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on South East Asia |
| By: | Khuc, Quy Van |
| Abstract: | Rural waste management in Vietnam |
| Date: | 2021–05–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:n6ws8&r= |
| By: | Mansur, Mansur |
| Abstract: | The application of qualitative research methods in Indonesia is more appropriate to use the concepts offered by Creswell, namely: ethnography, phenomenology, case studies, grounded theory and narratives. The functions of qualitative research include those that can be used to describe qualitative data, understand the uniqueness of phenomena, ensure data validity, process research, construct understanding, explore, and understand meaning. Of these several functions of qualitative research, the most difficult to do is to understand the meaning of all functions of qualitative research. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out systematic steps starting from digging up the data, then continuing with categorizing, and then creating themes. The example of the case carried out by Bung Karno in exploring the traditions in Indonesia so that he gave birth to five pearls which were then summarized in the five precepts, which was later called Pancasila, is an example of understanding the best meaning that Indonesia has. |
| Date: | 2021–06–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:7nf4c&r= |
| By: | An, Hoang Tai |
| Abstract: | Land degradation in Vietnam and solutions |
| Date: | 2022–01–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:m948y&r= |
| By: | Le, Tam-Tri |
| Abstract: | Highest-ranked economics research institutions and authors in Vietnam by January 2022 |
| Date: | 2022–02–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:cq5bv&r= |
| By: | An, Hoang Tai; Anh, Le Do Mai; Anh, Kieu; Anh, Nguyen Ngoc Minh; , Le Thi Tuyet Anh; Hiệp, Nguyễn Trần; Anh, Phạm Vân; Anh, Phan Thi Mai; Khánh, Lê Vinh; Anh, Kieu Thi Ngoc |
| Abstract: | Land degradation in Vietnam and solutions |
| Date: | 2022–01–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:pbqda&r= |
| By: | An, Hoang Tai; Anh, Le Do Mai; , Le Thi Tuyet Anh; Anh, Kieu; Hiệp, Nguyễn Trần; Anh, Phạm Vân; Anh, Nguyen Ngoc Minh; Anh, Phan Thi Mai; Khánh, Lê Vinh; Anh, Kieu Thi Ngoc |
| Abstract: | Land degradation in Vietnam and solutions |
| Date: | 2022–01–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:4rbnf&r= |
| By: | TRAN, THI THU THAO |
| Abstract: | The findings from this study make several contributions to the current literature. First, this study is one of the first to thoroughly examine the gendering process in Vietnam in general, and in Vietnamese academia specifically. The new insights about the gendering process help to pave the way for the development of gender studies in Vietnam, (de)construction women’s careers in Vietnam, and to integrate a minority perspective into mainstream scholarly works. Moreover, my study explores the construction of gender and its impact on women’s experience in the labour market in relation to the imposition of eastern and western knowledge in a developing country whose colonial history is shaped by both eastern and western colonisation. This study will be of interest to any colonial discourse scholars who attempt to challenge the view of the relations between (and among) Western and Eastern countries as binary, fixed and categorial with the West as the colonisers and the East as the colonised. One major limitation of the study is that although the study focuses on the ‘other’ perspective, the Vietnamese academia is treated as homogenous and some factors such as ethnicities or regional culture have not been paid adequate attention. In addition, my study focuses solely on academic women in heterosexual relationships and therefore might overlook the subordination of people with non-heteronormative forms of sexuality. |
| Date: | 2022–01–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:k5xcj&r= |
| By: | An, Hoang Tai |
| Abstract: | Land degradation in Vietnam and solutions |
| Date: | 2022–01–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:36bs8&r= |
| By: | Wiridin, Darmawan |
| Abstract: | Implementasi Upah Minimum Terhadap Kesejahteraan Pekerja |
| Date: | 2020–06–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:k2p3h&r= |
| By: | 子, 鬼谷 |
