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on South East Asia |
| By: | Minot, Nicholas; Balie, Jean; Valera, Harold Glenn A. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, International Development, Research Methods/Statistical Methods |
| Date: | 2021–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea21:313976&r= |
| By: | Valera, Harold Glenn A.; Yamano, Takashi; Pede, Valerien O. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade, International Development |
| Date: | 2021–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea21:313904&r= |
| By: | COVID-19 Hub |
| Abstract: | In Myanmar, the COVID-19 pandemic and political upheaval have both had significant economic and social repercussions. CGIAR has been working with partners in the country to assess the economic impacts of the pandemic and their consequences for agrifood system (AFS) supply chains. |
| Keywords: | MYANMAR, BURMA, SOUTHEAST ASIA, ASIA, food systems, Coronavirus, coronavirus disease, Coronavirinae, COVID-19, economic impact, research, innovation, welfare, pandemics, chickens, eggs, value chains, |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cvdhcn:myanmar&r= |
| By: | Nakamura, Nobuyuki; Suzuki, Aya |
| Keywords: | International Development, Labor and Human Capital, Research Methods/Statistical Methods |
| Date: | 2021–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea21:313861&r= |
| By: | Annelies Deuss; Csaba Gaspar; Marcel Bruins |
| Abstract: | Trade in seeds is key to guarantee access to food across the globe. COVID-19 led to concerns that seed supply chains would be disrupted and that countries relying on imported seed would not have sufficient supplies for the upcoming season. Focusing on the impact of COVID-19 from the perspective of seed companies and the formal seed sector, this study shows that the global seed sector was reasonably resilient during the crisis, although seed companies headquartered in the Asia Pacific region were more negatively affected than their counterparts in other regions. The two main bottlenecks were the availability of staff in the seed production chain and in government administrations, and the distribution of seed to farmers. Building a more resilient seed supply chain will require policies to ensure the uninterrupted production and movement of seed during lockdowns; the further development of international seed supply chains; and the diversification of seed production. Digitalisation could also improve the availability of information on seed production and trade, enabling faster government responses to disruptions. |
| Keywords: | Asia, Digitilisation, International supply chain, Vegetable seeds |
| JEL: | Q12 Q13 Q16 Q17 Q18 |
| Date: | 2021–10–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:agraaa:168-en&r= |
| By: | Sook Fern Yeo (Faculty of Business, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Kah Boon Lim Author-2-Workplace-Name: "Faculty of Business, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia " Author-3-Name: Yiin Chii Ong Author-3-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Business, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia Author-4-Name: Cheng Ling Tan Author-4-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Business, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | "Objective - The global spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused a negative impact on the global economy. Customers' purchasing habits are also shifting from traditional store visits to online store purchases. Millennials or Generation Y constitute a large proportion of consumers across the global digital space. Hence, the main objective of this study is to examine the purchase intention of millennials towards online fashion stores during COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology/Technique - A set of self-administered questionnaires has been distributed to 230 respondents which age range from 20 years old to 40 years old in three states of Malaysia which are Johor, Melaka, and Selangor. The five independent variables which are fashion innovativeness, perceived security, perceived value, information quality and cost saving have been tested on their relationship towards the dependent variable which is purchasing intention towards online fashion. The collected data were keyed into SPSS version 25 and followed by using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM 3.3.3) to assess the hypothesis. Findings - The research findings indicated that the key factors of fashion innovativeness, information quality and cost saving which have significant relationship towards the millennials' purchase intention from online fashion stores during COVID-19 pandemic. Novelty - To the authors' knowledge, this is the first methodological study which include the five independent variables to examine millennial's purchasing intention towards online fashion during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of this research will help e-retailers of online fashion stores understand the factors that influence millennials' purchase intentions. Type of Paper - Empirical." |
| JEL: | M30 M31 |
| Date: | 2021–09–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr280&r= |
| By: | Noorul Azwin Md Nasir (Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Hafiza Aishah Hashim Author-2-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Business Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Noorshella Che Nawi Author-3-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia Author-4-Name: "Mohd Nor Hakimin Yusof" Author-4-Workplace-Name: "Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia " Author-5-Name: Nur Athirah Mohd Aluwi Author-5-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | "Objective - A rising number of cases involving ethical misconduct within firms have of late received considerable attention in Malaysia. Despite the country's declaring having a strong corporate governance policy, strengthened through the Code of Ethics for Company Directors and Malaysia Code of Corporate Governance, unethical practices, and lack of integrity within firms remain an issue. This paper aims to review the current implementation of corporate ethical conducts among corporate governance practitioners as well as factors that influence corporate ethics commitment in a firm. Methodology/Technique - This paper is developed from extensive readings of previous literature on corporate governance practices and their effect on the quality of financial reports. Findings - This paper discloses collective approaches of corporate ethics practiced in Malaysian firms and how the implementation has enhanced the firms' overall financial reporting quality. It demonstrates current issues and the importance of corporate ethics commitment to enhance financial reporting quality. Firms that emphasize ethical commitments, reduce the risk of financial statement fraud and firms will naturally gain trust from their stakeholders. Novelty - This paper stresses the importance of sound ethical conduct above other factors that influence the financial reporting quality of firms in Malaysia. This paper is the result of extensive research on corporate ethics commitment and financial reporting quality. Type of Paper - Review." |
