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on South East Asia |
| By: | Stads, Gert-Jan; Nin-Pratt, Alejandro; Omot, Norah; Pham, Nguyen Thi |
| Abstract: | Southeast Asia made considerable progress in building and strengthening its agricultural R&D capacity during 2000–2017. All of the region’s countries reported higher numbers of agricultural researchers, improvements in their average qualification levels, and higher shares of women participating in agricultural R&D. In contrast, regional agricultural research spending remained stagnant, despite considerable growth in agricultural output over time. As a result, Southeast Asia’s agricultural research intensity—that is, agricultural research spending as a share of agricultural GDP—steadily declined from 0.50 percent in 2000 to just 0.33 percent in 2017. Although the extent of underinvestment in agricultural research differs across countries, all Southeast Asian countries invested below the levels deemed attainable based on the analysis summarized in this report. The region will need to increase its agricultural research investment substantially in order to address future agricultural production challenges more effectively and ensure productivity growth. Southeast Asia’s least developed agricultural research systems (Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar) are characterized by low scientific output and researcher productivity as a direct consequence of severe underfunding and lack of sufficient well-qualified research staff. While Malaysia and Thailand have significantly more developed agricultural research systems, they still report key inefficiencies and resource constraints that require attention. Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam occupy intermediate positions between these two groups of high- and low-performing agricultural research systems. Growing national economies, higher disposable incomes, and changing consumption patterns will prompt considerable shifts in levels of agricultural production, consumption, imports, and exports across Southeast Asia over the next 20 to 30 years. The resource-allocation decisions that governments make today will affect agricultural productivity for decades to come. Governments therefore need to ensure the research they undertake is responsive to future challenges and opportunities, and aligned with strategic development and agricultural sector plans. ASTI’s projections reveal that prioritizing investment in staple crops will still trigger fastest agricultural productivity growth in Laos. However, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam could achieve faster growth over the next 30 years by prioritizing investment in research focused on fruit, vegetables, livestock, and aquaculture. In Cambodia, Myanmar, and Thailand, the choice between focusing on staple crops versus high-value commodities was less pronounced, but projections did indicate that prioritizing investments in oil crop research would trigger significantly lower growth in agricultural productivity. |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:astisr:134063&r=all |
| By: | Stads, Gert-Jan; Surahman, Arif; Omot, Norah; Nin-Pratt, Alejandro; Pham, Nguyen Thi |
| Abstract: | Indonesian agricultural R&D spending declined steadily in the decade leading to 2017 (in inflation-adjusted terms). The country’s agricultural research spending as a share of AgGDP also fell substantially, from 0.48 percent in 2004 to just 0.17 percent in 2017. This ratio is among the lowest in Southeast Asia. |
| Keywords: | INDONESIA, SOUTH EAST ASIA, ASIA, agricultural research, agricultural policies, investment, scientists, researchers, research spending |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:asticb:134051&r=all |
| By: | Stads, Gert-Jan; Nguyen, Pham Thi; Suu, Tran Danh; Nin-Pratt, Alejandro; Xuan, Pham Thi; Omot, Norah; Bo, Nguyen Van |
| Abstract: | Agricultural research spending in Vietnam has increased steadily since 2000. Nonetheless, as of 2017, Vietnam only invested 0.20 percent of its AgGDP in agricultural research, which is insufficient to address the multitude of challenges the agricultural sector is facing. The country has made considerable progress in building its agricultural research capacity. Average degree levels of scientists have improved markedly over time. Recent growth in agricultural research spending and staffing is likely to be reversed in the coming years because the Vietnamese government plans to reduce public research staffing and take steps to stimulate private research and funding. |
| Keywords: | VIET NAM, VIETNAM, SOUTH EAST ASIA, ASIA, agricultural research, agricultural policies, investment, scientists, researchers, research spending |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:asticb:134055&r=all |
| By: | Goeb, Joseph; Zu, A Myint; Zone, Phoo Pye; Synt, Nang Lun Kham; Boughton, Duncan; Maredia, Mywish K. |