| Abstract: | This paper aims at answering the question whether the VN30 index futures introduction has an impact on stock market volatility in Vietnam. Apply GARCH model of volatility with additive dummy variable from 28/7/2000 to 10/9/2020, the result shows that when the first listed index futures contract appears, it makes the volatility of VNIndex increases. The result is still robust after excluding the turmoil period of Vietnam stock market. This paper implies that policy maker should be more careful in promoting derivatives market in Vietnam. |
| Date: | 2020–11–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:kvpnz&r= |
| By: | , Le Thanh Tung |
| Abstract: | Vietnam is an Asian emerging country, which now is ranked in the group of the fastest-gro-wing economies worldwide. However, this economy has faced galloping inflation in recent years. So the Vietnamese experience is a valuable reference for the policymakers in the developing world in order to successfully control price volatility. Our study applies the Vector autoregressive method, the Johansen cointegration test, and the Granger causality test to examine the impact of fiscal and monetary policy on price volatility in Vietnam with a quarterly data sample collected over the period from 2004 to 2018. The study results confirm the existence of a long-term cointegration relationship between these policies and price volatility in Vietnam. Besides, the variance decomposition and impulse response function also show that the impact of these policies on inflation is clear, however, the fiscal policy more strongly affects inflation than the monetary policy. Finally, the Granger causality test also indicates one-way causality relationships from the government expenditure as well as the exchange rate to price volatility in the study period. |
| Date: | 2021–06–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:7u56v&r= |
| By: | Asegaf, M Maulana; Arfianti, Unix Izyah; Hamdani, Andra Rikhza |
| Abstract: | COVID-19 is an infection or spread of the CORONA virus. The spread of the Corona Virus in Indonesia itself includes a fairly fast spread due to the way it is spread which is quite easy. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic can still be felt today. The spread of COVID-19 that is evenly distributed in various provinces in Indonesia makes it difficult to handle and overcome it, therefore a grouping based on regions in Indonesia is needed. This grouping will produce a focal point for the spread of COVID-19 in various regions. This study uses the K-Means Clustering method to group data on the spread of COVID-19. This study tested the number of clusters using the Silhouette Index method to find out the optimal number of clusters of 2,3, 4, and 5 clusters. The results of the trial of the number of clusters in grouping the data on the spread of COVID-19 in each kelurahan in Surabaya using the K-Means Clustering method resulted in a good structure in the 3, 4, and 5 cluster trials, while the 2 cluster trial resulted in a strong structure with Silhouette. The index is 0.8021. |
| Date: | 2022–02–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:2gwrb&r= |
| By: | Ashikin, Alias Nurul; Diana, Mohd Idris Nor; Siwar, Chamhuri; Alam, Md. Mahmudul (Universiti Utara Malaysia); Yasar, Muhamad |
| Abstract: | The east coast of Malaysia is frequently hit by monsoon floods every year that severely impact people, particularly those living close to the river bank, which is considered to be the most vulnerable and high-risk areas. We aim to determine the most vulnerable area and understand affected residents of this community who are living in the most sensitive areas caused by flooding events in districts of Temerloh, Pekan, and Kuantan, Pahang. This study involved collecting data for vulnerability index components. A field survey and face-to-face interviews with 602 respondents were conducted 6 months after the floods by using a questionnaire evaluation based on the livelihood vulnerability index (LVI). The findings show that residents in the Temerloh district are at higher risk of flooding damage compared to those living in Pekan and Kuantan. Meanwhile, the contribution factor of LVI-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) showed that Kuantan is more exposed to the impact of climate change, fol-lowed by Temerloh and Pekan. Among all the principal components shown, food components were considered to be the most vulnerable. Meanwhile, water components were categorised as the most invulnerable. Preventive planning involves preserving human life, minimising damage to household products, preserving crops and animals, adequate supply of clean water and food, good health and ensuring financial sustainability as an indication of changing livelihoods, sustainable food-storing systems, and other protective steps to curb damage and injury caused by annual flood strikes. Information generated on LVI assessment and adaptation procedures will help policymakers reduce people’s vulnerability in the face of floods and ensure proper plans are put in place in all relevant areas. |
