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on South East Asia |
| By: | Martina Sipkova (Metropolitni univerzita Praha, O.P.S.); Maria Levakova (Metropolitan University Prague, Czech Republic) |
| Abstract: | Our presentation focuses on the structure of Indonesian political economy and how local form of capitalism is underpinned by social relations and culture. Specifically, in our research, we: i) analyze Indonesian business environment through the Varieties of Capitalism (henceforth VOC) model as developed by Hall and Soskice, ii) look into the reform and dynamic changes of Indonesian business environment following 1997 crisis in East Asia through the lens of VOC model, and iii) examine how Indonesian form of capitalism is underpinned by local culture by the use of GLOBE Project and Hofstede dimensions of culture. Our findings suggest that the case of Indonesia can be presented as a special type of a coordinated market economy driven by local culture with some aspects of liberal market economy, which are, to a large extent, imported from the outside. Our research also shows that the influence of international business environment and globalization combined with post-1997-crisis reform push Indonesian economy further towards modes of coordination more typical for liberal market economies, causing tensions among various actors of local political economy. Considering limited body of literature on the topic, the main contributions of our research is twofold. First, to study Indonesian form of capitalism, we apply a VOC model and connect local form of capitalism with socio-cultural characteristics of the country. Second, we apply VOC model to look at the interplay between domestic forces shaping local political economy and the influence of international environment and globalization largely reflecting (neo)liberal view of economic and business relations. |
| Keywords: | Indonesia, business environment, variety of capitalism, Asian Financial Crisis, post-crisis reform, capitalism and culture |
| JEL: | F59 L19 P11 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:7310349&r=sea |
| By: | Hanif, Muhammad |
| Abstract: | Pakistan is facing a persistent trade deficit, resulting in foreign debts—leading to compromise on national policies and sovereignty. This study analyzes international trade of Pakistan with a special focus on exports. The analysis is conducted by various lenses including goods traded, trading partners (in exports as well as imports), trading regions (including Australian, Asian, African, European and American regions) and economic cooperation organizations including Organization of Islamic Cooperation-OIC, Economic Cooperation Organization-ECO, and Association of Islamic Developing countries (D-8). International trade Data is extracted from State bank of Pakistan for 12 years (Jul-03 to Jun-15). Findings suggest Pakistan has trade linkages with multiple countries, across various regions, however, the volume of exports is significantly low than potential, as well as, than the volume of imports—resulting in trade deficit. The major import partners are China, UAE, Singapore, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, while major export-partners of Pakistan are United States of America, China, Afghanistan, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates and Germany. Pakistan needs to capitalize on less-expensive young population (rising in skills), low cost (indigenous) raw material, basic industrial infrastructure and agricultural and natural resources, etc. to achieve higher economic growth and exports. Policy makers need to encourage exports in less focused regions including Centrel Asia, Middle East, Africa, Australia and South America. To the best of author’s knowledge, this is first ever effort to present a comprehensive analysis of international trade of Pakistan and suggest measures to improve the state of affairs, in recent years. |
| Keywords: | International trade, Exports, Imports, Pakistan |
| JEL: | F10 F14 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:55540&r=sea |
| By: | Sasipen Krutchangthong (Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University) |
| Abstract: | This Research aims to study the satisfaction with Herbal Hair Serum on the customer?s decision to use the Service at Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Clinic in Bangkok, Thailand and how the customers? demographic background affected their satisfaction. A quantitative research methodology. The period of study was between February and March 2018. The research sample consisted 80 customers on using the service at Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Clinic, obtained by simple random sampling. A questionnaire was used as a tool to collect the data. The data were then analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The research results showed that demographic factors including: age, gender, and salary were found to have an influence on their product satisfaction. And the customers were satisfied with overall a most level. |
| Keywords: | Satisfaction; Service; Herbal; Demographic factors; Customers |
| JEL: | Y80 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:8810430&r=sea |
| By: | Warapong Thakanun (Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University) |
| Abstract: | This research aims to study: 1) the demographic factors influencing the customers? decision and behavior to use the service of Thai massage in Ratchaburi, Thailand; and 2) the influence of service marketing mix factors on the customers? decision. The study was carried out between May and August 2017. This study employed a quantitative research methodology. The research sample consisted of 400 individuals who had experiences in using Thai massage services in Ratchaburi. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics. The Research result showed that 1) customers? decision and their behavior to use the service of Thai massage was influenced by age, occupation, average income per month, and education level; 2) service marketing mix that had an effect on the customer decision and behavior to use the service of Thai massage included, sorted in a descending order, product, process, price, place, personnel, promotion, and physical attributes. |
