis terhadap artikel yang telah ditulis oleh Dianne Frisko Koan selama tahun 2020-2017 yang memiliki topik pembahasan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis dokumen menggunakan ChatGPT. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan berbagai hal yang berguna bagi praktisi bisnis dan akademisi di Indonesia, termasuk rekomendasi dan strategi untuk meningkatkan kinerja keuangan, reputasi perusahaan, dan praktik bisnis yang berkelanjutan. |
| Date: | 2023–04–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:9avyr&r=sea |
| By: | Ji Young Kang; Wonjin Lee; Sunyu Ham; Julia Shu-Huah Wang |
| Abstract: | This study examines how and to what extent a couple’s education is associated with married women’s employment and the motherhood penalty in 10 countries. We use data from the Luxembourg Income Study and the Korean Labor & Income Panel Study (2013). Overall, Denmark and Norway show the highest level of married women’s employment and no motherhood penalty. Our findings support the opportunity cost perspective, in general, that highly educated women are more likely to participate in work than less educated women, except in Germany, Korea, and Japan. The social capital and gender-egalitarian perspectives hold for the United States and Italy. We also find significant variation in married women’s employment in East Asian countries. Married Korean women are less likely to be employed than in China and Taiwan, while Japanese women are the least employed among husband high – wife high education couples. |
| Date: | 2022–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lis:liswps:834&r=sea |
| By: | Nguyen, Minh-Hoang |
| Abstract: | Biodiversity provides many benefits to humans in general and urban residents in particular. However, the rising population, income, and wildlife product consumption demands contribute to the deliberately organized illegal wildlife trade expansion. Protected areas are designated mainly for biodiversity conservation but face financial constraints for management activities. The increased illegal wildlife trade and lack of financing in protected areas can negatively affect biodiversity levels. Thus, the current dissertation is dedicated to answering the question: “How can we mitigate biodiversity loss in protected areas by better involving urban residents in biodiversity conservation?” To answer this question, the dissertation comprises three studies and data collection about the psychology and behaviors related to biodiversity and conservation among urban residents. |
| Date: | 2023–03–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:thesis:z2hjv&r=sea |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | This is a summary report concerning a remotely delivered capacity development (CD) activity by Mr. Joshua Aslett (IMF Fiscal Affairs Department (FAD), Mr. Andy Ditchfield and Mr. Steve Howlin (FAD Short Term Experts (STX)) to the General Department of Taxation (GDT) of Vietnam during the period September 22 to December 15, 2022. The purpose of this CD was to consolidate and build on the compliance risk management (CRM) theory training delivered in June 20211 by practically applying those CRM principles to the tourism sector to create a tourism sector compliance improvement plan (CIP). This remotely delivered activity will be followed by onsite assistance in February 2023 at which time the tourism CIP will be completed. |
| Date: | 2023–04–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:2023/151&r=sea |
| By: | KWAK, Sungil (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP)); CHO, Seungjin (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP)); CHEONG, Jaewan (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP)); LEE, Jaeho (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP)); SHIN, Mingeum (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP)); Park, Nayoun (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP)); KIM, So Eun (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP)) |
| Abstract: | In recent years, the U.S.-China hegemony competition has intensified, dividing the world into two blocs. ASEAN has long culti-vated its position on the international stage by maintaining a certain distance between the United States and China. In that sense, ASEAN is the best partner for Korea to ef-fectively respond to the divided world. Therefore, this study seeks the directions of cooperation with ASEAN in supply chain, digital trade, climate change response, and health and development cooperation in line with changes in the international order. |