| Date: | 2020–12–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:4xyaj&r= |
| By: | Diana, Mohd Idris Nor; Muhamad, Nurfashareena; Taha, Mohd Raihan; Bari, Azizul; Alam, Md. Mahmudul (Universiti Utara Malaysia) |
| Abstract: | Landslides represent one of the world’s most dangerous and widespread risks, annually causing thousands of deaths and billions of dollars worth of damage. Building on and around hilly areas in many regions has increased, and it poses a severe threat to the physical infrastructure and people living within such zones. Quantitative assessment of social vulnerability in Malaysia is worrying because it has been given less attention than hazard-related studies. Therefore, this study’s objective is to find out the indicators used for social vulnerability assessment in the context of a landslide in Malaysia. The analysis is critical for understanding the measures of social vulnerability, given that the incorporation of climate change and disaster risk mitigation issues in urban planning and management are considered priorities in ensuring a stable popula-tion growth and avoiding economic disruption. A systematic study on the Scopus and Web of Science repositories was conducted based on the PRISMA Report analysis method. This article concluded that there are six important indicators of social vulnerability in the context of land-slide in Malaysia. |
| Date: | 2020–12–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:j2k3w&r= |
| By: | Kosuke Suzuki; Zahid Ismail; Wan Fazlin Nadia Wan Osman; Sugumar Saminathan; Mohamad Norjayadi Tamam; Zafrulla Hussein; Suriati Zainal Abidin; Halimahton Sa'diah Let; Mohamad Muzaffar Abdul Hamid; Nurrul Nur Aisyah Hamran; Suhaimi Hamad; Peter Gal; Francesco Losma; Laurence Todd; Eva Tène; Patrick Lenain |
| Abstract: | Before the COVID-19 pandemic, Malaysia undertook a series of vigorous reforms, ranging from the improvement of regulatory framework to the digitalisation of the economy, with the aim of boosting productivity. While the protracted pandemic has inevitably stalled reform efforts in many countries, including Malaysia, strengthening the business climate has become all the more important. This will be essential to achieve a robust recovery, accelerate digitalisation, and adopt a new working environment combining productivity and sanitary precautions. This paper discusses: 1) how Malaysia can reinvigorate business dynamism with new regulatory reforms; 2) how it can boost the uptake by businesses of digital solutions; and 3) based on the recent experience of teleworking, how it can prepare an enabling working environment for the digital age. |
| Keywords: | Digitalisation, Firm-Level Labour Productivity, Malaysia, Online Platforms, Product Market Regulation, Regulatory Reform, Skills Strategy, Telework |
| JEL: | D22 J08 O10 O30 O53 |
| Date: | 2022–03–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1702-en&r= |
| By: | Thanh, Nguyen Duc; Quyen, Luu Thi Truc; Tâm, Ngô Mỹ; Thao, Nguyen Thu; Thao, Nguyen Thi Phuong |
| Abstract: | Monetary policy is a very important macroeconomic regulatory policy of the state in a market. Economic researchers have shown that: To have a wise monetary policy suitable for each period is always a difficult "problem" economy, contributing to the success or failure of economic development. With the characteristics of Vietnam's economy, the choice of which tools and how to use them at specific stages of the economy is always a problem that must regularly be monitored and resolved. Especially in the context of a prolonged and increasingly complicated Covid-19 epidemic, the prospect of economic recovery remains uncertain. Therefore, operating monetary policy of the State Bank of Vietnam is an urgent issue. This paper gives an overall and comprehensive view of the impact of COVID-19 on inflation, banking, and production, and at the same time gives an overview and overview of our country's monetary policy so far, then proposes solutions for monetary policy in Vietnam. |