| Abstract: | To understand how Myanmar’s crop marketing system has been affected by the COVID-19 crisis, phone interviews were conducted with more than 100 agricultural commodity traders roughly every 30 days from late May until early August 2020. A round of qualitative interviews was also conducted with key informants on land-trading routes to China, Thailand, and India. Key findings • Traders who reported that the pandemic is affecting their business in any way declined from 77 percent in late May to 43 percent in early August. Buying and marketing challenges were the most common disruptions reported in early August, followed by difficulties in collecting repayments on credit lent out to farmers. Increasing numbers of traders also reported difficulties in obtaining new loans or credit for their business. • Higher shares of traders reported year-on-year decreases both in credit provision and in wholesale trading volumes in August compared to June. • More traders report a decrease in competition than an increase since the crisis began. • Crop buying and selling prices have been stable on average between April and August. • Border gate closures at the China (Muse), Thailand (Myawaddy), and India (Tamu) borders have resulted in drastic reductions in overland exports of agricultural commodities since March 2020. Key informants said that there has been almost no crop trading to China and India, while exports to Thailand are down over half compared to a year ago. Recommended actions • Coordinate domestic transport restrictions put in place in response to the recent second wave of COVID-19 to allow continued domestic trade of agricultural commodities. • Facilitate safe exports of agricultural commodities. This should be done with formal agreements and government investments in monitoring and infrastructure. If borders remain closed into the monsoon harvest season later in 2020, farmers should expect to receive poor prices for their crops. • Quickly expand the provision of loans for working capital to crop traders (CERP Action 2.1.1). This will enable traders to continue their buying activities through the coming harvest and prevent a possible decline in competition in the sector. • Continue the waiver of the 2 percent withholding tax for crop traders (CERP Action 2.1.3). |
| Keywords: | MYANMAR, BURMA, SOUTHEAST ASIA, ASIA, Coronavirus, coronavirus disease, Coronavirinae, COVID-19, agriculture, commodities, trade, crops, marketing |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:myanpn:32&r=all |
| By: | Stads, Gert-Jan; Omot, Norah; Bandrapiwat, Isiwat; Nin-Pratt, Alejandro; Pham, Nguyen Thi; Thaingam, Jintawee |
| Abstract: | Agricultural research investment in Thailand rose gradually during 2013–2017, largely driven by increased spending by the country’s livestock, forestry, and rice departments. |
| Keywords: | THAILAND, SOUTH EAST ASIA, ASIA, agricultural research, agricultural policies, investment, scientists, researchers, research spending |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:asticb:134049&r=all |
| By: | Stads, Gert-Jan; Ali, Roslina Binti; Omot, Norah; Nin-Pratt, Alejandro; Pham, Nguyen Thi |
| Abstract: | Malaysia’s total agricultural research spending remained stagnant in the decade leading to 2017, averaging around 0.9 to 1.0 billion ringgit per year (in constant 2011 prices). |
| Keywords: | MALAYSIA, SOUTHEAST ASIA, ASIA, agricultural research, agricultural policies, investment, scientists, researchers, research spending |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:asticb:134054&r=all |
| By: | Stads, Gert-Jan; San, Cho Cho; Khing, Aeintjue Kay; Omot, Norah; Pham, Nguyen Thi; Nin-Pratt, Alejandro; Boughton, Duncan; Win, Su Su; Kyi, Thanda |
| Abstract: | Despite a considerable increase in agricultural research spending in recent years, Myanmar is still seriously underinvesting. At just 0.06 percent in 2017, the country’s agricultural research intensity ratio (that is, spending as a share of AgGDP) is one of the lowest in the world. The number of agricultural researchers has grown steadily over time, as has the average qualification level of researchers. The majority of researchers are crop scientists, however, leaving other important areas (notably livestock and fisheries) severely underresearched. ADS was launched in 2018 to address many of the challenges that Myanmar’s national agricultural research system is facing, including severe underinvestment, organizational fragmentation, limited geographic dispersion of research, neglected research domains, and an ineffective extension system. |
| Keywords: | MYANMAR, BURMA, SOUTHEAST ASIA, ASIA, agricultural research, agricultural policies, investment, scientists, researchers, research spending |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:asticb:134053&r=all |
| By: | Stads, Gert-Jan; Chanthy, Pol; Nin-Pratt, Alejandro; Omot, Norah; Pham, Nguyen Thi; Makara, Ouk |
| Abstract: | Despite a considerable increase in agricultural research spending in recent years, Cambodia is still grossly underinvesting. At just 0.22 percent in 2017, the country’s agricultural research intensity ratio (that is, spending as a share of AgGDP) is very low. |
| Keywords: | CAMBODIA, SOUTH EAST ASIA, ASIA, agricultural research, agricultural policies, investment, scientists, researchers, research spending |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:asticb:134052&r=all |