| Keywords: | Service Quality, Customer Expectation, International Tourists |
| JEL: | Y80 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:8810432&r=sea |
| By: | Le, Nga (UNU-MERIT); Groot, Wim (UNU-MERIT and CAPHRI, Maastricht University,); Tomini, Sonila (UNU-MERIT); Tomini, Florian (Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, UCL Medical School) |
| Abstract: | Health insurance can have important effects on self-employment and self- employment transitions. However, there is a literature gap on the relationship between health insurance and self-employment in low and middle income countries, especially in the context of the rapid expansion of health insurance in these countries. This paper examines this relationship in Vietnam with a focus on the comparison between the voluntary scheme for the informal sector (mostly self-employed workers) and the compulsory insurance for the formal sector (mostly wage workers). We employ a Multinomial Logit Model on a panel from the Vietnamese Household Living Standards Surveys 2010-2014 to investigate the association between health insurance and self-employment entry and exit over time. We show that those with compulsory health insurance in Vietnam, the formal workers, do not have the incentive to start a business compared to those having voluntary insurance. This effect holds true over time in 2012 and 2014. The effect is partly explained by the better enforcement of the compulsory health insurance scheme in Vietnam, making staying out of self-employment (often informal self-employment) a preferred choice. Regarding the effect of health insurance on self- employment exit, we do not find any conclusive evidence on this matter. The rigidity of the economy is highlighted, suggesting important policy implications in the areas of health and labour policies in Vietnam. |
| Keywords: | health insurance, self-employment, Vietnam, self-employment entry, self-employment exit |
| JEL: | I13 J22 O15 |
| Date: | 2018–11–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2018039&r=sea |
| By: | Dwiputri, Inayati Nuraini; Arsyad, Lincolin; Pradiptyo, Rimawan |
| Abstract: | The existence of ambiguity in the study of the impact of corruption on economic growth, namely the grease the wheel hypothesis and sand the wheel hypothesis, trigger this research to look at the impact of corruption through another perspective, i.e. income inequality. This study identifies the mutual influence between corruption and income inequality in Asian countries, because in general, Asian countries have high levels of corruption and poor governance. This research attempts to contribute literature on the theoretical modeling of the effect of corruption on income inequality, using the Ramsey Growth model's development. Using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS), Tobit, and Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) methods, this study also proves that a reciprocal influence exists between corruption and income inequality in Asia, otherwise known as the corruption-inequality trap. The results show that the higher the level of corruption is, this can aggravate income inequality, and the higher the income inequality level is, this can affect the level of corruption in Asian countries. Other variables that have a robust effect on income inequality in Asia are per capita income, the gross enrollment rate in primary education, population growth, foreign direct investment, and governance. |
| Keywords: | economic growth,income inequality,corruption,grease the wheel hypothesis,sand the wheel hypothesis |
| JEL: | D63 D73 O11 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ifwedp:201881&r=sea |
| By: | Nattawoot Koowattanatianchai (Kasetsart University) |
| Abstract: | This study aims to investigate the earnings manipulation phenomena in the construction sector of the Stock Exchange of Thailand. Our examination is divided into two stages. In the first stage, we use the M-score model developed by Beneish (1999) to calculate the extent to which earnings are manipulated by Thai construction companies listed in the SET during the past ten years. This will allow us to ascertain the level of earnings management engaged by these firms during several critical periods, e.g., the period before the US subprime mortgage crisis arose, during the crisis period, and the post-crisis period, and in addition, the period before the political crisis leading to an establishment of the military government and the period after. The second stage of our examination deals with potential macroeconomic factors that affect the probability of earnings manipulation revealed by construction companies. These variables include cement materials price index, steel material price index, fixed capital formation, gross domestic product. Our control variables include total accruals to total assets ratio, debt to equity ratio, market capitalization, and return on assets.Our preliminary results reveal that reveals that the level of earnings management in the construction sector of the SET exceeds the benchmark M-score value of -2.22 in the second and third quarters of 2009 (during the subprime crisis). This phenomenon is encouraging especially for the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) of Thailand. It implies that the SEC?s strict reporting regulations have resulted in the level of earnings manipulation in the construction sector of Thailand being low recently. Nevertheless, Thai construction firms have shown an incentive to conduct earnings manipulation activities during the global financial crisis period. Further analysis shows that debt to equity ratio, market capitalization, and steel materials price index are negatively related to the manipulation index at the 95% confidence level. Only the total accruals to total assets ratio is positively related to the manipulation index at the 95% confidence level. On the other hand, return on assets, cement materials price index, gross domestic product, gross domestic fixed capital formation, and the SET index are found to exert no significant influence over the manipulation index. |