| Date: | 2022–02–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:2efd9&r= |
| By: | Quyen, Luu Thi Truc; Thanh, Nguyen Duc; Tâm, Ngô Mỹ; Thao, Nguyen Thu; Thao, Nguyen Thi Phuong |
| Abstract: | Monetary policy is a very important macroeconomic regulatory policy of the state in a market. Economic researchers have shown that: To have a wise monetary policy suitable for each period is always a difficult "problem" economy, contributing to the success or failure of economic development. With the characteristics of Vietnam's economy, the choice of which tools and how to use them at specific stages of the economy is always a problem that must regularly be monitored and resolved. Especially in the context of a prolonged and increasingly complicated Covid-19 epidemic, the prospect of economic recovery remains uncertain. Therefore, operating monetary policy of the State Bank of Vietnam is an urgent issue. This paper gives an overall and comprehensive view of the impact of COVID-19 on inflation, banking, and production, and at the same time gives an overview and overview of our country's monetary policy so far, then proposes solutions for monetary policy in Vietnam. |
| Date: | 2022–02–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:7gcxt&r= |
| By: | Qosim, Nanang |
| Abstract: | Dengan efek kejutan teroris yang bisa muncul kapan dan di mana saja, negara dan segenap institusi kontra teroris ke depan harus lebih memahami bentuk dan jejaring radikalisme karena gerakan ini–meminjam prinsip Tocquevillian (Fukuyama, 2001:8)– pada dasarnya sulit dipahami secara universal sebagaimana jika kita memperbandingkannya dengan gerakan fasis Mussolini di Italia yang berawal dari gerakan fasis tukang pukul yang menjadi gerakan politik untuk akhirnya memimpin pemerintahan dikator Italia. Apalagi embrio terorisme di Indonesia dalam banyak pengalaman sering mengikuti alur kejadian dan isu-isu penting yang berkembang di masyarakat. Negara memang tak mungkin secara maksimal melakukan taktik geosurveilance atau mengawasi seluruh aktivitas individu tiap warga seluruhnya atau tak serta-merta menerapkan politik propaganda demagog sembari mensimplifikasi solusi atas problem masyarakat terkait ancaman teroris yang ditimbulkan. Tetapi negara dengan kekuatan preventif keamanannya paling tidak dapat membangun mekanisme preventif dengan sedapat mungkin menyediakan semacam “kamera sirkuit tertutup” untuk memahami motif dan potensi yang memperluas aksi teror lewat manajemen dan koordinasi intelijen yang baik, menciptakan strategi pembinaan teritori orang-orang muda, bekerja sama dengan institusi agama, pendidikan, gerakan sosial produktif maupun politik. |
| Date: | 2021–04–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:q65gn&r= |
| By: | Rahmat, Al Fauzi |
| Abstract: | Artikel ini membahas tentang kondisi lingkungan hutan dan lahan yang dibingkai oleh berita online. Penelitian yang berfokus pada kondisi hutan dan lahan di provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat-NTB, Indonesia ini untuk mengidentifikasi bingkai pada konten artikel dari berita online. Analisis isi berita online didasarkan pada koding yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya. Studi empiris kualitatif dilakukan berdasarkan pada 31 berita di SuaraNTB.com yang membahas masalah kondisi hutan di NTB. Konten dianalisis dengan menggunakan software NVIVO 12 plus sebagai alat analisis data kualitatif, dengan beberapa tampilan query dan menggunakan model framing Robert M. Entman (1993) sebagai pisau analisanya dengan beberapa elemen kunci seperti mendefinisikan masalah, mendiagnosis penyebab, membuat penilaian moral, dan rekomendasi. Secara keseluruhan, berita online yang disiarkan oleh berita online SuaraNTB menyiratkan perlu adanya kebijakan pemerintah untuk menangani hutan yang semakin kritis. Ditemukan Motif ekonomi dibalik masalah lingkungan hutan dan lahan tersebut. Artikel ini berkontribusi untuk menemukan penyebab kompleksitas latar belakang hutan yang tidak lestari di provinsi NTB dan sebagai bahan utama untuk penelitian lebih lanjut. |
| Date: | 2021–12–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:zgbxq&r= |
| By: | Rendra A. Putra (Rikkyo University); Kostiantyn Ovsiannikov (School of Economics and Management, Kochi University of Technology); Koji Kotani (School of Economics and Management, Kochi University of Technology) |