| By: | Goeb, Joseph; Zone, Phoo Pye; Tang, Yulu |
| Abstract: | This is the second policy note in a series presenting the results from telephone surveys with approximately 400 rice millers in three important rice-growing regions of Myanmar: Ayeyarwady, Bago, and Yangon. Mills are the most important link between farms and consumers in the rice value chain. In addition to drying, milling, processing, and storing rice, mills also buy paddy directly from farmers and often provide farmers with inputs on credit. Thus, any shocks to rice mills will impact both rural rice-producing households and urban consumers. To understand how the COVID-19 crisis and the corresponding policy responses are affecting the business activities of rice mills in Myanmar, we are conducting a panel telephone survey with rice millers. Interviews have been conducted every 30 days starting in July 2020, continuing through the monsoon harvests and ending in November. This report presents the results from the second survey round conducted in August. Interviews were completed by August 22, before a second wave of COVID-19 infections began to spread widely in Myanmar. |
| Keywords: | MYANMAR, BURMA, SOUTHEAST ASIA, ASIA, Coronavirus; coronavirus disease; Coronavirinae; rice; value chains; paddy; policies; surveys; food prices; COVID-19 Economic Relief Plan; Covid-19; rice mills; phone survey; rice byproduct prices |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:myanpn:34&r=all |
| By: | Goeb, Joseph; Tang, Yulu; Zone, Phoo Pye |
| Keywords: | MYANMAR, BURMA, SOUTHEAST ASIA, ASIA, Coronavirus, coronavirus disease, Coronavirinae, rice, value chains, paddy, policies, surveys, food prices, COVID-19 Economic Relief Plan, Covid-19, rice mills, phone survey, rice byproduct prices |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:myansn:8&r=all |
| By: | Goeb, Joseph; Tang, Yulu; Zone, Phoo Pye |
| Keywords: | MYANMAR, BURMA, SOUTHEAST ASIA, ASIA, Coronavirus, coronavirus disease, Coronavirinae, rice, value chains, COVID-19 Economic Relief Plan, Covid-19 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:myanpn:burmese26&r=all |
| By: | Goeb, Joseph; Zu, A Myint; Zone, Phoo Pye; Synt, Nang Lun Kham; Boughton, Duncan; Maredia, Mywish K. |
| Keywords: | MYANMAR, BURMA, SOUTHEAST ASIA, ASIA, Coronavirus, coronavirus disease, Coronavirinae, COVID-19, agriculture, commodities, trade, crops, marketing |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:myansn:6&r=all |
| By: | Lambrecht, Isabel; Ragasa, Catherine; Mahrt, Kristi; Aung, Zin Wai; Wang, Michael |
| Abstract: | This policy note provides evidence of the immediate impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on farming communities in Myanmar’s Central Dry Zone using baseline data from January 2020 (BL) and followup telephone survey data. 1 The first round of the telephone survey was conducted with 606 households between 10 and 21 June 2020 (PS1) and inquired about the effects of COVID-19 on agricultural production and other livelihood sources from February to May 2020. The second round effects of COVID-19 in June and July. |
| Keywords: | MYANMAR, BURMA, SOUTHEAST ASIA, ASIA, agricultural production, rural areas, Coronavirus, coronavirus disease, Coronavirinae, irrigation, livelihoods, households, income, nutrition, cash transfers, social protection, employment, COVID-19, income loss |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:myanpn:33&r=all |
| By: | Oo, Than Zaw; Lambrecht, Isabel; Headey, Derek D.; Goudet, Sophie |
| Abstract: | To better understand the economic and social impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on Myanmar’s diverse rural and urban communities, a multi-round large-scale community telephone survey is being conducted. The first round of the survey took place in June and July 2020, while the second round was done in August. This report focuses on key findings from the third round of survey done in August and September 2020. The survey obtained information from community respondents that had participated in the first or second rounds as well as from additional communities. In total, the third round obtained responses from 186 townships across Myanmar. |
| Keywords: | MYANMAR, BURMA, SOUTHEAST ASIA, ASIA, COVID-19, Coronavirus, coronavirus disease, Coronavirinae, economic impact, rural areas, urban areas, surveys, social protection, migration, agricultural production, remittances, health, health services, trade, policies, households, phone surveys, Covid-19 prevention measures |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:myansn:9&r=all |
| By: | Fang, Peixun; Belton, Ben; Zhang, Xiaobo; Ei Win, Hnin |