| Keywords: | earnings manipulation, M-score model, construction sector of the Stock Exchange of Thailand |
| Date: | 2018–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iefpro:7208468&r=sea |
| By: | Markus Brueckner; Birgit Hansl |
| Abstract: | During the 2000s PPP GDP per capita growth in the Philippines was modest. Transitional convergence accounted for almost half of the growth in the Philippines during that time period. Reforms to the structure of the economy boosted growth by less than one percentage point per annum. The most significant structural reform was improvements in telecommunication infrastructure that lifted growth by over half a percentage point per annum. The decline of domestic credit to the private sector reduced growth by about one quarter of a percentage point per annum. Successful stabilization policies positively contributed to growth but the effect is small, about one half of a percentage point per annum. The paper discusses the growth performance of the Philippines relative to comparator countries: ASEAN, lower middle income countries, countries where migrant remittances are large relative to GDP, young democracies, structural peers, and regional peers. The main message from the analysis is that structural reforms were not as significant in the Philippines as in comparator countries. The Philippines lagged behind in structural reforms and this significantly contributed to the country’s relatively modest growth performance. |
| Date: | 2018–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:een:camaaa:2018-54&r=sea |
| By: | Kanokporn Leksung (Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University) |
| Abstract: | The main objectives of this research were to study job satisfaction, job motivations, and efficiency in work performance of employees in the Thainum Riverside Hotel, Thailand and to analyze their demographic profile on their job satisfaction, job motivations, and efficiency in work performance. This study employed a quantitative research methodology. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. The collected data were then analyzed with descriptive analysis including frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and t-test. The sample included 100 employees of the Thainum Riverside Hotel. The research findings showed that the overall satisfaction of the employee on their job was at a high level and their satisfaction on the rate of remuneration was rated the highest, followed by that on superordinate, and the characteristics of their job. In terms of their job motivation, it was found that their motivation was at a high level. The most rated motivation was the unique characteristics of their job, followed by incentives and benefits. As for the efficiency in their work performance, the findings indicated that the work performance of these employees were high. This was evidenced from the compliments from colleagues and superordinate and the achievement of the goals. |
| Keywords: | Job Satisfaction, Job Motivations, Efficiency in Work Performance |
| JEL: | Y80 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:8810437&r=sea |
| By: | Suharno, S. |
| Abstract: | Food balance in the country tend to be deficit for main food staples as well luxurious foods like red meat. Food deficit has been prevailing until currently. Being the net importer of meat products, Indonesia is challenged to meet two pressing goals, first to protect farmers and secondly to secure meat availability. Trade flows between regions and access to information are challenging becuase Indonesia is an archipelagic country with high economic dispersion and inequality. This study aims to analyze spatial integration and price transmission of meat market in Indonesia. The data is a monthly prise series of meat from 7 provinces containing 50 observations. The data was analyzed using Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). This study reveals that there is a long run relationship among market price in seven provinces and the high long run relationship was found among provinces in Java island. The short run was also found among provinces. This findings represents that meat market in Indonesia was spatially integrated. This study recommends the goverment to formulate policies which providing infrastructure to avoid market exploitation and spread price information along provinces in Indonesia. This will help in enhancing efficiency of the marketing system in agricultural commodities and reduce market distortions. Acknowledgement : I would thank to my younger colleg Ahmad Syariful Jamil for co-authoring this paper. |
| Keywords: | Demand and Price Analysis |
| Date: | 2018–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaae18:277371&r=sea |
| By: | Zhang, H.; Chen, K. |
| Abstract: | Myanmar s agricultural sector has unexploited potential to underpin its economic development. This paper aims to provide a better understanding of Myanmar s agricultural export sector and its performance against neighboring agricultural exporting countries using the UN Comtrade data. The key research question is to find whether Myanmar has the revealed comparative advantages of exporting the selected agricultural commodities when comparing with its major competitors in the target market. The findings are as follows: 1) Myanmar shows low product and market diversification in the agricultural export sector in the global market; 2) Myanmar enjoys comparative advantage in the agricultural export in the global market; 3) Myanmar reveals high level of NRCAs in black gram & pigeon peas, natural rubber, sesame seeds, rice, frozen fish, while has a low NRCAs in crustacean, dried fruits; and suffers a loss of NRCAs in bananas, fish fillet, maize, nuts, and watermelon in the certain years. Acknowledgement : First and for most, it is my great pleasure to acknowledge Dr. Kevin Chen for all the help, guidance, and sharing of knowledge on all the aspects of this work. My gratitude also goes to my colleagures for precious inspirational suggestions on this study. |