| Keywords: | ASEAN trade strategies; RoK-ASEAN cooperation |
| Date: | 2023–03–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kiepwe:2023_009&r=sea |
| By: | Han, Bada (Economic Research Institute, Bank of Korea); Ahmed, Rashad (US Department of the Treasury); Jinjarak, Yothin (Asian Development Bank); Aizenman, Joshua (University of Southern California) |
| Abstract: | This paper reviews the patterns of sectoral debts and growth and the mechanisms explaining the adverse effects of debt burdens on growth rates. The empirical analysis covers a sample of 55 emerging and frontier market economies. Future economic growth is more sensitive to rising household debt than corporate debt. However, these effects are highly heterogenous across economies and depend on relative income. For the developing economies with a gross domestic product per capita in 2010 below $10, 000 (purchasing power parity-adjusted in 2017 international dollar), the coefficients of all types of sectoral debts are negative and significant at least at the 5% level. For developing economies at higher income levels, household debts matter more than other sectoral debts for subsequent economic growth. |
| Keywords: | household debts; corporate debts; public debts; financial stability; credit cycles |
| JEL: | E44 F34 G51 H63 |
| Date: | 2023–05–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbewp:0680&r=sea |
| By: | Menglan Wang; Manh Hung Do |
| Abstract: | Understanding households’ resilience strategies under uncertainties is important in several domains including social protection, adaptation to climate change, minimizing disaster-related risks, and humanitarian aid. At the same time, food security is an important problem for developing countries, especially in places where are vulnerable to external shocks. We use the data of 1648 identical households from Thailand collected in 2010, 2013, and 2016 to examine the factors affecting households’ resilience capacities and the impacts of these capacities on household consumption and crop commercialization. We employ savings per capita as households’ absorptive capacity and income diversification index as households’ adaptive capacity. We take into account household consumption and crop commercialization as the indicators of local food systems. Our results show that the experience of shocks in previous years positively correlates with households’ saving per capita and income diversification. Further, a better absorptive capacity in the form of better savings and a better adaptive capacity in the form of higher income diversification have a significant and positive influence on household expenditure per capita and crop commercialization. Therefore, development policies and programs aiming to improve income, increase savings, and provide income diversification opportunities are strongly recommended. |
| Keywords: | Absorptive capacity, Adaptive capacity, Crop commercialization, Panel data, Instrumental variable |
| JEL: | C33 Q00 Q12 |
| Date: | 2023–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tvs:wpaper:wp-030&r=sea |
| By: | Matthieu Clément (BSE - Bordeaux Sciences Economiques - UB - Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Eric Rougier (BSE - Bordeaux Sciences Economiques - UB - Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Jean-Philippe Berrou (LAM - Les Afriques dans le monde - IEP Bordeaux - Sciences Po Bordeaux - Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Bordeaux - UBM - Université Bordeaux Montaigne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); François Combarnous (BSE - Bordeaux Sciences Economiques - UB - Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Dominique Darbon (LAM - Les Afriques dans le monde - IEP Bordeaux - Sciences Po Bordeaux - Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Bordeaux - UBM - Université Bordeaux Montaigne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | The term "middle class" is increasingly used to qualify the mass of people in developing countries who are neither poor nor rich and share consumption patterns historically associated with the western middle class. However, what differentiates them from the ideal-typical middle class, as well as the extent to which emerging middle classes differ across developing countries, has only