| Abstract: | This paper analyzes the impact of COVID-19 on two types of poultry production systems, broilers and layers, in Myanmar using five waves of telephone surveys from June to August 2020. The surveys were implemented with 269 poultry farms previously surveyed in 2019. The slow supply response of layer farms to increased egg demand after the initial COVID-19 shocks has resulted in higher egg prices for consumers. This, in turn, has affected nutritional intake, making it more difficult for Myanmar to achieve the second Sustainable Development Goal of ending hunger and malnutrition by 2030. Within both broiler and layer production systems are found both integrated poultry and fish farms and pure poultry farms. For layer farms, integration of poultry production with fish has provided a buffer against risk; the bankruptcy rate among integrated layer-fish farms was much lower than among pure layer farms. However, such advantages of integration of poultry with fish production are not seen for broiler farms. |
| Keywords: | MYANMAR, BURMA, SOUTHEAST ASIA, ASIA, Coronavirus, coronavirus disease, Coronavirinae, COVID-19, poultry, Sustainable Development Goals, food production, eggs, chicken, poultry farming, farmers, poultry production, poultry farms |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:myanwp:5&r=all |
| By: | Tien Ha Duong, My; Van Nguyen, Diep; Thanh Nguyen, Phong |
| Abstract: | Human resources development is one of the main issues in the socio-economic development strategy and the transform of any region in the context of Industry 4.0. However, Vietnamese human resources have been poorly evaluated in the areas of quality, lack of dynamism, and creativity. Therefore, this paper presents a fuzzy logic approach to ranking seven skills shortage in Vietnam’s Labor Market, namely lifelong learning, adaptive capacity, information technology capacity, creativity and innovation capacity, problem-solving capacity, foreign language competency, and organizing and managing competency. The results showed that the problem-solving skill has the largest gap between an enterprise’s requirements and the actual response of employees. |
| Keywords: | fuzzy logic; industry 4.0; human resources; skill shortage; Vietnam |
| JEL: | B16 F6 J01 O14 |
| Date: | 2019–11–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:103512&r=all |
| By: | Stads, Gert-Jan; Vongsipasom, Phonepaseuth; Omot, Norah; Pham, Nguyen Thi; Nin-Pratt, Alejandro; Bouahom, Bounthong |
| Abstract: | Agricultural R&D capacity in Laos has risen steadily over time, but R&D expenditures have exhibited an erratic trend in recent years. In 2017, the country invested only 0.26 percent of its AgGDP in agricultural research. |
| Keywords: | LAO PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC, INDOCHINA, SOUTH EAST ASIA, ASIA, agricultural research, agricultural policies, investment, scientists, researchers, research spending |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:asticb:134057&r=all |
| By: | Goeb, Joseph; Synt, Nang Lun Kham; Zu, A Myint; Boughton, Duncan; Maredia, Mywish K. |
| Keywords: | MYANMAR, BURMA, SOUTHEAST ASIA, ASIA, Coronavirus, coronavirus disease, Coronavirinae, farm inputs, retail markets, seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, COVID-19 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:myansn:7&r=all |
| By: | Nolwen Henaff; Hà Tran Thi Thai; Loan Dinh Thi Bich |
| Abstract: | Depuis de nombreuses années, l'enseignement supérieur au Vietnam a connu un développement considérable en termes du nombre des établissements comme des effectifs étudiants. Parallèlement, le secteur privé d’enseignement supérieur s’est développé, gagnant en taille et en légitimité sous l’influence des politiques gouvernementales. À partir d’une enquête réalisée auprès de huit universités privées dans cinq provinces du Vietnam, cette étude présente les caractéristiques des établissements privés d’enseignement supérieur en termes de développement, conditions d’admission, programmes enseignés, profil des enseignants, stratégies d’attraction des étudiants, positionnement dans le champ, coût des formations, accréditation des programmes et des institution. |
| Keywords: | Vietnam |
| JEL: | Q |
| Date: | 2020–10–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:avg:wpaper:fr11585&r=all |
| By: | Thomas Markussen; Smriti Sharma; Saurabh Singhal; Finn Tarp |
| Abstract: | We examine the effects of randomly introduced economic inequality on voluntary co-operation and whether this relationship is influenced by the quality of local institutions, as proxied by corruption. We use representative data from a large-scale lab-in-the-field public goods experiment with over 1,300 participants across rural Vietnam. Our results show that inequality adversely affects aggregate contributions, and this is on account of high endowment individuals contributing a significantly smaller share than those with low endowments. This negative effect of inequality on cooperation is exacerbated in high corruption environments. We nd that corruption leads to more pessimistic beliefs about others' contributions in heterogeneous groups, and this is an important mechanism explaining our results. In doing so, we highlight the indirect costs of corruption that are understudied in the literature. These findings have implications for public policies aimed at resolving local collective action problems. |
| Keywords: | Inequality, institutions, corruption, public goods, lab-in-field experiment |
| JEL: | H41 D73 D90 O12 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lan:wpaper:309239622&r=all |