| Abstract: | COVID-19 pandemic has substantially altered socioeconomic conditions around the world. While numerous existing studies analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among developed states, little is known about its effects on people’s lives and social discrepancies in emerging economies. To this end, we empirically analyze the 2020 Indonesian Labor Force Survey data, hypothesizing that COVID-19 has given idiosyncratic risks and impacts on people by gender, age, education, occupation and geography. We find that income loss and job loss are prominent among males, younger and less educated people as well as among self-employed and part-time non-agricultural workers. These tendencies are not pronounced for people enjoying high income and mobility, but tend to be evident for urban residents and those having dependents. Notably, self-employed people have the highest risk of losing income, while part-time urban workers face the highest probability of losing their jobs. We conclude that in the absence of special governmental subsidies targeting these disadvantaged groups, social discrepancies related to income and employment status are expected to widen even further due to the pandemic. |
| Keywords: | Labor force, Informal employment, Gender equality, COVID-19 |
| Date: | 2022–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kch:wpaper:sdes-2022-4&r= |
| By: | Benny, Dickson; Benson, Todd; Ivekolia, Mark; Kedir Jemal, Mekamu; Ovah, Raywin |
| Abstract: | If smallholder farming households in Papua New Guinea achieve higher crop productivity levels, progress will be made along several dimensions of the development vision for PNG – increasing GDP for the agricultural sector and the overall economy; driving growth, diversification, and transformation of local rural economies; improving food consumption; and reducing poverty. In this paper, we examine recent data on yields for the most important crops grown in PNG, assess what yields might be achieved based on productivity data from areas of Indonesia with similar growing conditions, and sketch where policy reforms could provide incentives and access to technologies to achieve higher crop yields by all farmers across PNG. |
| Keywords: | PAPUA NEW GUINEA; OCEANIA; agricultural productivity; policies; crop yield; cash crops; smallholders; agriculture; food security; poverty reduction |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprwp:134987&r= |
| By: | Johansson, Anders C. (Stockholm China Economic Research Institute); Engvall, Anders (Stockholm China Economic Research Institute) |
| Abstract: | We study the effect of military factionalization on the likelihood of military coups. Thailand’s military is characterized by the internal power struggle between factions for control of leadership positions an annual reshuffle. Utilizing a unique largescale dataset of all changes in Thai military leadership positions from 1968 to 2018, we identify key factions within the military and examine their potential role in military coups. Factional strength as measured by control of top military positions is positively associated with the likelihood of a military coup. Moreover, factional strength when measured by senior-level positions is also positively related to the likelihood of a military coup. By estimating a panel vector autoregression it is shown that the relationship between military factional strength and coups is unidirectional. We argue that these findings reflect the importance of understanding the dynamic mechanisms within the structure of the armed forces when examining the likelihood of a new coups d’état in countries characterized by recurring military power grabs. |
| Keywords: | military; military coup; coup d’état; factions; Thailand |
| JEL: | D72 H56 N40 |
| Date: | 2022–03–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:hascer:2022-054&r= |
| By: | Ho, Christine (Singapore Management University) |
| Abstract: | Whereas the literature has found that elderly parents may use bequests to reward children who provide them with time support, there is limited evidence on whether younger less needy parents may base their intended bequest division on alternative forms of support from children. Using a large-scale dataset of middle-aged and older Singaporeans, I find that parents intend to leave larger bequest shares to coresident children and to children who provide greater material support. Parents also intend to bequeath more to children in whom they confide frequently while they bequeath more to children in whom they rarely confide when the latter give them greater material support. The results suggest that parents may interpret physical and emotional proximity to children as signs of filiality for which they may reward children while detached children may earn such rewards through material support. These findings may have broader implications for both individual and societal well-being. |
