nep-sea New Economics Papers
on South East Asia
Issue of 2022‒10‒24
forty-five papers chosen by
Kavita Iyengar
Asian Development Bank

  1. Uncover your risk! Using Facebook to increase personal risk awareness and screening of type 2 diabetes in Indonesia By Manuela Fritz; Michael Grimm; Ingmar Weber; Elad Yom-Tov; Benedictus Praditya
  2. Pathways to Middle-Class Jobs in Indonesia By Maria Monica Wihardja; Wendy Cunningham
  3. Plastic Waste Discharges from Rivers and Coastlines in Indonesia By World Bank
  4. Community Participation in Measuring Learning Outcomes in Remote Areas of Indonesia By S.K. Lumbanraja; I.A. Prameswari; D. Susanti
  5. Village Public Expenditure Management in Indonesia By World Bank
  6. Impacts of COVID-19 on Communities in the Philippines By World Bank
  7. Vietnam By World Bank
  8. Economic Growth and Inflation Tradeoffs within Global Stagflation: Evidence in Vietnam Economy By Ly Dai Hung
  9. Examining the Factors That Affect the Loss of Tax Disputes in the Tax Court By Mega Nurmala Sari
  10. The Labor Market and the COVID-19 Outbreak in Vietnam By World Bank
  11. Indonesia Economic Prospects, June 2021 By World Bank
  12. Digital Vietnam By World Bank
  13. "The Intention to Use Co-Working Space: Is it related to Rental Fees, Location, and Training? " By K. Sarojani Devi Krishnan
  14. Multidimensional Poverty in Malaysia By Kenneth Simler; Zainab Ali Ahmad
  15. "The Influence of Transformational Leadership by the Principal on Teachers' Self-Efficacy in a Private Preschool " By Al-Amin Mydin
  16. Aging and the Labor Market in Thailand By World Bank
  17. Agency Conflicts, Dividend Payments, and Ownership Concentration in Comparison of Shariah and Non-Shariah Compliant Listed Companies By Azilawati Banchit
  18. Impacts of COVID-19 on Firms in Malaysia By Smita Kuriakose; Trang Tran; Kok Onn Ting; Sarah Hebeous
  19. "Understanding the Complexities of Sarawak Women's Social Participation in Non-Governmental Organizations " By Noorfadhleen Binti Mahmud
  20. Malaysia Economic Monitor, June 2021 By World Bank
  21. "Recognizing ASEAN Nations' Realization and Commitment to the Issues of Non-Traditional Security (NTS) " By Nur Ain Yaacob
  22. Improving Toilet Hygiene and Handwashing Practices During and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesian Schools By Rythia Afkar; Citra Kumala; Shinsaku Nomura
  23. Effect of Lockdown on Food Security during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Philippines : Two Months after Implementation By Jessica Denila Villanueva; Jonathan D. Austria; Kendrick Mico Faronilo; Aywin Rosette Sunga-Lim; Enrico L. Replan; Janice B. Sevilla-Nastor; Renante Abuyan; Nicolas Peyraube
  24. Improving Health Services in Myanmar through Public Financial Management Reform By World Bank
  25. Philippines Economic Update, June 2021 By World Bank
  26. Philippines Financial Sector Assessment By World Bank; International Monetary Fund
  27. Thailand Economic Monitor, July 2021 By World Bank
  28. Myanmar Economic Monitor, July 2021 By World Bank
  29. Moving the center: Adapting the toolbox of growth model research to emerging capitalist economies By Mertens, Daniel; Nölke, Andreas; May, Christian; Schedelik, Michael; Ten Brink, Tobias; Gomes, Alexandre
  30. "A Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Online Food Delivery by Using Scopus Database " By Nurul Labanihuda Abdull Rahman
  31. "Students' Perceptions toward the Usage of Technology as Medium for T&L of Qiraat during COVID-19 " By Hayati Hussin
  32. The Socioeconomic Impacts of COVID-19 on Households in Cambodia, Report No. 5 By Wendy Karamba; Isabelle Salcher; Kimsun Tong
  33. Cambodia Economic Update, June 2021 By World Bank
  34. The Socioeconomic Impacts of COVID-19 on Households in Cambodia, Report No. 4 By Wendy Karamba; Isabelle Salcher; Kimsun Tong
  35. Monitoring COVID-19 Impacts on Households in Lao PDR, Report No. 2 By World Bank
  36. LSMS+ Program in Cambodia By Ardina Hasanbasri; Talip Kilic; Gayatri Koolwal; Heather Moylan
  37. Lao PDR By World Bank
  38. Road Safety Data Assessment in Viet Nam for the Establishment of a National Road Safety Observatory By Tran Thi Van Anh; Alina F. Burlacu; Martin Small; Mirick Paala; Nguyen Huu Duc; Le Huy Tri
  39. Public-Private-People Partnerships in Lao PDR Forestry Sector By World Bank Group
  40. Monitoring Impacts on Households in Lao PDR, Report No. 3, April-May 2021 By World Bank
  41. Regulatory Framework and Policy Support for Certification, Timber Legality and Sustainability in Lao PDR By World Bank Group
  42. Implications of nest relocation for morphology and locomotor performance of green turtle (Chelonia mydas) hatchlings By Lyndsey L.K. Tanabe; Marion Steenacker; Mohd Uzair Rusli; Michael M.L. Berumen
  43. Philippine Basic Education System By Yoonyoung Cho; Sachiko Kataoka; Sharon Piza
  44. Caring for Thailand’s Aging Population By Elena Glinskaya; Thomas Walker; Thisuri Wanniarachchi