| Keywords: | International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2018–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaae18:277474&r=sea |
| By: | Duangbootsee, U. |
| Abstract: | This study uses panel data from 384 Thai rural farm households collected annually from 2000-2013 to examine the determinants of household s land rental market participation, and the impacts of renting land on household incomes. A preliminary finding indicates that households with relatively poor land endowment cultivate more land than do other households to the extent that more than half of the land is rented in. Consistent with previous literature, the study find evidence that land rental markets in Thailand promote farm productivity and reduce landholdings inequality by transferring land from less-efficient to more-efficient households and from land-abundant to labor-constrained households, respectively. More importantly, the rental markets significantly raise the net farm incomes of tenants, most of whom are land-constrained households. Mechanisms to reduce land conflicts and remove local restrictions on land rental are needed in order to improve the functioning of land rental markets, and thereby enhancing farm income. Key Words: Land rental market, household income, Thai agriculture, Townsend Thai data Acknowledgement : This study is fully supported by Thailand Research Fund (TRF); project reference code RDG5920034. The author would like to thank Charapon Chantorn and Piyayut Chitchumnong as well as two anonymous reviewers assigned by TRF for their valuable comments and suggestions. |
| Keywords: | Land Economics/Use |
| Date: | 2018–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaae18:277349&r=sea |
| By: | Chutima Mingkhwansakul (Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University) |
| Abstract: | The objectives of this study were to examine the level of the quality of Service of the hotel and lodging businesses in Samutsongkram province, Thailand to develop the guidelines for the development of their quality of service. The period of study was between October and November 2017. This study suggests that the entrepreneurs of the hotel and lodging businesses should focus on providing continuously development programs for their staff members. They should also utilize modern technologies in enhancing their service in all aspects to maximize the customer satisfaction. |
| Keywords: | Quality of service; hotel and lodging businesses; Samutsongkram province |
| JEL: | Y80 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:8810431&r=sea |
| By: | Apichat Pongsupatt (Kasetsart University); Tharinee Pongsupatt (Kasetsart University) |
| Abstract: | Dividend payout ratio has been a controversial topic among scholars for some decades. Researchers have different conclusion and attempt to construct theoretical models to defy factors that impact dividend payout ratio such as transaction theory or agency theory for examples. The purpose of this study is to investigate some financial indicators that affect the dividend payout ratio in Thailand?s capital market. From existing literature reviews, we select seven factors including dividend payout ratio a previous year, corporate size, current ratio, debt to equity ratio, sale growth, free cash flow and return on equity or return on assets. This study uses secondary data collected from annual financial statements of listed companies in Thailand Stock Exchange exclude financial sector during 2014 -2016 periods. After we evaluate the data based on specific criteria, only 106 companies remained qualified. Therefore 318 firm-year financial information has applied for this study. A panel multiple regression model is implemented for statistic testing at the significant level 0.05. The results show the positive and statistically significant effect of current ratio, debt ratio and return on equity to dividend payout ratio. While the results show negative and statistically significance of sales growth to dividend payout ratio. The results are consistent with prior survey except for debt ratio which shows the opposite direction. However, the results show no significant effect of dividend payout ratio a previous year, firm size and free cash flow to dividend payout ratio. Nevertheless, return on assets is better explanation than return on equity since the result demonstrates higher r square. This research limits determinants from previous literatures. Other explanatory variables such as investment opportunities, business risk or firm life cycle are subject to future research. |
| Keywords: | Dividend Payout Ratio, determinants, Thailand Stock Exchange |
| JEL: | G39 M49 G32 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:7310111&r=sea |
| By: | Speelman, S.; Hai, A. Ton Nu |