| Keywords: | coresidence; material transfers; filial piety; intended bequest division |
| Date: | 2021–09–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:smuesw:2021_011&r= |
| By: | Benny, Dickson; Benson, Todd; Ivekolia, Mark; Kedir Jemal, Mekamu; Ovah, Raywin |
| Abstract: | In a recent working paper, we examine staple and cash crop production yields in Papua New Guinea (PNG). In doing so, we assess the yield gap (difference between the crop yields farmers commonly obtain and what they might realize with optimal inputs and crop management) for the main staple food crops in PNG. The yield gap for sweet potato is the smallest (1/4 - 1/3 less than attainable yields), while banana shows the largest yield gap at about ¾ less than what might be achieved under intensive cultivation. In addition, we compare PNG agricultural output with areas of similar growing conditions in Indonesia to provide insight into potential investments to further spur agricultural productivity in PNG. Finally, we assess current sector policies in PNG that aim to support agricultural development as an engine for economic growth. |
| Keywords: | PAPUA NEW GUINEA; OCEANIA; agricultural productivity; policies; crop yield; cash crops; smallholders; agriculture; food security; poverty reduction |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:prnote:135003&r= |
| By: | 子, 鬼谷 |
| Abstract: | Ours arrived under mysterious circumstances in Wuhan, China sometime in the last quarter of 2019. In the memorable words of New York Governor Andrew Cuomo, the Covid-19 virus then “got on a plane” and became a super-spreading global pandemic in a matter of months. The human toll is devastating — over 80 million infected and over 1.7 million deaths as I write this. Over a century ago and during World War I no less, the world witnessed the devastating “Spanish flu” pandemic, which according to the U.S. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention infected 500 million people and killed over 50 million, with an estimated 20 million in Asia alone, although precise numbers are hard to come by. Pandemics are named pandemics because their human toll is on a global scale and devastating. |
| Date: | 2021–03–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:4bnaw&r= |
| By: | 子, 鬼谷 |
| Abstract: | Ours arrived under mysterious circumstances in Wuhan, China sometime in the last quarter of 2019. In the memorable words of New York Governor Andrew Cuomo, the Covid-19 virus then “got on a plane” and became a super-spreading global pandemic in a matter of months. The human toll is devastating — over 80 million infected and over 1.7 million deaths as I write this. Over a century ago and during World War I no less, the world witnessed the devastating “Spanish flu” pandemic, which according to the U.S. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention infected 500 million people and killed over 50 million, with an estimated 20 million in Asia alone, although precise numbers are hard to come by. Pandemics are named pandemics because their human toll is on a global scale and devastating. |
| Date: | 2021–03–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:m4nw7&r= |
| By: | International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) |
| Abstract: | Historically, agriculture was seen as a contribution that helped induce industrial growth and structural transformation of the economy. The structural transformation where the share of agriculture in gross domestic product (GDP) and employment declines as per capita income rises is well documented. Classical theorists, led by Lewis (1954), viewed economic development as a growth process of relocating factors of production from an agricultural sector characterized by low productivity and the use of traditional technology to a modern industrial sector with higher productivity. Economic transformation is triggered when agriculture realizes enough surplus in the form of food and commodities and product and factor markets begin to integrate across space, and workers begin to move out of agriculture to meet the demands of a growing industrial sector. |