  45. The Evolution and State of Singapore’s Start-up Ecosystem By Toni Eliasz; Jamil Wyne; Sarah Lenoble

  1. By: Manuela Fritz; Michael Grimm; Ingmar Weber; Elad Yom-Tov; Benedictus Praditya
    Abstract: We assess whether social media – in particular Facebook – can serve as an efficient and cost-effective instrument to increase type 2 diabetes awareness and encourage risk screening activities in Indonesia, where – as in the rest of Southeast Asia – the prevalence of the disease and with it the rates of undiagnosed cases have dramatically increased in the last decade. We use Facebook’s advertisement function to randomly distribute graphical ads related to the risk and consequences of diabetes to Facebook users above the age of 35 in Jakarta and Yogyakarta. The ads differ in their message (“theme†) and graphical design, but equally invite viewers to visit an information website on which they can participate in a diabetes self-screening activity. Depending on their determined risk score, participants receive a recommendation to contact their GP and ask for an in-depth screening. We find that the ad themes that we label “information†and “shock†outperform all other themes in terms of creating link clicks and completed screening questionnaires. A follow-up survey six weeks after the online screening suggests that approximately 28% of respondents that were found to have a high risk, plan to schedule (or already have scheduled) an appointment for a professional screening. The complementary cost-effectiveness analysis shows that such an online public health campaign can be very cost-effective with a cost of approximately US$9 per newly diagnosed person with type 2 diabetes.
    Keywords: health, diabetes, Facebook, screening, cost-effectiveness, Indonesia.
    JEL: I10 I12 I18 D83 D91
    Date: 2022–10
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bav:wpaper:221_fritzgrimmweberyomtovpraditya&r=
  2. By: Maria Monica Wihardja; Wendy Cunningham
    Keywords: Industry - General Manufacturing Industry - Industrial Economics International Economics and Trade - Foreign Direct Investment Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Economic Growth Social Protections and Labor - Labor Markets
    Date: 2021–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35848&r=
  3. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Environment - Brown Issues and Health Environment - Coastal and Marine Environment Environment - Marine Environment Environment - Pollution Management & Control Urban Development - Urban Water & Waste Management
    Date: 2021–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35607&r=
  4. By: S.K. Lumbanraja; I.A. Prameswari; D. Susanti
    Keywords: Education - Education For All Education - Effective Schools and Teachers Social Development - Participations and Civic Engagement Social Development - Social Accountability
    Date: 2021–03
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35466&r=
  5. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Public Sector Development - Public Sector Expenditure Policy Governance - Local Government
    Date: 2021–08
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:36128&r=
  6. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Health, Nutrition and Population - Disease Control & Prevention Poverty Reduction - Access of Poor to Social Services Poverty Reduction - Employment and Shared Growth Poverty Reduction - Poverty and Health Poverty Reduction - Services & Transfers to Poor
    Date: 2021–08
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:36193&r=
  7. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Social Protections and Labor - Social Funds and Pensions Social Protections and Labor - Social Protections & Assistance
    Date: 2021–09
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:36324&r=
  8. By: Ly Dai Hung (Vietnam Institute of Economics, Hanoi, Vietnam)
    Abstract: The paper analyzes the interaction of economic growth and inflation rate on accounting for both capital sources and global shocks. The analysis method is a time varying coefficients Bayesian vector autoregression (TVC-BSVAR) model applied in a quarterly data sample of Vietnam economy over Q3/2008-Q4/2020. The trade-off between growth and inflation exists for an increase of credit supply but mitigates for an increase of public investment or more foreign capital inflows. For a global stagflation, Vietnam economic growth reduces but its inflation rate stabilizes. An appropriated policy can be the combination of higher credit supply growth with more public investment. If the world economic growth reduces by 1% per quarter and world oil price raises by 1 USD per quarter for 4 consecutive quarters, the domestic economic growth reduces by 4% after one year. Then, the domestic credit supply growth needs to be raised by 7.6% or the public investment increases by 12%.