| Abstract: | Marine cage lobster in Vietnam has been known as a high return industry. But in recent years, it has also been facing with negative feedback on productivity due to overuse of nutrient content inputs. Local lobster farmers seemed to internalize this negative feedback by paying more efforts on cleaning cage and more cost on antibiotics and chemical without knowing if it is a positive or negative economic-environmental trade-off. In order to identify the relationship between the cost and environmental efficiency, this paper used Data Envelopment Analysis and Material Balance Principle with a dataset of 353 marine cage lobster farms in Vietnam. The findings show that improvements in efficiency of current input used would result in both lower production costs and better environmental performance. There is a positive trade-off in most lobster farms for being environmentally efficient and cost efficient from the current production. If lobster farms used appropriate input mix given input price information to be more cost efficient, it would benefit to environment. Moreover, producing friendlier with the marine environment also reduce production cost. However, there is a negative trade-off for the movement from being cost efficient to environmentally efficient position for all three groups. Acknowledgement : |
| Keywords: | Resource/Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2018–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaae18:277460&r=sea |
| By: | Nadhakan Shinnaranantana (Marketing Department, Kasetsart University) |
| Abstract: | Nowadays clothing retailers have using multichannel of distribution, especially they are more focus on Internet shopping via website and application such as Instagram and Facebook fanpage. Because of increasing of internet usage rate of consumers. The use internet for several activities such as entertainment, searching for information, social media and also shopping. The clothing and accessories business are very fast moving industry. Their market growth are in the third rank follow food industry and department store. This study aim to explore marketing factors influencing buying behavior of young single consumer in clothing and accessories business via internet and social network. The samples of this research are young single consumer in Bangkok, Thailand by using convenience sampling and get 400 samples. Using questionnaire as an instrument and distribute via internet. The primary data was analyzed by SPSS program.The result of this research shows that the most popular product is blouses and fashion bags. The samples like to shop online because of a new trend and it provide product variety and resonable price. Moreover, online shopping provide convenience for them both time and money. Sales promotion of the shop is the most important to encourage sale volume. They shopping via Instagram and company website. Therefore, the reliability and trust of company are the most important for their decision making.The result of this research suggests that clothing and accessories companies should always maintain their product variety and up to date fashion with reasonable price. Purchase process is easily and trustworthy. Moreover, using sales promotion can booth up sale. |
| Keywords: | Clothing and accessories business, Internet Shopping, Buying Behavior, Young single, Bangkok Thailand |
| JEL: | M31 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:7309921&r=sea |
| By: | Suwannee Kirahat (Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University) |
| Abstract: | The main objective of this research was to study the potential students? decision to choose a university for their education. This study used Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand as a case study as the university has been ranked as the best university in the Rajabhat system for many years. A quantitative research methodology approach was employed in this study. The research sample consisted of 400 high school students in Bangkok. Data were collected with the use of a questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive statistics. The research findings showed that the main reason that made the respondents choose to study at this university was its reputation as the best university in the Rajabhat system. This reason was rated the highest level. This was followed by the number of students in the undergraduate and postgraduate programs. |
| Keywords: | Students, Decision-making, University |
| JEL: | Y80 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:8810426&r=sea |
| By: | Benjawan Yotrawat (Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University) |
| Abstract: | One of the strengths of Thai tourism is the high standard of service quality of Thai hotels. Therefore, it is vital for Thai hotel industry to maintain and ameliorate the service quality in a sustainable way. The question is whether the high standard of service quality meets with customers? expectation or not. The purposes of this research were to examine the level of satisfaction in ten areas of services from the perspectives of international tourists whether their expectations of the service quality have been met or not. The population of study included all international tourists who visited Thailand the first quarter of year 2018. A total of 400 samples was interviewed with English questionnaire. The findings revealed that in general the respondents had a very high expectation of service quality and the majority of their expectations in ten areas of services had been fulfilled. There were two areas of service quality that needed to be improve which were transportation services and ability to communicate in other languages such as Russia, Arabic, and Chinese. |
| Keywords: | Service Quality, Customer Expectation, International Tourists |
| JEL: | Y80 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:8810433&r=sea |
| By: | Bairagi, S.; Mohanty, S. |