| Keywords: | VIET NAM; VIETNAM; MYANMAR; BURMA; SOUTHEAST ASIA; ASIA; agricultural trade; agricultural development; agricultural productivity; value chains; markets; innovation; farming systems; economic growth; agricultural transformation; market integration |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:resrep:135046&r= |
| By: | Kurniawan, Fuat Edi (Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)) |
| Abstract: | Salah satu konsekuensi terpenting dari wabah Coronavirus ini adalah terciptanya kecemasan sosial di tengah masyarakat. Hal ini telah menimbulkan keprihatinan serius bagi masyarakat secara luas, bahkan wilayah yang minim kasus terkonfirmasi sekalipun. Rasa cemas dari seluruh kalangan usia, menandai bagaimana masyarakat kita rentan dalam menghadapi risiko. Pandemi ini memang tidak membuat semua orang sama. Tentu saja, dengan COVID-19 kita melihat perbedaan dalam risiko kerentanan berdasarkan usia, kelas ekonomi, pekerjaan, dan sebagainya. Kelompok-kelompok tertentu menjadi lebih terpinggirkan dalam hal mengakses sumber daya seperti pengujian dan perawatan medis. Secara khusus, pandemi ini juga telah menyoroti kerentanan orang-orang dalam berbagai jenis pekerjaan. Banyak dari masyarakat kita yang terdampak pandemi ini termasuk dalam golongan berpenghasilan rendah. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa betapa eratnya hubungan pekerjaan dengan kerentanan dalam menghadapi risiko pandemi ini. Apa yang terjadi ketika pekerjaan itu hilang, dan berapa banyak orang saat ini mengalami precarious work situations atau situasi kerja yang berbahaya dan rapuh, seharusnya menjadi perhatian penting. Dari dampak ini, secara logis memunculkan masyarakat miskin baru di tengah pandemi Covid-19. |
| Date: | 2021–01–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:mr5ft&r= |
| By: | Réka Soós; Andrew Whiteman; Gabriela Gavgas |
| Abstract: | This paper provides estimates of the cost of preventing land-based plastic leakage into the ocean, covering 38 OECD member countries and 10 selected major plastic waste emitters in Asia and Africa. The study estimates capital costs at EUR 54 billion in the Moderate Ambition scenario and EUR 74 billion in the High Ambition scenario. The annualised per-capita costs range between EUR 0.2 to 6.5 in the Moderate Ambition scenario and from EUR 0.8 to 6.5 in the High Ambition scenario. These cost estimates are much lower than UNEP and ISWA estimates of the cost of inaction of inadequate waste management, roughly USD 9 to 45 per capita. Differences in estimated costs are found to depend on countries’ waste policy stringency and waste management infrastructure. This paper contributes to OECD work in support of a sustainable ocean economy and the Global Plastics Outlook report. |
| Keywords: | circular economy, extended producer responsibility, leakage, marine litter, plastic, product stewardship, resource efficiency, sustainable consumption, waste management |
| JEL: | H23 Q51 Q52 Q53 |
| Date: | 2022–03–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:envaaa:190-en&r= |
| By: | Kumar, Dr Piyush (Government of Bihar , India) |
| Abstract: | According to the WHO, the prevalence of lifetime intimate partner related violence range is about 20% in Western Pacific, 22% in high-income countries and Europe (HIC) and 25% in WHO Americas Regions, 33% in WHO African region, 31% in WHO Eastern Mediterranean region, and like American region 33% in the WHO South-East Asia region. 38% of women murders are committed by intimate partners. The Crime rate in India reported by the NCRB says that crime against women occurs at the rate of one crime against women per 1.7 minutes, and domestic abuse/violence at rate of one per 4.4 minutes. The act of violence against women is a global pandemic and policy makers as well as government should take urgent attention with action to halt the progression of this pandemic. The available data of complaints of violence against women may represent the iceberg of violence complaints and the real number of such complaints may be several times bigger due to under-reporting as well as unable to report by the victims. Violence against women is a global problem, affecting women around the world irrespective of age, races, education, ethnicity, groups, economy classes and nationalities. Sometimes in situation