been marginally documented by economists to date. This article proposes to scratch beneath the surface of the so-called middle-class that is burgeoning in developing countries by documenting the commonalities and differences hidden by the all-encompassing term of "middle class" for a set of developing countries exhibiting different levels of income, economic structures and socio-political systems: Brazil, Côte d'Ivoire, Turkey and Vietnam. Relying on quantitative and qualitative micro-economic data, our paper compares the objective characteristics (occupation, education, income), behavior and subjective expectations of the people standing in the middle of the income distribution in the four countries. Four main research questions structure the paper. Where is the middle? How is the middle specific? Who is in the middle? What does the middle aspire to? Results show that the middle-income group in each country covers distinct realities. Although some similar characteristics and behaviors are observable, our results reveal a strong heterogeneity within each national middle class, with no fewer than four to seven socio-economic subgroups, and strong country-specific traits as most of the subgroups are deeply rooted in the country's specific historical trajectory. In each country, our analysis also unveils a pattern of bipolarization between a rather affluent and stable middle class and a "new" or more vulnerable one. Finally, middle class members appear to be characterized by an individualist positioning and the absence of a marked political commitment, challenging the common assumption that developing countries' middle classes are agents of political change. |
| Keywords: | Social stratification, Income distribution, Middle class, Clustering, Qualitative surveys |
| Date: | 2022–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03773056&r=sea |
| By: | , Anwar; , Suhadarliyah; , Mariana; rahmawati, christina heti tri; Amelia, Dahlia; Fariantin, Erviva; Murjana, I Made; , Faisol; , Sushardi; Gunawan, Ce |
| Abstract: | Kegiatan wirausaha berbasis UMKM memberikan kontribusi bagi pertumbuhan perekonomian Indonesia. Selain sebagai jaring pengaman masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah, UMKM nyatanya juga membantu pemerintah dalam memperluas kesempatan dan penyerapan tenaga kerja. Namun demikian masih banyak masyarakat yang kurang memahami bagaimana cara berwirausaha, mulai dari persiapan usaha, bentuk pengelolaan, hingga beberapa aspek legalitas usaha yang perlu diperhatikan. Menjawab hal di atas, maka buku ini hadir untuk membantu para pembacanya yang ingin memahami konseptual dasar kewirausahaan dalam lingkup UMKM dengan pembahasan yang lugas dan mudah dipahami. Adapun isi pembahasan dalam buku ini terdiri dari 15 bab yang saling terhubung, yaitu: Pengenalan Kewirausahaan dan UMKM; Analisis Pasar dan Pemahaman Pelanggan; Menyusun Perencanaan Bisnis; Manajemen Sumber Daya Modal dan Kerja; Pemasaran dan Promosi untuk UMKM; Dasar Manajemen Produksi dan Operasional; Dasar-dasar Manajemen Keuangan; Pembuatan Produk dan Inovasi; Manajemen Risiko dan Mitigasi; Pemanfaatan Website dan E-Commerce; Pengembangan Kompetensi Kewirausahaan; Pengembangan Bisnis dan Ekspansi Pasar; Networking dan Kerjasama Bisnis; Legalitas dan Perlindungan Hukum untuk UMKM; Pemberdayaan Ekonomi dan Perempuan dalam UMKM. |
| Date: | 2023–05–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:thesis:mpc3t&r=sea |
| By: | Banning, Maximilian; Großmann, Anett; Heinisch, Katja; Hohmann, Frank; Lutz, Christian; Schult, Christoph |
| Abstract: | In recent years, the impacts of climate change become increasingly evident, both in magnitude and frequency. The design and implementation of adequate climate adaptation policies play an important role in the macroeconomic policy discourse to assess the impact of climate change on regional and sectoral economic growth. We propose different modelling approaches to quantify the socio-economic impacts of climate change and design specific adaptations in three emerging market economies (Kazakhstan, Georgia and Vietnam) which belong to the areas that are heavily exposed to climate change. A Dynamic General Equilibrium (DGE) model has been used for Vietnam and economy-energy-emission (E3) models for the other two countries. Our modelling results show how different climate hazards impact the economy up to the year 2050. Adaptation measures in particular in the agricultural sector have positive implications for the gross domestic product (GDP). However, some adaptation measures can even increase greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, the focus on GDP as the main indicator to evaluate policy measures can produce welfare-reducing policy decisions. |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:iwhstu:22023&r=sea |