| Abstract: | A threshold specification of the asymmetric error correction model is applied to estimate and test the threshold cointegrating relationship between the wholesale paddy price (farm price) and wholesale rice price, and the wholesale and retail price of rice in Cambodia. Based on our analysis, the threshold cointegration test suggests in favor of asymmetric cointegration. Further, the test of the symmetric adjustment process advocates the presence of asymmetric price transmission in both the short run and long run. The Granger causality test revealed a unidirectional causality from wholesale price to farm price, and a bidirectional causality between wholesale and retail price. Finally, we found that decreases in wholesale price are more quickly transmitted to farmers than price increases. Conversely, increases in wholesale price are more quickly transmitted to consumers than price decreases. For faster price transmission, improved market infrastructure, better market integration, and dispersion of marketing information are suggested. Acknowledgement : We thank the Global Rice Science Partnership (GRiSP) project of the CGIAR for supporting this study. The contents and opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the authors institution, and shall not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes. The usual disclaimer applies. |
| Keywords: | Demand and Price Analysis |
| Date: | 2018–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaae18:277022&r=sea |
| By: | Ek-anong TANGRUKWARASKUL (Kasetsart University); Kiriya KULCHANARAT (Kasetsart University) |
| Abstract: | Competing in an innovation-driven economy, firms are striving for innovation success in order to stay in a competitive edge. Employee innovative work behavior (IWB) is considered as a source and strategic factor driving organization to become more innovative and, hence to better perform. A number of literatures confirm the effect of leadership on employee performance. Likewise, it is assumed in this study that employee innovative work behavior should also be effected from the leadership of their team leaders. A transformational leader transforms how employees work and innovate. This transformation motivates employees to strive for the collective goals of becoming innovative organization. This study explore the effect of transformational leadership on employee?s work behavior and was carried out on a purposively selected sample of 260 IT employees working in a service provider company in Thailand. While employee?s work behavior was measured using 11-items measure based on the framework developed by De Jong and Den Hartog (2010), transformational leadership was measured in four dimensions; (1) idealized influence, (2) inspirational motivation, (3) intellectual stimulation behavior, and (4) individualized consideration, according to the framework proposed by Bass and Avolio (1990). Factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were carried out. The result suggests that transformational leadership has positive effect on innovative work behavior and could explain employee work behavior up to 26.7%. |
| Keywords: | Innovative Work Behavior, Transformational Leadership, Service Provider |
| JEL: | M15 O33 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:7310094&r=sea |
| By: | Kedsara Tripaichayonsak (Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University) |
| Abstract: | Graduate Qualifications of Graduate School, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University for National Qualifications Framework for Higher Education (TQF: HEd.) was survey research. The purposes of this research was to study the qualifications of graduate students for Thai Qualifications Framework for Higher Education which graduated in the academic year 2016. Population were 79 employers, questionnaire with 5 domains 5 rating scales and open end. Statistics were percentage, mean and standard deviation. This research found that the levels of employers satisfaction for graduate students in overall were highest. The sequences of 5 domains were intelligence skills, morale and ethics, knowledge, interpersonal skills and responsibility, numerical analysis skills communication and information technology skill with average 4.73, 4.67, 4.62, 4.56 and 4.52 respectively. |
| Keywords: | Graduate Qualifications, Qualifications Framework, Higher Education |
| JEL: | Y80 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:8810434&r=sea |
| By: | Treenuch Numsimok (Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University) |
| Abstract: | This research aims to study and compare students? satisfaction on the learning and teaching management of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand according to their demographic profile. The research population were students of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University. The sample was selected via stratified sampling. As a result, 412 students were selected. A questionnaire was used as a data collection method. Collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics including number, percentage, standard deviation, t-test, and ANOVA with a .05 level of statistical significance. The research findings showed that the students? overall satisfaction on the learning and teaching management was at a high level. When considering at each dimension of the satisfaction, each of the aspects was also rated at a high level. Satisfaction on the teachers was the highest, compared to other dimension, followed by contents of the curriculum, learning and teaching, establishment, environment, and students respectively. Moreover, it was also found that students with different gender tended to have no difference in their satisfaction, both in terms of the overall satisfaction and each dimension of the satisfaction. However, students with different years of study and faculties tended to be different in their satisfaction with a .05 level of statistical significance. |
| Keywords: | Satisfaction, Management, Learning and Teaching |
| JEL: | Y80 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:8810423&r=sea |
| By: | Rungpetch Wongcharoenporn (Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University) |