of disaster like covid-19 pandemic it may be a life-threatening situation for an individual woman. In India due to a huge female population, illiteracy, equity issues, gender issues, religious issues, lack of positive deviance, illiteracy, socio-economic factors, migration after marriage and in search of job from rural to urban areas, inaccessibility to seek legal help, the safety of women is of prime concern. The key aim of this observational retrospective cross-sectional comparative mixed research study is to find out impact of SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 Pandemic era on Prevalence of complaints of violence against women in India, across 36 different states and union territories from the beginning of the pandemic i.e. January 2020 and comparing it with previous six pre-pandemic years. The objective is to find out that the ongoing covid-19 pandemic years has a positive or negative effect over prevalence of complaints of violence against women. Data from NCW (National Commission for Women) which set up by Act No. 20 of 1990 of Govt. of India as constitutional/ legislative body in January 1992 under the (National Commission for Women) NCW Act, 1990, is extracted, observed, analysed for this research study with Microsoft office and stata software. The period of study is from January 2014 to 2022 December (projected). This is an observational retrospective cross-sectional comparative mixed research study. The ongoing three years of covid-19 pandemic i.e. 2020 and 2021, 2022 is compared to previous pre-pandemic years to know the impact of covid-19 on complaints of violence against women in India. Increase in prevalence of complaint of violence against women in India is revealed in this research study during covid-19 pandemic years as compared to pre-pandemic era under observation except 2014. During the 2021, second year of covid-19 pandemic the total numbers of violence complaint Report of the Complaints Received by NCW was 30865 which is an increase by 55.03 percent compared to 2018 and 56.43 % as compared to 2019. This research study found that National Commission for Women is expected to receive 35287 complaints of crimes committed against women in 2022 as per current trends, the highest in the last eight years. The barriers in delivery of legal and protective system and helpful services etc. should be rectified. A proper dynamic plan for women protection services working even in pandemics and natural disasters should be enforced and implemented. |
| Date: | 2022–02–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:hn4d5&r= |
| By: | Trang, Phạm Hà; , Le Thu Trang |
| Abstract: | Với khả năng càn quét trên phạm vi toàn cầu một cách khốc liệt, COVID-19 để lại sức ảnh hưởng tiêu cực to lớn chưa từng có tiền lệ lên nhiều khía cạnh khác nhau của xã hội như kinh tế, giáo dục, lao động, người dân, đời sống sinh hoạt,… và không thể không kể đến là các doanh nghiệp. Ảnh hưởng của đại dịch gây ra thách thức lớn, là bài toán hoàn toàn mới cho các doanh nghiệp hay nói rộng ra là cho sự tăng trưởng kinh tế của Việt Nam. Những chính sách Chính phủ đưa ra cho là đảm bảo khắc phục được tính cấp thiết của vấn đề, hoàn toàn hợp lí và là một đòn bẩy thúc đẩy sự đổi mới về hình thức cũng như đổi mới về tư duy của các doanh nghiệp. |
| Date: | 2022–02–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:8z5x9&r= |
| By: | Vuong, Bui Nhat (Vietnam Aviation Academy) |
| Abstract: | Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là để khám phá các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến sự hài lòng của du khách nội địa đối với chất lượng dịch vụ du lịch sinh thái. Dữ liệu khảo soát đã thu thập từ 257 du khách đến thăm quan tại tỉnh Cà Mau đã được phân tích để cung cấp bằng chứng. Kết quả từ phân tích hồi quy bội bởi sử dụng phần mềm SPSS đã cho thấy rằng dịch vụ ăn uống, mua sắm, và giải trí, giá cả cảm nhận, phong cảnh du lịch, an ninh trật tự và an toàn, phương tiện vận chuyển đã có liên kết tích cực với sự hài lòng của du khách nội địa. Bên cạnh đó, nghiên cứu cũng chỉ ra rằng có những du khách nữ có khuynh hướng hài lòng cao hơn những du khách nam. Những phát hiện chính của nghiên cứu này cung cấp các hàm ý thực tiễn cho công ty lữ hành và các nhà quản lý du lịch để mà duy trì và nâng cao sự hài lòng của du khách nội địa đối với chất lượng dịch vụ du lịch sinh thái tỉnh Cà Mau. |
| Date: | 2021–05–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:axzcq&r= |