    Keywords: Global Stagflation,Vector Autoregression,Vietnam Economy
    Date: 2022–09–09
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-03774248&r=
  9. By: Mega Nurmala Sari (Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Riatu Mariatul Qibthiyyah Author-2-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:)
    Abstract: " Objective - The high tax administration loss rate sparked various speculations in Society. This study aims to determine the factors that led to the defeat of the tax administration in the Indonesian Tax Court. Methodology/Technique - Simple random sampling is used to obtain 1,000 samples of decisions on appeal disputes which is three times the minimum sample size. The logit model is used to find out whether the independent variable affects the dependent variable. The linear probability model is also used to test whether the Logit Model is robust. Findings - The estimation of results shows that the interaction between the tax dispute resolution period and the type of tax, as well as the number of representatives of the tax authorities, had a positive and significant impact on the loss of the tax administration in the prosecution. Novelty - No economic study has comprehensively analyzed the determinants of administrative defeat in the Indonesian Tax Court. This study uses data that have not been used in previous studies. The information includes evidence at audits/objections and appeals, types of taxes, tax dispute resolution periods, interactions between dispute resolution periods and evidence at audits/objections and requests, interactions between dispute resolution periods and types of taxes, interactions between periods dispute resolution, types of taxes and evidence at examination/objection and appeal, initial value, gender of judges, representatives of taxpayers and representatives of tax authorities in court. Type of Paper - Empirical."
    Keywords: Tax dispute; appeal decision; influencing factors; Tax Authorities defeat; Tax Court.
    JEL: G18 K41
    Date: 2022–09–30
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:afr216&r=
  10. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Health, Nutrition and Population - Disease Control & Prevention Social Protections and Labor - Employment and Unemployment Social Protections and Labor - Labor Markets Social Protections and Labor - Social Protections & Assistance
    Date: 2021–07
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35990&r=
  11. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Gender - Gender and Development Health, Nutrition and Population - Disease Control & Prevention Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Business Cycles and Stabilization Policies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Economic Growth Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Fiscal & Monetary Policy Poverty Reduction - Employment and Shared Growth Poverty Reduction - Inequality Social Protections and Labor - Labor Markets Social Protections and Labor - Social Protections & Assistance
    Date: 2021–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35762&r=
  12. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Health, Nutrition and Population - Disease Control & Prevention Information and Communication Technologies - Digital Divide Information and Communication Technologies - ICT Policy and Strategies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Business Cycles and Stabilization Policies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Economic Growth Poverty Reduction - Employment and Shared Growth
    Date: 2021–08
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:36190&r=
  13. By: K. Sarojani Devi Krishnan (UniKL Business School, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, 50250, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Nazatul Shima Abdul Rani Author-2-Workplace-Name: UniKL Business School, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, 50250, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Khairul Azizan Suda Author-3-Workplace-Name: UniKL MIDI, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, 56100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:)
    Abstract: " Objective - Entrepreneurs today strive to manage their business successfully, which they may accomplish by reducing costs while maintaining optimum productivity. A trendy choice for entrepreneurs today is to use co-working space instead of renting the space independently, which can incur heavy overhead. Thus, this study investigates the relationships between SMEs' intention to use co-working space and rental fees, location, and training provided by co-working space owners. Methodology/Technique - The sample consists of 267 young entrepreneurs in Malaysia. Questionnaires were distributed to the sample, and the items focused on the intention to use co-working space, rental fees, location, and training provided by co-working space owners. The sample used a Likert scale with ratings from 5(Strongly Agree) to 1(Strongly Disagree) to rate the items. Finding - The analysis shows that rental fees have a positive, significant, and weak relationship to co-working space, while location and training have a positive, substantial, and moderate relationship to co-working space. Novelty - The study has implications for co-working space owners to provide attractive packages or incentives, including facilities, training and location, and work atmosphere. More importantly, monetary packages with low costs or attractive promotions could be offered to attract young entrepreneurs to use co-working spaces for their business activities which will benefit both owners and users. Type of Paper - Empirical"
    Keywords: Intention to Use; Rental fees; Location; Training; Workshops.