| Abstract: | The objectives of this research were to study the success level of doing a thesis of the postgraduate students of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University and to examine the factors affecting the success. This research utilized a quantitative research approach. The research sample was 256 graduates. Data were collected with the use of a questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive statistics including percentage, mean, standard deviation, and multiple linear regression. In terms of the sample?s profile, it was found that most of them were female (58%), around 31-40 years old (46%), graduated from the Performing Arts Program (64%), and worked as a government employee (46%). The research findings also revealed that all the studied independent variables or the factors affecting the success in doing a thesis of the students were overall rated at the highest level. When considering at each factor, it was found that factors including thesis advisors, students? self-management, students? academic knowledge were rated at the highest level whereas academic service offered by the university was rated at a high level. This study also revealed that the factors affecting the success in doing a thesis included the thesis advisors and students? self-management, with a .05 level of statistical significance. |
| Keywords: | Factors; Success in Doing a Thesis, Postgraduate Students |
| JEL: | Y80 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:8810424&r=sea |
| By: | Michael S. Harre |
| Abstract: | Entropy measures in their various incarnations play an important role in the study of stochastic time series providing important insights into both the correlative and the causative structure of the stochastic relationships between the individual components of a system. Recent applications of entropic techniques and their linear progenitors such as Pearson correlations and Granger causality have have included both normal as well as critical periods in a system's dynamical evolution. Here I measure the entropy, Pearson correlation and transfer entropy of the intra-day price changes of the Dow Jones Industrial Average in the period immediately leading up to and including the Asian financial crisis and subsequent mini-crash of the DJIA on the 27th October 1997. I use a novel variation of transfer entropy that dynamically adjusts to the arrival rate of individual prices and does not require the binning of data to show that quite different relationships emerge from those given by the conventional Pearson correlations between equities. These preliminary results illustrate how this modified form of the TE compares to results using Pearson correlation. |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:1811.08773&r=sea |
| By: | Joon Nak Choi (Adjunct Assistant Professor，School of Business and Management, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Institute for Emerging Market Studies， Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) |
| Abstract: | Joon Nak Choi, Adjunct Assistant Professor at the School of Business and Management and Faculty Associate at the Institute for Emerging Market Studies at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, expressed his view on the Export-oriented industrialization in Korean economy. As firms in a rising China have upgraded their industrial competitiveness, Korean firms have lost ground in industries that they dominated not long ago. Prioritizing capabilities needed for export-oriented industrialization had the unintended effect of stunting SMEs and limiting their capabilities. It is important for Korea to focus on policies intended to remedy the historical underdevelopment of the SME sector. |
| Keywords: | korea, financial inclusion, china, entrepreneurship |
| Date: | 2018–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hku:briefs:201823&r=sea |
| By: | Paul Pelzl; Steven Poelhekke |
| Abstract: | We analyse the local effect of exogenous shocks to the value of mineral deposits at the district level in Indonesia using a panel of manufacturing plants. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to model and estimate the effect of heterogeneity in natural resource extraction methods. We find that in areas where mineral extraction is relatively capital-intensive, mining booms cause virtually no upward pressure on manufacturing earnings per worker, and both producers of traded and local goods benefit from mining booms in terms of employment. In contrast, labour-intensive mining booms drive up local manufacturing wages such that producers of traded goods reduce employment. This source of heterogeneity helps to explain the mixed evidence for `Dutch disease' effects in the literature. In addition, we find no evidence that fiscal revenue sharing between sub-national districts leads to any spillovers. |
| Keywords: | dutch disease, natural resources, mining, labour intensity, Indonesia |
| JEL: | L16 L72 O12 O13 Q30 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_7284&r=sea |
| By: | Usarat Thirathon (Kasetsart University); Suneerat Wuttichindanon (Kasetsart University) |
| Abstract: | Studies in corporate social responsibility (CSR) have been tremendously conducted in both terms of CSR determinants and consequences. The results, however, are inconclusive yet. Rather using an aggregated score, this study focuses on one CSR strategy at a time. Philanthropy is focused because it is extensively chosen. Thailand is a Buddhist-based country and documented that philanthropy outstandingly appears. The disclosures on philanthropy activities are observed. Using a path analysis, this research found that philanthropy makes firm financial performance increased. Firm size and industry are important factors of philanthropy. Large firms and firms in high impact industry (i.e. oil and gas, and chemical) have a higher number of philanthropy activities. Government ownership, however, has no impact on philanthropy. The empirical findings support the corporate visibility as a determinant of CSR. |
| Keywords: | CSR in Thailand, philanthropy, CSR-CFP link |