| Keywords: | Corporate Ethics; Corporate Governance; Financial Reporting Quality |
| JEL: | G34 M41 |
| Date: | 2021–09–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:afr201&r= |
| By: | Binti Shofiatul Jannah ("Post-Graduate Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Brawijaya, Mayjend Haryono Street 165, 6515, Malang, Indonesia" Author-2-Name: Iwan Triyuwono Author-2-Workplace-Name: "Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Brawijaya, Mayjend Haryono Street 165, 6515, Malang, Indonesia" Author-3-Name: AjiDedi Mulawarman Author-3-Workplace-Name: "Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Brawijaya, Mayjend Haryono Street 165, 6515, Malang, Indonesia " Author-4-Name: Bambang Hariadi Author-4-Workplace-Name: "Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Brawijaya, Mayjend Haryono Street 165, 6515, Malang, Indonesia" Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | "Objective - Accounting has been defined as the art of recording since it is trapped at a technical level. However, accounting as a symbol have different meanings for different people depending on one's interests, goals, knowledge, and perspectives. The aim of this study was to better understand the meaning of accounting in religious organizations, especially in pesantren (Indonesian Islamic boarding schools). Methodology/Technique - In the interpretive paradigm, this study uses Husserl's transcendental phenomenological theory. Data analysis begins with identifying noema (texture analysis), then obtaining noesis through bracketing (structural analysis). Furthermore, understanding the noema-noesis relationship results in deliberate analysis. Finally, the whole process of generating pure consciousness is called eidetic reduction. Findings - Each informant has a different meaning to accounting depending on individual experience. Beyond materialism, the meaning of accounting is fascinating. According to the findings of the study, accounting has two meanings: first, accounting is ikhlas (sincere), and second, accounting is a discipline. Novelty - Accounting will not be separated from theology and spirituality, especially accounting applied in religious organizations. Based on the experience of ""I"", accounting has a different meaning from conventional accounting. Type of Paper - Empirical." |
| Keywords: | Accounting; Interpretive; Pesantren; Transcendental Phenomenology. |
| JEL: | M41 M49 |
| Date: | 2021–09–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:afr200&r= |
| By: | Nur Hidayah Che Ahmat (Faculty of Hotel and Tourism Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Permatang Pauh Campus, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Syafiqah Rahamat Author-2-Workplace-Name: Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Susan Wohlsdorf Arendt Author-3-Workplace-Name: Department of Apparel, Events, and Hospitality Management, Iowa State University, Iowa, United States of America Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | "Objective - This paper provides an overview of the COVID-19 crisis and the impact of restriction orders on the hospitality industry in Malaysia. The authors review existing studies related to COVID-19 and the hospitality industry while focusing on challenges faced by the hospitality industry in Malaysia. Then, the authors summarize the socioeconomic impact of COVID-19 on the hospitality industry. Methodology/Technique - This paper examines previous COVID-19 related research published in top-tier hospitality journals during the pandemic period of December 2019 to September 2021. Research studies were categorized by topic area, hospitality industry segment, and research methods used. Additionally, the authors explored the socioeconomic impact of the COVID-19 on hospitality industry using content analysis. Findings - Most articles focused on administration/strategy, marketing, and human resources. The findings showed some potential shifts in the methods used by researchers who published during the pandemic. The findings revealed that the pandemic has negatively impacted the socioeconomic situation in many countries. Employment, public safety, finance, and physical and mental health are among the pressing issues highlighted by most researchers. Based on the findings, the authors provide insights and recommendations for further research. Novelty - This paper represents a pioneering attempt to identify a potentially unexplored area of research related to COVID-19, particularly in Malaysia. The novelty of this paper is that the authors provide substantial discussion on the socioeconomic impact of the COVID-19 on various countries' hospitality and tourism industries. Type of Paper - Empirical." |
| Keywords: | Foodservice; Hospitality; Hotel; Malaysia; Pandemic; Socioeconomic impact; Tourism. |
| JEL: | Z30 |
| Date: | 2021–09–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber206&r= |
| By: | Muhammad Apriandito Arya Saputra; Andry Alamsyah; Fajar Ibnu Fatihan |