    JEL: L26 L29 M13
    Date: 2022–09–30
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:gjbssr623&r=
  14. By: Kenneth Simler; Zainab Ali Ahmad
    Keywords: Poverty Reduction - Living Standards Poverty Reduction - Poverty Lines Poverty Reduction - Poverty Monitoring & Analysis Poverty Reduction - Poverty Reduction Strategies
    Date: 2021–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:36392&r=
  15. By: Al-Amin Mydin (Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Author-2-Workplace-Name: Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:)
    Abstract: " Purpose - This research aimed to identify the Influence of Principal Transformational Leadership among preschool principals on the teacher's self-efficacy. Next, this study examines the idealized influence of the individualistic consideration of intellectual stimulation and inspirational motivation of the principal's transformational leadership dimension on teacher self-efficacy. This paper analyzes the factor influencing principal leadership on preschool teachers' self-efficacy. Methodology - This research also involved a cross-sectional quantitative survey research design. 150 private preschool teachers from Penang were included as a sample in this study. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the data in this study. Findings - Results indicate that all the dimensions of transformational leadership positively influence a teacher's self-efficacy. The idealized influence dimension, individualistic consideration, intellectual stimulation, and inspirational motivation positively influence teachers' self-efficacy. In addition, this study is significant because it will inform management and leadership in early childhood education, particularly in private preschools, and provide them with references. As a result, there is a connection between the leadership style used by principals in private preschools and the teachers' self-efficacy. Novelty - The study identifies the influence of teachers' efficiency in the early childhood context. Type of Paper - Empirical"
    Keywords: Transformational Leadership, Private Preschool, Self-efficacy, Principal, Preschool teachers
    JEL: I20 I24
    Date: 2022–09–30
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr298&r=
  16. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Education - Lifelong Learning Health, Nutrition and Population - Demographics Social Protections and Labor - Labor Markets
    Date: 2021–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35691&r=
  17. By: Azilawati Banchit (Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Dayang Ernie Nurfarah'ain Awang Ahmad Author-2-Workplace-Name: Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Aiza Johari Author-3-Workplace-Name: Academy of Language Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch, Kampus Samarahan, 94300 Sarawak Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:)
    Abstract: " Objective - The study analyzes the agency cost, dividend payments, and ownership concentration compared to Shariah and non-Shariah listed companies. Furthermore, this paper also seeks to examine the efficiency of managers in generating and utilising revenues to pay for operating expenses by comparing shariah and non-shariah compliant companies in determining any occurrences of agency conflicts. Methodology/Technique - The sampling data were extracted from the Thomson Refinitiv Eikon Database for 5 years, from 2016 until 2020, for 567 Malaysian listed companies with a total of 2835 observations. The research implemented a One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to analyse the data. Findings - ANOVA tests have shown that both Shariah and non-Shariah compliant companies pay dividends to their shareholders on average between 29 percent to 35 percent on returns. Interestingly, the decisions to pay the shareholders show that the shariah-compliant companies are more likely to pay out dividends than their non-shariah counterparts. Revenue generation is also found to be higher by 62 percent. Shariah-compliant companies demonstrate statistically significant higher dividends with better asset usage or lower agency conflicts in Malaysia. Novelty - This paper is novel as it provides a thorough baseline analysis of the significant difference in agency conflicts, using both proxies, which are the dividend payments and the efficiency ratios, taking into consideration all the industries of the Shariah and non-Shariah listed companies in Malaysia. Type of Paper - Empirical."
    Keywords: Agency conflicts; Shariah and non-shariah public listed companies; dividend and asset utilisation ratio; concentrated ownerships
    JEL: C87 G10 G32 G35
    Date: 2022–09–30
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:afr218&r=
  18. By: Smita Kuriakose; Trang Tran; Kok Onn Ting; Sarah Hebeous
    Keywords: Health, Nutrition and Population - Disease Control & Prevention Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Business Cycles and Stabilization Policies Private Sector Development - Private Sector Economics Social Protections and Labor - Employment and Unemployment
    Date: 2021–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35872&r=
  19. By: Noorfadhleen Binti Mahmud (Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Nadrawina Isnin Author-2-Workplace-Name: Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Noni Harianti binti Junaidi Author-3-Workplace-Name: Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia Author-4-Name: "Nursuria binti Mahrif" Author-4-Workplace-Name: Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:)
    Abstract: " Objective - The purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of the issues that prevent women from socially participating in NGOs Methodology/Technique - Qualitative research using in-depth interviews was used to collect relevant data. The findings were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach and discussed within the theoretical framework of social participation. In response to the nature of women's social participation in Sarawak, the researchers highlighted long, critical answers and discussions by 36 selected participants from various NGOs in Sarawak. Finding - There were four difficulties for Sarawak women's social participation in NGOs identified in this study. The factors were practical deterrents, a psychological barrier, discrimination and prejudice, and lack of resources. The impeding factors which were grouped in these four categories comprised 16 factors. This study hoped to help the stakeholders develop different strategies for assisting women to be more aware and active in a civil-based society. Novelty - The study highlighted the complex factors of Sarawak women's social participation in NGOs. These factors show different perspectives on the subject investigation in Sarawak, Malaysia. Furthermore, the adapted qualitative method conducted in this paper is further discussed regarding the complex factors of Sarawak women's social participation in NGOs. There are many studies conducted exploring political participation. However, studies on social participation that focused on NGOs that are not politically based are very low. Type of Paper - Empirical"
    Keywords: Non-governmental organizations; Social Participation; complexities; Sarawak's Women.