| JEL: | M49 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:7310271&r=sea |
| By: | Le, Nga (UNU-MERIT); Groot, Wim (UNU-MERIT and CAPHRI, Maastricht University,); Tomini, Sonila (UNU-MERIT); Tomini, Florian (Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, UCL Medical School) |
| Abstract: | Even though health insurance is expanding rapidly in Vietnam, its coverage is not effective. There remain inefficiencies in the healthcare system with quality concerns, especially at primary care and in remote areas. However, very little is known about how health insurance is valued by people and whether health insurance coverage can translate into quality healthcare. This paper investigates the relationship between health insurance and patient satisfaction with medical care in the poorest regions of Vietnam. We use multi-level models for ordinal responses on a cross-sectional dataset of the poorest regions of Vietnam in 2012. We find that it is not health insurance coverage per se but the financial coverage that matters to improve patient satisfaction with medical care. Patient satisfaction depends on the breadth and depth of insurance coverage (i.e. services and medicines covered, co-payment rate for each service) and the ability to use health insurance to reduce medical costs via the co-payment mechanism. |
| Keywords: | Health insurance, patient satisfaction, Vietnam |
| JEL: | I13 |
| Date: | 2018–11–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2018040&r=sea |
| By: | Phanthipa Srinammuang (Accounting department, Kasetsart Business Shool); Neungruthai Petcharat (Gulf College) |
| Abstract: | This study evaluates the communicative value of environmental sustainability reports produced of Thai construction companies under the mandatory reporting regime and concerns about environmental impacts of the construction industry in Thailand, as it was necessitated emphasis on business practices and eco-efficiency. Data was collected through a review of annual reports of sixty-five construction companies listed on the Thailand Stock Exchange. Environmental improvement activities identified in the reports are analysed and the quality of the disclosures were evaluated against the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) framework and qualitative characteristics used as a benchmark to assess traditional financial reports. The results indicate that while the mandatory reporting regime on the Thai construction sector has fostered the quantity of disclosures in annual reports, wide variations still exist in the information disclosed in the reports owing to management?s considerable reporting discretion. The reporting practices show room for improvement with respect to enhancing informativeness of environmental disclosures to users. |
| Keywords: | Environmental information, Environmental measure, Environmental sustainability reporting, GRI |
| JEL: | M41 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:7309922&r=sea |
| By: | Thierry Pairault (CECMC-CCJ - Centre d'études sur la Chine moderne et contemporaine - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | The determination of Chinese groups to become uncontested leaders in all activities related to maritime transport is proven. Two cases are particularly noteworthy, the best-known and best-documented being probably COSCO and the port of Piraeus. On the other hand, that of China Merchants in Djibouti, still poorly understood, will be the subject of our contribution. We will not deal with security aspects (establishment of a naval base) – largely dealt with elsewhere – but will favour economic and commercial aspects (establishment of China Merchants). The two logics can meet, but they respond to very different strategies: a national strategy to assert China's military power as opposed to a corporate strategy to consolidate its global role. Djibouti's dream of becoming a "commercial hub" and an "East African Singapore", gives a particular dimension to China Merchants' choice because it is not the result of the Chinese government's will, but of a specific request from the Djiboutian government. Our research will be conducted on the basis of existing documents, whether official reports, scientific studies or more journalistic information. It will favour first-hand Chinese documents. |
| Abstract: | Études en Sciences Sociales), Centre d'études sur la Chine moderne et contemporaine (UMR 8173) Résumé : La détermination des groupes chinois à devenir les leaders incontestables dans toutes les activités liées au transport maritime est avérée. Deux cas retiennent plus particulièrement l'attention, le plus connu en même temps que le mieux documenté est sans doute celui de COSCO et du port du Pirée. En revanche, celui de la China Merchants à Djibouti, encore mal méconnu, sera l'objet de notre contribution. Nous ne traiterons pas des aspects sécuritaires (établissement d'une base navale)-largement traités par ailleurs-mais privilégierons les aspects économiques et commerciaux (implantation de la China Merchants). Les deux logiques peuvent se rejoindre, mais répondent à des stratégies très différentes : une stratégie nationale pour affirmer la puissance militaire de la Chine opposée à une stratégie d'entreprise pour consolider son rôle mondial. Le rêve de Djibouti qui est de devenir un « hub commercial », de s'ériger en un « Singapour de l'Afrique de l'Est » vient donner une dimension particulière au choix de la China Merchants car il résulte, non de la volonté du gouvernement chinois, mais d'une demande spécifique du gouvernement djiboutien. Notre recherche sera conduite sur la base d'une exploitation des documents existants que ce soit des rapports officiels, des études scientifiques voire des informations plus journalistiques. Elle privilégiera les documents chinois de première main. |
| Keywords: | Djibouti,Africa,China Merchants,Silk Roads,Chine,Afrique,routes de la soie |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01917545&r=sea |