| Abstract: | Topline hotels are now shifting into the digital way in how they understand their customers to maintain and ensuring satisfaction. Rather than the conventional way which uses written reviews or interviews, the hotel is now heavily investing in Artificial Intelligence particularly Machine Learning solutions. Analysis of online customer reviews changes the way companies make decisions in a more effective way than using conventional analysis. The purpose of this research is to measure hotel service quality. The proposed approach emphasizes service quality dimensions reviews of the top-5 luxury hotel in Indonesia that appear on the online travel site TripAdvisor based on section Best of 2018. In this research, we use a model based on a simple Bayesian classifier to classify each customer review into one of the service quality dimensions. Our model was able to separate each classification properly by accuracy, kappa, recall, precision, and F-measure measurements. To uncover latent topics in the customer's opinion we use Topic Modeling. We found that the common issue that occurs is about responsiveness as it got the lowest percentage compared to others. Our research provides a faster outlook of hotel rank based on service quality to end customers based on a summary of the previous online review. |
| Date: | 2021–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2110.06133&r= |
| By: | Michelle Escobar Carias; David Johnston; Rachel Knott; Rohan Sweeney |
| Abstract: | The empirical evidence suggests that key accumulation decisions and risky choices associated with economic development depend, at least in part, on economic preferences such as willingness to take risk and patience. This paper studies whether temperature could be one of the potential channels that influences such economic preferences. Using data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey and NASAs Modern Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications data we exploit quasi exogenous variations in outdoor temperatures caused by the random allocation of survey dates. This approach allows us to estimate the effects of temperature on elicited measures of risk aversion, rational choice violations, and impatience. We then explore three possible mechanisms behind this relationship, cognition, sleep, and mood. Our findings show that higher temperatures lead to significantly increased rational choice violations and impatience, but do not significantly increase risk aversion. These effects are mainly driven by night time temperatures on the day prior to the survey and less so by temperatures on the day of the survey. This impact is quasi linear and increasing when midnight outdoor temperatures are above 22C. The evidence shows that night time temperatures significantly deplete cognitive functioning, mathematical skills in particular. Based on these findings we posit that heat induced night time disturbances cause stress on critical parts of the brain, which then manifest in significantly lower cognitive functions that are critical for individuals to perform economically rational decision making. |
| Date: | 2021–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2110.05611&r= |
| By: | Nchofoung, Tii; Achuo, Elvis; Asongu, Simplice |
| Abstract: | This study aims to empirically verify the effects of natural resource rents on inclusive human development in developing countries. The results from the IV Tobit regression show that natural resource rents have a positive direct effect on inclusive human development in developing countries and that this relationship varies by regional groupings, income levels, level of development and export structure. Looking at the transmission mechanisms, when the interactive variables of governance and environmental quality is introduced, the modulating channel through governance exerts a robust negative synergy effect in the sample of developing countries and positive synergy effects for Africa and low-income countries. When the interactive variable of CO2 emissions is introduced for Africa, a negative net effect of natural resource rents on inclusive human development is obtained. This was up to a policy threshold of 25.4412 of CO2 emissions when the negative effect is nullified. For Asia and the Latin America and Caribbean, a positive net effect is obtained. This is up to a CO2 emissions threshold of 29.038 and 3.6752 respectively, when the positive effect is nullified. Besides, the high income and the upper-middle income countries produce a negative net effect of resource rents on inclusive human development through CO2 modulation, with up to positive CO2 emission thresholds of 37.9365 and 23.6257 respectively. Policy implications are highlighted. In summary, contingent on engaged specificities, where conditional effects are negative, negative thresholds for complementary policies have been provided and in scenarios where conditional impacts are positive, actionable positive thresholds have been provided. |
| Keywords: | Resource Rents, Inclusive Human Development, Institutional Quality, Environmental Quality |
| JEL: | C23 O11 P48 |
| Date: | 2021–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:110139&r= |
| By: | Rönnbäck, Klas; Broberg, Oskar; Galli, Stefania |
| Abstract: | Historical rates of return on investments have received increasing scholarly attention in recent years. Much literature has focused especially on colonies, where institutions have been argued to facilitate severe exploitation. In the present study, we examine the return on investments in an Asian colony, British Malaya, from 1889 to 1969 for a large sample of companies. Our results suggest that the return on investments in Malaya might have been among the highest in the world during the period studied. Nevertheless, this finding fits badly with theories of imperial exploitation and can only to a limited extent be explained by a higher risk premium. Instead, we argue that the main driver of the very high return on investments in Malaya was rather the substantial rise in global market prices of the output of the two main sectors of the Malayan economy, rubber and tin. The way that the process of decolonization unfolded in Malaya did, furthermore, not lead to any major nationalization of foreign-held assets, and did thereby not disrupt the return on investment in the region in the same way as decolonization did to the return on investment in some other colonies. |
| Keywords: | Asia; colonialism; imperialism; Malaya; return on investments; twentieth century |
| JEL: | N0 |
| Date: | 2021–02–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:112145&r= |
| By: | Greif, Adi; Geyer, Judy |
| Keywords: | International Development, Research Methods/Statistical Methods, Agricultural Finance |
| Date: | 2021–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea21:314033&r= |