    JEL: D71 D73 Z19
    Date: 2022–09–30
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:gjbssr618&r=
  20. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Business Cycles and Stabilization Policies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Economic Growth Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Fiscal & Monetary Policy Poverty Reduction - Employment and Shared Growth Private Sector Development - Enterprise Development & Reform Private Sector Development - Private Sector Economics
    Date: 2021–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35812&r=
  21. By: Nur Ain Yaacob ("Faculty of Administrative Science and Policy Studies, University Teknologi MARA, 71900, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia" Author-2-Name: Muhammad Izmer Yusof Author-2-Workplace-Name: Pusat Sains Liberal, University Malaysia Perlis, 02600, Arau Perlis Author-3-Name: Suzei Mat Nurudin Author-3-Workplace-Name: "Faculty of Administrative Science and Policy Studies, University Teknologi MARA, 71900, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia" Author-4-Name: Zarina Mohd Zain Author-4-Workplace-Name: "Faculty of Administrative Science and Policy Studies, University Teknologi MARA, 71900, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia" Author-5-Name: "Nuramira Akmal Mustapa" Author-5-Workplace-Name: Kementerian Luar Negeri, 62100, Putrajaya, Malaysia Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:)
    Abstract: " Objective - Issues dealing with security are perhaps the most profound issues since the end of the Cold War in the 1990s. The notion is that the state's security is no longer just threatened by war but also by other circumstances and situations that might still harm the citizen's and states' well-being. In international politics, the realism paradigm considers security challenges in the classic sense that wars and military conflicts are the sole threats to the state. This viewpoint falls under the notion of traditional security. The other concept that governs state security might be more than only weapon battles and wars, and it falls under the idea and paradigm of idealism. Methodology - This paper will highlight a few issues concerning the Non-Traditional Security paradigm (NTS). In the end, the objective of this concept paper is to see the awareness of ASEAN members on the issues of NTS and how they respond to such matters. Findings - A total of 10 informants from different backgrounds but experts in the field of NTS will involve in the study, and the data for the study shall be collected using qualitative research methods. We hope a full picture of NTS during the COVID-19 pandemic can be presented from the findings. Novelty - Thus, this study suggests the blueprint for NTS to help people understand NTS. Type of Paper - Empirical"
    Keywords: Non-Traditional Security Issues, Securitization, Awareness, ASEAN
    Date: 2022–09–30
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber228&r=
  22. By: Rythia Afkar; Citra Kumala; Shinsaku Nomura
    Keywords: Education - Educational Institutions & Facilities Water Supply and Sanitation - Hygiene Promotion and Social Marketing
    Date: 2021–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35926&r=
  23. By: Jessica Denila Villanueva (UP Los Baños - University of the Philippines Los Baños); Jonathan D. Austria (UP Los Baños - University of the Philippines Los Baños); Kendrick Mico Faronilo (UP Los Baños - University of the Philippines Los Baños); Aywin Rosette Sunga-Lim (UP Los Baños - University of the Philippines Los Baños); Enrico L. Replan (UP Los Baños - University of the Philippines Los Baños); Janice B. Sevilla-Nastor (UP Los Baños - University of the Philippines Los Baños); Renante Abuyan (SLSU - Southern Luzon State University); Nicolas Peyraube (I2M - Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie - UB - Université de Bordeaux - Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université)
    Abstract: The alarming presence of COVID-19 challenged the United Nations' (UN) Sustainable Development Goal 2 and made the World Health Organization (WHO) declare a public health emergency of international concern. Imposed lockdowns disrupted the supply and demand chain of the food systems, hence affecting food security. This research would like to know and assess the early effect (two months after the lockdown) of the enhanced community quarantine on food security in the Philippines. An online survey was employed participated by 331 household representatives using a survey instrument containing food security assessment, household socio- demographic characteristics, behavioral responses covering food purchase and consumption behavior, and emergency measure adoption. Statistical tests were applied: Mann-Whitney U test to know the behavioral response of the food secure vs. food insecure households, as well as the phi coefficient and Cramer's V test to determine and assess the parameters that plays important role in food security during this period. Results showed that 73% of the respondents were food insecure. The early effect of the lockdown was seen in the behavioral responses, significant differences between food secure and insecure households were found in age, income, and food purchase behavior. Parameters associated with food security are age, income, food allocation, expectations on the livelihood impact and change in expenditure, and the adoption motivations in practicing backyard gardening. The stress evaluation revealed that while Filipinos tried to cope, an increased level of anxiety was experienced. The need for clear measures in terms of preparedness in any pandemic situation was heightened. These findings are significant in providing benchmark information on food security during a pandemic.