| By: | Nguyen, Phong Thanh; Phu Nguyen, Cuong |
| Abstract: | The constant demand for construction in developing countries like Vietnam causes more and more challenges and difficulties to Project Management Units (PMUs) in carrying projects to completion on schedule, with quality assurance and fewer costs. In order to do this, PMUs need to have better and tighter management tools and forms. However, in order to minimize risks during project implementation, the binding terms in contracts are also becoming stricter with more and more new forms of contracts. One of them is the design-build (DB) contract form. This paper presents the critical risk factors for designbuild projects in the construction industry. Good identification and management of these risk factors will help projects succeed and will increase the confidence of owners and contractors who seek to use the design-build form. |
| Keywords: | design-build (DB); risk management; project manager; construction management; Vietnam |
| JEL: | D81 G32 L33 R42 |
| Date: | 2019–02–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:103509&r=all |
| By: | Quang Tran, Phu; Thi Quynh Tran, Nhu; Nguyen, Phong Thanh |
| Abstract: | The development of the construction industry is considered to be a significant factor contributing to the economic growth of states and countries. However, many studies have shown that the quality of time and schedule management on civil and construction projects has generally been poor. Thus, it is essential to investigate factors that significantly affect the project schedule. This research aims to examine the practice of time management on a particular construction transport project in a developing country, the urban railway project in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, with its six main lines. The implementation of this project began in 2010, but so far, only two lines have been constructed. The implementation process has been struck by many difficulties leading to the slow implementation of the entire urban railway system. To investigate the main causes leading to project delays, a research survey was carried out in three main stages: (1) a questionnaire was designed (2) data was collected with the participation of experts, and (3) an analysis of the data verification of the research model. Then, the analytical hierarchy process approach was applied to assess the priority level of the proposed solutions to ensure the effectiveness of the schedule of the entire urban railway project. |
| Keywords: | Analytic Hierarchy Process, Construction Management, Urban Railway, Schedule Management, Project Delay |
| JEL: | H43 O18 O2 R42 |
| Date: | 2020–05–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:103532&r=all |
| By: | Setyowati, Nanda |
| Abstract: | Di dalam penelitian itu adalah permasalahan kemiskinan bukan hanya menjadi masalah lokal,namun menjadi masalah yang di gumulkan oleh dunia.Gereja sebagai mandataris Tuhan di tengah dunia,di tuntut untuk dapat berperan dalam membantu masalah kemiskinan. |
| Date: | 2020–10–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:j8vca&r=all |
| By: | Hoang, Ha |
| Abstract: | Industrial Revolution 4.0 is taking place strongly and has gained a lot of special attention from the public recently. For the financial world, this revolution has given birth to Fintech – a generation of start-up companies with advanced technology based on the Internet. Most Fintech companies start out with payment services, but in many other areas of the financial world, by their own strategies, Fintech is competing directly or indirectly with segments that are the monopoly of traditional financial services such as capital mobilization, lending, asset management, etc. The results show that Fintech has had a tremendous impact on the financial world and traditional financial institutions. However, the challenges and risks of this start-up generation should not be taken seriously and neglected their positive impacts such as promoting innovation, increasing competition, better serving customers. We also believe that Fintech will be a promising land for startups in Vietnam. As many studies in the world have shown, the government need to observe closely, but should not lay down rules too soon or too closely because it can extinguish a field that has many advantages for Vietnam in the 4.0 revolution. This is also an important citation for further research in this field in Vietnam. |
| Date: | 2020–10–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:n7vqg&r=all |
| By: | Etienne GÉRARD |
| Abstract: | L’expansion de l’enseignement supérieur privé et le creusement des inégalités sociales. Analyses à partir de l’Argentine,de l’Inde, du Mexique, du Pérou,de la République Démocratique du Congo, du Sénégal, du Vietnam. |
| Keywords: | République démocratique du Congo, Sénégal, Argentine, Mexique, Pérou, Inde, Vietnam |
| JEL: | Q |
| Date: | 2020–10–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:avg:wpaper:fr11579&r=all |
| By: | Antonio Cappiello (Rome, Italy) |