| By: | , Ethel |
| Abstract: | Meandering Sobriety is a book that harmoniously combines humor and wisdom. The stories in the book not only entertain the reader but also encourage self-reflection and personal growth. This harmony provides readers with a respite from the stress of everyday life, and invites them to reflect on the deeper aspects of their existence. |
| Date: | 2023–04–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:6qaex&r=sea |
| By: | Jessie Jiaxu Wang |
| Abstract: | Using an occupational probability of computerization, we measure a firm’s ability to replace labor with automated capital. Our evidence suggests that the potential to automate a workforce enhances operating flexibility, allowing firms to hold less precautionary cash. To provide evidence for this mechanism, we exploit the 2011–2012 Thailand hard drive crisis as an exogenous shock to the cost of automation. In addition, the negative relation between prospective automation and cash holdings is greater for firms with a lower expected cost of worker displacement and greater labor-induced operating leverage. |
| Keywords: | Automation; Operating flexibility; Corporate liquidity policy; Substitutability of labor with automated capital; Labor-induced operating leverage |
| JEL: | G32 G35 J23 O33 |
| Date: | 2023–04–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedgfe:2023-23&r=sea |
| By: | Noam Angrist; Micheal Ainomugisha; Sai Pramod Bathena; Peter Bergman; Colin Crossley; Claire Cullen; Thato Letsomo; Moitshepi Matsheng; Rene Marlon Panti; Shwetlena Sabarwal; Tim Sullivan |
| Abstract: | Education systems need to withstand frequent shocks, including conflict, disease, natural disasters, and climate events, all of which routinely close schools. During these emergencies, alternative models are needed to deliver education. However, rigorous evaluation of effective educational approaches in these settings is challenging and rare, especially across multiple countries. We present results from large-scale randomized trials evaluating the provision of education in emergency settings across five countries: India, Kenya, Nepal, Philippines, and Uganda. We test multiple scalable models of remote instruction for primary school children during COVID-19, which disrupted education for over 1 billion schoolchildren worldwide. Despite heterogeneous contexts, results show that the effectiveness of phone call tutorials can scale across contexts. We find consistently large and robust effect sizes on learning, with average effects of 0.30-0.35 standard deviations. These effects are highly cost-effective, delivering up to four years of high-quality instruction per $100 spent, ranking in the top percentile of education programs and policies. In a subset of trials, we randomized whether the intervention was provided by NGO instructors or government teachers. Results show similar effects, indicating scalability within government systems. These results reveal it is possible to strengthen the resilience of education systems, enabling education provision amidst disruptions, and to deliver cost-effective learning gains across contexts and with governments. |
| JEL: | I20 I24 O15 |
| Date: | 2023–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:31208&r=sea |
| By: | Hung, Dang Ngoc |
| Abstract: | Bài báo xem xét ảnh hưởng của chất lượng dồn tích đến giá trị của các doanh nghiệp niêm yết ở Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu sử dụng phương pháp hồi quy tác động cố định, tác động ngẫn nhiên và hồi quy tổng quát, với dữ liệu thu thập trong giai đoạn 2010 - 2020, với 6847 quan sát. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã phát hiện chất lượng dồn tích có ảnh hưởng ngược chiều chiều đến giá trị doanh nghiệp. Ngoài ra, nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy quy mô doanh nghiệp và khả năng sinh lời có ảnh hưởng thuận chiều đến giá trị doanh nghiệp, trái lại đòn bẩy tài chính ảnh hưởng ngược chiều đến giá trị doanh nghiệp. Các kết quả nghiên cứu thực nghiệm là cơ sở hữu ích giúp doanh nghiệp nâng cao giá trị, từ đó giúp doanh nghiệp cần xem xét các việc cung cấp thông tinh, nâng cao tính minh bạch và nâng cao chất lượng báo cáo tài chính. |