    Keywords: backyard gardening,COVID-19 pandemic,food security,Philippines,purchase behavior,stress evaluation
    Date: 2022
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03775378&r=
  24. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Public Sector Development - Public Financial Management Health, Nutrition and Population - Health Service Management and Delivery
    Date: 2021–08
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:36088&r=
  25. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Business Cycles and Stabilization Policies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Economic Growth Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Economic Policy, Institutions and Governance Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Fiscal & Monetary Policy Poverty Reduction - Achieving Shared Growth Public Sector Development - Decentralization
    Date: 2021–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35690&r=
  26. By: World Bank; International Monetary Fund
    Keywords: Finance and Financial Sector Development - Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress Finance and Financial Sector Development - Capital Markets and Capital Flows Finance and Financial Sector Development - Financial Crisis Management & Restructuring Finance and Financial Sector Development - Financial Regulation & Supervision Finance and Financial Sector Development - Insurance & Risk Mitigation
    Date: 2021–03
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:36191&r=
  27. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Health, Nutrition and Population - Disease Control & Prevention Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Business Cycles and Stabilization Policies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Economic Growth Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Fiscal & Monetary Policy Poverty Reduction - Employment and Shared Growth Social Protections and Labor - Employment and Unemployment Social Protections and Labor - Social Protections & Assistance
    Date: 2021–07
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35945&r=
  28. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Health, Nutrition and Population - Disease Control & Prevention Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Business Cycles and Stabilization Policies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Economic Growth Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Fiscal & Monetary Policy Poverty Reduction - Employment and Shared Growth Social Protections and Labor - Employment and Unemployment
    Date: 2021–07
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:36020&r=
  29. By: Mertens, Daniel; Nölke, Andreas; May, Christian; Schedelik, Michael; Ten Brink, Tobias; Gomes, Alexandre
    Abstract: The growth model perspective has provided positive momentum for Comparative and International Political Economy. This article seeks to move beyond the existing geographical confines of this perspective to elaborate on its potential for enhancing our understanding of the trajectories of different emerging capitalist economies (ECEs), the center of global economic growth during the last decades. Using national accounts data, we calculate the relative contributions of demand components to GDP growth for nine large emerging economies in the period from 2001 to 2016. Departing from the prevalent juxtaposition of consumption-led and export-led growth models, we add an investment-led model within a variegated set of ECE accumulation strategies. Subsequently, we employ case vignettes from Brazil, China, India and Indonesia to highlight ECE specificities in (1) the effects of international interdependencies on growth models, (2) the political underpinnings of growth models through social blocs, and (3) the existence of structural productive heterogeneities leading to regional growth models in very large economies. We conclude that these macro-political and institutional specificities should serve as a point of departure for a more global research agenda on growth models.