| Abstract: | In the last years, the Doing Business (DB) Project of the World Bank - recommending reforms aiming at removing obstacles that may produce increase of time, cost and procedures - had a significant influence on policies making. A recent DB research note (2019) also proposed to make optional use of professionals (including notaries) in operations such as real estate transfer in order to increase the efficiency of the country system. Nevertheless, the aggregate assessment focusing on the data of the 190 economies analysed by DB Registering property indicator and sub-indicators (synthetic RP indicators as well as all sub-indicators), shows that countries using notaries in the real estate transactions are the most efficient. Since the evidence emerging from DB data shows that the control of the State delegates produces (besides legal security and reliability) better efficiency, the overall logic of DB global reforms in the property transfer may be reconsidered. As an alternative to the tout court idea of eliminating every kind of intermediation, it would be reasonable to consider the tangible empirical effects produced by a system and to involve State officers in establishing best strategy for efficiency, keeping at the same time the guarantee for the society and the vulnerable agents. |
| Keywords: | doing business, professional services, real estate transfers, performance indicators, rank methodology |
| Date: | 2020–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:agd:wpaper:20/079&r=all |
| By: | Antonio Cappiello (Rome, Italy) |
| Abstract: | In the last years, the Doing Business (DB) Project of the World Bank - recommending reforms aiming at removing obstacles that may produce increase of time, cost and procedures - had a significant influence on policies making. A recent DB research note (2019) also proposed to make optional use of professionals (including notaries) in operations such as real estate transfer in order to increase the efficiency of the country system. Nevertheless, the aggregate assessment focusing on the data of the 190 economies analysed by DB Registering property indicator and sub-indicators (synthetic RP indicators as well as all sub-indicators), shows that countries using notaries in the real estate transactions are the most efficient. Since the evidence emerging from DB data shows that the control of the State delegates produces (besides legal security and reliability) better efficiency, the overall logic of DB global reforms in the property transfer may be reconsidered. As an alternative to the tout court idea of eliminating every kind of intermediation, it would be reasonable to consider the tangible empirical effects produced by a system and to involve State officers in establishing best strategy for efficiency, keeping at the same time the guarantee for the society and the vulnerable agents. |
| Keywords: | doing business, professional services, real estate transfers, performance indicators, rank methodology |
| Date: | 2020–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:exs:wpaper:20/079&r=all |
| By: | Abramov Alexander (RANEPA); Chernova Maria (RANEPA) |
| Abstract: | The year 2019 was one of the luckiest periods in the history of Russia’s stock market. On a 10-year time horizon (2010–2019), the geometric mean return on investment in Russian ruble-denominated stocks amounted to 8.3% per annum, which was below the corresponding indices of only a few markets like the USA, the Scandinavian economies, Japan, India, the Philippines, and Argentina. The average annual return on investment in Russian stocks denominated in US dollars stood at 0.7%, which was significantly below the ruble-denominated return on investment in those same stocks due to the ruble weakening in the post-crisis period. |
| Keywords: | Russian economy, stock market, bond market, bond market, derivatives market, private investors |
| JEL: | G01 G12 G18 G21 G24 G28 G32 G33 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gai:ppaper:ppaper-2020-1040&r=all |
| By: | Lorenzo Ductor (Department of Economic Theory and Economic History, University of Granada.); Sanjeev Goyal (Christ's College and Faculty of Economics, Cambridge); Marco van der Leij (University of Amsterdam and Tinbergen Institute.); Gustavo Nicolas Paez (Myanmar Development Institute) |
| Abstract: | We study the evolution of the influence of journals over the period 1970-2017. In the early 1970's, a number of journals had similar influence. But by 1995, the `Top 5' journals - QJE, AER, RES, Econometrica, and JPE - had acquired a major lead; this dominance persists (with small changes) until 2017. To place these developments in a broader context we also study journal influence in sociology. The trends there have gone the other way - the field journals rose in influence relative to the top general journals, over the same period. We present a model of journals as platforms to help explain the different trajectories of journal influence across time and across disciplines. |
| Keywords: | research impact, Top 5 journals, academic publishing, citations |
| JEL: | A14 D85 |
| Date: | 2020–10–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gra:wpaper:20/11&r=all |