| Date: | 2023–02–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:jr276&r=sea |
| By: | Darmadjie, Fiant Theddy |
| Abstract: | Konflik antara pekerjaan dan keluarga dapat menyebabkan kelelahan emosional dan stres kerja, yang dapat berdampak negatif pada kinerja karyawan. Artikel ini membahas pengaruh konflik pekerjaan-keluarga terhadap kelelahan emosional dan stres kerja, serta dampaknya pada kinerja karyawan. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner yang disebarkan pada 100 karyawan di perusahaan swasta di Indonesia. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konflik pekerjaan-keluarga berpengaruh signifikan pada kelelahan emosional dan stres kerja, dan kelelahan emosional dan stres kerja berpengaruh signifikan pada kinerja karyawan. Dalam hal ini, kelelahan emosional mempengaruhi kinerja secara negatif, sedangkan stres kerja mempengaruhi kinerja secara positif. Implikasi dari temuan ini adalah pentingnya perusahaan dalam menyediakan program keseimbangan kerja dan kehidupan pribadi, serta strategi manajemen stres untuk mengurangi dampak negatif konflik pekerjaan-keluarga pada kinerja karyawan. |
| Date: | 2023–04–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:dtn6y&r=sea |
| By: | Sugiarto, Celline |
| Abstract: | Perkembangan zaman menjadi salah satu hal yang mempengaruhi perkembangan teknologi. Salah satu aplikasi atau sistem yang sedang popular yaitu ChatGPT. Dalam penelitian ini dimanfaatkan kegunaan ChatGPT untuk melakukan review terhadap beberapa jurnal dalam bidang yang sama. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penulis dalam bidang ekonomi cenderung melakukan penelitian dengan metode kuantitatif dan melakukan uji sampel serta mengolah data sehingga mencapai kesimpulan yang tepat. Kata kunci: literature, tax, economic, dan business. |
| Date: | 2023–04–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:2kpjq&r=sea |
| By: | Wirjoadikusumo, Shannon |
| Abstract: | Tax amnesty adalah program pemerintah yang memberikan kesempatan kepada wajib pajak untuk melaporkan dan membayar pajak yang belum dilaporkan dan belum dibayar tanpa dikenakan sanksi administratif dan pidana. Sedangkan penghindaran pajak adalah suatu skema penghindaran pajak untuk tujuan meminimalkan beban pajak dengan memanfaatkan celah ketentuan perpajakan. Salah satu bentuk kontribusi perusahaan dalam CSR adalah dengan membayar pajak sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku. GCG adalah tata kelola perusahaan yang baik dan transparan, yang mencakup hubungan antara pemegang saham, dewan direksi, manajemen, dan stakeholders lainnya. Earnings management dan penerapan prinsip-prinsip GCG mempengaruhi expense stickiness pada perusahaan. Kedua faktor, yaitu karakteristik multi nasionalitas dan thin capitalization, memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap effective tax rate pada perusahaan-perusahaan di Indonesia. Terdapat hubungan positif antara pengungkapan CSR dan harga saham perusahaan. Dalam mengukur kepatuhan pajak, moral pajak dan tax evasion intention adalah konsep yang penting. Kepribadian conscientiousness dan agreeableness mempengaruhi perilaku seseorang terhadap pajak. |
| Date: | 2023–05–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:p89zc&r=sea |
| By: | Nguyen, Minh-Hoang; Hoang, Giang |
| Abstract: | “Meandering Sobriety” (tạm dịch “Lang thang trong sự tỉnh thức”) của tác giả Vương Quân Hoàng (Trường Đại học Phenikaa và thành viên Hội đồng biên tập Tạp chí Kinh tế và Dự báo) đã trở thành tựa sách nhận được nhiều đơn hàng nhất tại Amazon Bestseller trong hạng mục sách Triết học. |
| Date: | 2023–04–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:3a5jq&r=sea |
| By: | Khuc, Quy Van |
| Abstract: | Hiện nay tôi đang sở hữu cuốn sách bói cá (The Kingfisher Story Collection) của nhà khoa học Ts. Vương Quân Hoàng (https://sites.google.com/site/vuongqh2019/). Cuốn sách nhỏ này là tập hợp 21 câu chuyện sinh động và hấp dẫn xoay quanh về tài trí của ngài bói cá. Đặc biệt hơn, nhà khoa học đã viết tặng thơ ở trang cuối sách. Bây giờ tôi muốn bán (đấu giá) cuốn sách quý này. Quý độc giả thật sự quan tâm và muốn sở hữu cuốn sách quý này thì có thể liên lạc với tôi qua địa chỉ email. Trân trọng cám ơn! |
| Date: | 2023–05–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:frebn&r=sea |