    Keywords: Comparative capitalism,growth models,emerging capitalist economies,commodity super cycles,social blocs
    JEL: O11 O19 O43 O57 P52
    Date: 2022
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ipewps:1882022&r=
  30. By: Nurul Labanihuda Abdull Rahman (Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Nur Syakinah Abdul Nasir Author-2-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Hasyeilla Abd Mutalib Author-3-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia Author-4-Name: "Rabeatul Husna Abdull Rahman" Author-4-Workplace-Name: "School of Human Resources Development and Psychology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia " Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:)
    Abstract: " Purpose - Academic research on online food delivery has mainly addressed its economic and social implications. Due to technological advancement, online food delivery services have grown in popularity in Malaysia. The Internet and mobile technology make it easy to use mobile devices to access online food delivery services. Methodology - This study aimed to analyse the bibliometric characteristics of worldwide research trends, publication growth, publishing outputs by nations, themes of interest, and author keyword co-occurrences. This article presents a bibliometric analysis of online food delivery services, which was conducted using the VOS viewer software and data retrieved from the Scopus database. The Scopus database yielded around 893 papers published between 1995 and 2022. Findings - The findings highlighted that medicine accounted for most of the papers, followed by business, management, accounting, computer science, and social sciences. The ""COVID-19 epidemic"" appears the most frequently in the publications, followed by ""e-commerce."" The results highlighted the co-occurrences of author keywords, ""covid-19 pandemic,"" has 103 linkages. Novelty - This supports the claims made in the earlier studies that the COVID-19 pandemic had affected consumer choices for online food delivery services. It can be inferred that future studies may use the findings to explore problems with online meal delivery services. Type of Paper - Empirical"
    Keywords: Bibliometric Analysis; Scopus Database; VOS Viewer; Online Food Delivery; E-Commerce
    JEL: M31 M39
    Date: 2022–09–30
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr303&r=
  31. By: Hayati Hussin ("Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 71800, Nilai, Malaysia " Author-2-Name: Abd Rahman Abd Ghani Author-2-Workplace-Name: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900, Tanjong Malim, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Abdul Rahim Ahmad Author-3-Workplace-Name: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43000, Bangi, Malaysia Author-4-Name: Muhammad Hafiz Saleh Author-4-Workplace-Name: Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 71800, Nilai, Malaysia Author-5-Name: Mardhiah Yahaya Author-5-Workplace-Name: Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 71800, Nilai, Malaysia Author-6-Name: Rohana Zakaria Author-6-Workplace-Name: Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Selangor, 43000, Selangor, Malaysia Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:)
    Abstract: "Purpose - The world recently faced the Covid-19 outbreak, which impacted various sectors like economics, medical and health, community, tourism, psychology, and mental health. The outbreak affects the education and higher education sectors. Methodology - This study aims to investigate the dimensions of students on the usage of technology as medium in Qiraat course during Covid-19. This study is a qualitative reserch which applied case study and focus group discussions (FGD) from students in Darul Quran, JAKIM. Findings - This research concludes that four themes are the foundation for analysing technology usage among students in Darul Quran during COVID-19; Google Meet serves as the technological medium of choice for students in their TnL sessions. The perks of using the Google Meet medium in qiraat's TnL make the course easier and more effective to learn during the pandemic, was agreed by 93.3% of the students, or 14 out of 15 students. Meanwhile, 60% of students, or 9 out of 15, decided that the most significant constraint of TnL using Google Meet is a slow internet connection, while 40% of students, or 6 out of 15 students, claimed that the main problem with qiraat's TnL through technology is that they have limited comprehension and are not focused. Novelty - This research has significant implications for Malaysian public and private universities, as well as institutions of tahfiz studies, in terms of developing a more robust and quality al-Quran generation capable of acquiring qiraat knowledge. Type of Paper - Empirical"
    Keywords: Students' Perceptions; Technology medium; teaching and learning; Darul Quran JAKIM (DQ).
    JEL: O33 O39
    Date: 2022–09–30
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr304&r=
  32. By: Wendy Karamba; Isabelle Salcher; Kimsun Tong
    Keywords: Health, Nutrition and Population - Disease Control & Prevention Poverty Reduction - Employment and Shared Growth Poverty Reduction - Inequality Social Protections and Labor - Employment and Unemployment Social Protections and Labor - Labor Markets
    Date: 2021–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35868&r=
  33. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Health, Nutrition and Population - Disease Control & Prevention Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Business Cycles and Stabilization Policies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Economic Growth Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Fiscal & Monetary Policy Social Protections and Labor - Social Protections & Assistance
    Date: 2021–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35783&r=
  34. By: Wendy Karamba; Isabelle Salcher; Kimsun Tong
    Keywords: Health, Nutrition and Population - Disease Control & Prevention Poverty Reduction - Access of Poor to Social Services Poverty Reduction - Services & Transfers to Poor Social Protections and Labor - Employment and Unemployment
    Date: 2021–03
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35383&r=
  35. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Health, Nutrition and Population - Disease Control & Prevention Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Business Cycles and Stabilization Policies Poverty Reduction - Employment and Shared Growth Poverty Reduction - Living Standards Social Protections and Labor - Employment and Unemployment Social Protections and Labor - Labor Markets
    Date: 2021–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35554&r=
  36. By: Ardina Hasanbasri; Talip Kilic; Gayatri Koolwal; Heather Moylan
    Keywords: Gender - Gender and Development Gender - Gender and Economics Poverty Reduction - Living Standards Poverty Reduction - Poverty Monitoring & Analysis Social Protections and Labor - Employment and Unemployment Social Protections and Labor - Labor Markets Social Protections and Labor - Wages, Compensation & Benefits
    Date: 2021–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35543&r=
  37. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Social Protections and Labor - Labor Markets Social Protections and Labor - Skills Development and Labor Force Training Social Protections and Labor - Vocational & Technical Education Social Protections and Labor - Employment and Unemployment
    Date: 2021–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35794&r=
  38. By: Tran Thi Van Anh; Alina F. Burlacu; Martin Small; Mirick Paala; Nguyen Huu Duc; Le Huy Tri
    Keywords: Transport - Roads & Highways
    Date: 2021–03
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35979&r=
  39. By: World Bank Group
    Keywords: Agriculture - Forestry Management Environment - Forests and Forestry Environment - Natural Resources Management Environment - Sustainable Land Management Private Sector Development - Enterprise Development & Reform Private Sector Development - Legal Regulation and Business Environment
    Date: 2021–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35651&r=
  40. By: World Bank
    Keywords: Education - Secondary Education Health, Nutrition and Population - Disease Control & Prevention Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Business Cycles and Stabilization Policies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Remittances Poverty Reduction - Employment and Shared Growth Poverty Reduction - Migration and Development Social Protections and Labor - Employment and Unemployment
    Date: 2021–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:36167&r=
  41. By: World Bank Group
    Keywords: Agriculture - Forestry Management Environment - Forests and Forestry Environment - Natural Resources Management Environment - Sustainable Land Management Private Sector Development - Enterprise Development & Reform Private Sector Development - Legal Regulation and Business Environment
    Date: 2021–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35650&r=
  42. By: Lyndsey L.K. Tanabe; Marion Steenacker; Mohd Uzair Rusli; Michael M.L. Berumen
    Abstract: Sea turtle scute abnormalities are observed in higher proportion in hatchlings compared to adults, suggesting that hatchlings with a non-modal scute pattern (NMSP) have a lower chance of surviving to adulthood. In this study, we collected 732 newly emerged hatchlings from Redang Island, Malaysia, and compared their scute classification, size, and mass to fitness correlates (self-righting ability, crawling speed, and swimming speed). We investigated the proportion of hatchlings from each nest with NMSP to determine if there was a correlation with incubation duration or clutch relocation. We found relocated clutches at Chagar Hutang Turtle Sanctuary had a significantly shorter incubation duration with a higher proportion of NMSP compared to in situ clutches. Hatchlings’ mass were significantly heavier from in situ clutches compared to relocated clutches, although there were no significant differences of hatchling speed based on scute classification or clutch type. The difference of hatchling mass between in situ and relocated clutches could affect predation and mortality rates on recently emerged hatchlings. These findings have important conservation implications, suggesting that relocation should only be implemented on clutches with a high potential to be disrupted or with a low chance of survival if left in situ. Our findings highlight the need for a standard procedure when clutch relocation is used as a conservation strategy. Relocation should replicate natural nest dimensions by duplicating both nest width and depth, and clutches should be relocated to similar shade conditions as the natural nest.
    Keywords: Endangered species; Hatchling fitness; Incubation method; Scute pattern; South China Sea
    Date: 2021–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ulb:ulbeco:2013/349985&r=
  43. By: Yoonyoung Cho; Sachiko Kataoka; Sharon Piza
    Keywords: Education - Access & Equity in Basic Education Education - Education For All Education - Educational Technology and Distance Education Education - Effective Schools and Teachers Health, Nutrition and Population - Disease Control & Prevention
    Date: 2021–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35649&r=
  44. By: Elena Glinskaya; Thomas Walker; Thisuri Wanniarachchi
    Keywords: Health, Nutrition and Population - Demographics Health, Nutrition and Population - Health Economics & Finance Health, Nutrition and Population - Health Insurance Health, Nutrition and Population - Health and Poverty Social Protections and Labor - Labor Markets Social Protections and Labor - Social Protections & Assistance
    Date: 2021–04
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35693&r=
  45. By: Toni Eliasz; Jamil Wyne; Sarah Lenoble
    Keywords: Private Sector Development - Business Environment Private Sector Development - Emerging Markets Private Sector Development - Private Sector Economics Public Sector Development - Regulatory Regimes
    Date: 2021–03
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:35328&r=

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