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on Small Business Management |
|
Issue of 2024‒05‒13
twenty-two papers chosen by |
| By: | Richard A. L. Jones (The University of Manchester) |
| Keywords: | Productivity, firm-level |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:anj:ppaper:021&r=sbm |
| By: | Leogrande, Angelo |
| Abstract: | In the following article I analyze the determinants of regular internet users in the Italian regions. The data is analyzed both in terms of static analysis and also through the application of the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Elbow method. Subsequently, an econometric model is presented for estimating regular internet users in the Italian regions based on variables that reflect the state of technological innovation and digital culture. The results are analyzed and discussed in light of the implications that digitalisation has for triggering economic growth. |
| Keywords: | Innovation, Innovation and Invention, Management of Technological Innovation and R&D, Technological Change, Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital |
| JEL: | O30 O31 O32 O33 O34 |
| Date: | 2024–04–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:120612&r=sbm |
| By: | Hang Do (University of Southampton); Kiet Duong (University of York); Toan Huynh (Queen Mary University of London); Nam T. Vu (Miami University) |
| Abstract: | Using the most comprehensive longitudinal survey on small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) in the United Kingdom to date, we study the extent to which the implementation of Brexit in 2020 impacts their labor demand in a difference-in-difference framework. Our identification strategy hinges on using firms’ distance to the Irish border as a novel instrument to isolate the effects of Brexit at the firm level. Specifically, after Brexit in effect, while firms located in Great Britain are subjected to higher costs of doing business with the European Union, their Northern Irish counterparts are not, following the provisions arising from the Northern Ireland Protocol. Leveraging the distance to the border as a plausibly exogenous proxy for Brexit exposure among firms that did not change their location before and after the 2016 referendum, we find that the 2020 implementation of Brexit caused exposed firms to cut their workforce by up to 13.59% on average. The exposed firms are also more likely to have lower growth expectations and more likely to increase their research and development (R&D) expenditure in response. These results highlight the expectation channel and support the hypothesis that firms prioritize innovations in response to Brexit. |
| Keywords: | Brexit; firm responses; technology; EU workers |
| JEL: | D25 D84 F16 O32 |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgs:wpaper:117&r=sbm |
| By: | Nisa Nurul Hikmah ("Management Department, BINUS Business School Master Program, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta-Indonesia 10270" Author-2-Name: Diva Intan Pertiwi Author-2-Workplace-Name: "Management Department, BINUS Business School Master Program, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta-Indonesia 10270 " Author-3-Name: Veronika Gabriella Harianja Author-3-Workplace-Name: "Management Department, BINUS Business School Master Program, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta-Indonesia 10270 " Author-4-Name: Abdul Rohman Author-4-Workplace-Name: "Management Department, BINUS Business School Master Program, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta-Indonesia 10270 " Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | " Objective - This research was motivated by data from the Indonesian Entrepreneurs Association (IWAPI), which revealed a significant majority of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs (98%) among its 30, 000 members. Methodology/Technique - Previous studies on women entrepreneurs' performance had limitations regarding variables and sectors. Therefore, this study analyzed various factors and sectors that impacted women entrepreneurs in the Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi) region. Finding - This study invented novelty, including new knowledge related to variables that affect women entrepreneur performance, especially in the MSMEs sector with a wider area. This study was quantitative research with 246 respondents and was analyzed using SmartPLS Software. The results found that while leadership had some influence on innovative work behavior and women entrepreneurs' performance, the significance was limited. Novelty - Additionally, training and development significantly impacted both innovative work behavior and women entrepreneurs' performance, with the latter being mediated by the former. Ultimately, innovative work behavior significantly influenced women entrepreneurs' performance. Type of Paper - Empirical" |
| Keywords: | Entrepreneurs, Women Entrepreneurs, Leadership, Training and Development, Innovative Work Behavior. |
| JEL: | D83 D89 |
| Date: | 2024–03–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:gjbssr644&r=sbm |
| By: | Kritikos, Alexander S.; Maliranta, Mika; Nippala, Veera; Nurmi, Satu |
| Abstract: | We examine how the gender of business-owners is related to the wages paid to female relative to male employees working in their firms. Using Finnish register data and employing firm fixed effects, we find that the gender pay gap is - starting from a gender pay gap of 11 to 12 percent - two to three percentage-points lower for hourly wages in female-owned firms than in male-owned firms. Results are robust to how the wage is measured, as well as to various further robustness checks. More importantly, we find substantial differences between industries. While, for instance, in the manufacturing sector, the gender of the owner plays no role for the gender pay gap, in several service sector industries, like ICT or business services, no or a negligible gender pay gap can be found, but only when firms are led by female business owners. Businesses in male ownership maintain a gender pay gap of around 10 percent also in the latter industries. With increasing firm size, the influence of the gender of the owner, however, fades. In large firms, it seems that others - firm managers - determine wages and no differences in the pay gap are observed between male- and female-owned firms. |
| Keywords: | Entrepreneurship, Gender Pay Gap, Discrimination, Linked employer-employee data |
| JEL: | J16 J24 J31 J71 L26 M13 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:glodps:1422&r=sbm |
| By: | Leogrande, Angelo |
| Abstract: | in the following article I analyze the trend of cultural and creative employment in the Italian regions between 2004 and 2022 through the use of ISTAT-BES data. After presenting a static analysis, I also present the results of the clustering analysis aimed at identifying groupings between Italian regions. Subsequently, an econometric model is proposed for estimating the value of cultural and creative employment in the Italian regions. Finally, I compare various machine learning models for predicting the value of cultural and creative employment. The results are critically discussed through an economic policy analysis. |
| Keywords: | ovation, Innovation and Invention, Management of Technological Innovation and R&D, Technological Change, Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital |
| JEL: | O30 O31 O32 O33 O34 |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:120603&r=sbm |
| By: | Cyrine Ben-Hafaïedh (IÉSEG School Of Management [Puteaux], LEM - Lille économie management - UMR 9221 - UA - Université d'Artois - UCL - Université catholique de Lille - Université de Lille - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Claire Champenois (Audencia Business School); Thomas Cooney (Dublin Institute of Technology - Dublin Institute of Technology); Leon Schjoedt |
| Abstract: | Analyses of collective action in entrepreneurship are lacking in the extant literature. Despite entrepreneurship research progressively moving away from a focus on the lone heroic entrepreneur, scholars have yet to absorb the full potential of entrepreneurship as collective action. Also missing is a collective stance on key entrepreneurship concepts such as opportunity discovery or construction and entrepreneurial agency. Accordingly, this article reviews and critiques five articles that constitute this Special Issue seeking to establish ‘entrepreneurship as collective action' as the next frontier of entrepreneurship theory development. The articles in this Special Issue each investigate a specific instance of collective action in entrepreneurship. This article contributes to extant scholarship by highlighting transversal themes and offering further research avenues. |
| Keywords: | collective action, collective agency, collective enterprise, collective entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial teams |
| Date: | 2024–02–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04460045&r=sbm |
| By: | J. Lu Jin; L. Wang (Audencia Business School) |
| Abstract: | Using the exploitation-exploration framework to conceptualize international joint ventures (IJVs)' innovation strategy, this study develops a contingent governance view to posit that the effectiveness of exploitative and explorative innovation strategies depends critically on the governance mechanisms between IJV partners. Based on empirical analyses of 187 IJVs in China, our results reveal that explorative innovation strategy generates a greater positive effect on IJV new product performance than exploitative innovation strategy. Furthermore, exploitative innovation strategy has a positive impact on IJV new product performance at high levels of contractual governance but has a negative effect at high levels of relational governance. In contrast, explorative innovation strategy contributes more to IJV new product performance at high levels of relational governance but shows a negative effect at high levels of contractual governance. This study offers important implications for IJVs to better design and manage their innovation strategies. |
| Keywords: | Innovation strategy, International joint venture, Exploitation, Exploration, Contractual governance, Relational governance |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04538031&r=sbm |
| By: | Ariani Dewi Angrenani ("Management Department, BINUS Business School Master Program, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta-Indonesia 11480 " Author-2-Name: Rona Mentari Author-2-Workplace-Name: Management Department, BINUS Business School Master Program, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta-Indonesia 11480 Author-3-Name: Xaviera Lovieta Hermawan Author-3-Workplace-Name: Management Department, BINUS Business School Master Program, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta-Indonesia 11480 Author-4-Name: Abdul Rohman Author-4-Workplace-Name: Management Department, BINUS Business School Master Program, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta-Indonesia 11480 Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | " Objective - This research was motivated by data from the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia in 2022 that stated the number of MSMEs continues to increase from year to year, even reaching 99% of the total number of existing business sectors and the data from Central Statistics Agency (BPS) along with a survey by Bank Indonesia that indicate approximately 64.5% or around 37 million MSMEs in Indonesia are run by women. Methodology/Technique – Previous studies on women entrepreneurs' performance had limitations regarding sectors considered and variables. Thus, this study analyzed factors that influenced women entrepreneurs in Java Island. This research has contributed original insights into the factors influencing the performance of women entrepreneurs, particularly within the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector, encompassing a broader scope of analysis. This study is quantitative research on 295 respondents and was analyzed by SmartPls 4.0 Software. Findings – The study found that while entrepreneurial skills had some influence on entrepreneurial competencies and women entrepreneurs' performance, the significance was limited. Novelty – Furthermore, social networking significantly influenced women entrepreneurs' performance, but social networking had not significantly influenced meditating variable. Ultimately, entrepreneurial competencies had not significantly influenced women entrepreneurs' performance. Type of Paper - Empirical" |
| Keywords: | Women entrepreneurs' performance, social networking, entrepreneurial skills, entrepreneurial competencies. |
| JEL: | G02 G19 |
| Date: | 2024–03–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jfbr221&r=sbm |
| By: | Shihao Wei; Christopher Boudreaux; Zhongfeng Su; Zhan Wu |
| Abstract: | Drawing on the attention based view, this study explores the joint effects of natural disaster intensity at the country level with personal attributes in terms of gender, human capital, and fear of failure on the likelihood to enter social entrepreneurship. Using data on 107, 386 observations across 30 countries, we find that natural disaster intensity has a positive effect on individuals likelihood to engage in social entrepreneurship. In addition, the effect of natural disaster intensity is greater for males, individuals lacking human capital, and those who fear failure. Our study helps elaborate on the antecedents of social entrepreneurship and extends the consequences of natural disasters to entrepreneurship at the individual level. |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2404.08620&r=sbm |
| By: | Naudé, Wim (RWTH Aachen University) |
| Abstract: | This paper presents tentative evidence from 68, 792 papers published between 1961 and 2020 that progress in the scholarly field of entrepreneurship is declining. It is found that the annual number of papers published in entrepreneurship has increased exponentially since the Second World War, growing on average by 17% annually since 1961; the average disruption score of papers have declined by a factor of 36 between the 1960s and the 2010s; and that the average team size per paper has increased from 1, 6 between 1960-1980 to 2, 4 between 2000 and 2020. Estimates from an ideas production function suggest that the field is getting fished out and that researchers are stepping on one another's toes. A Wald-test indicates that a structural break in the disruptiveness of entrepreneurship and business papers occurred around 1999. These results should not be taken as a negative evaluation: it may be a mark of the success of its scholars that the field is mature and degenerating. The remaining task facing the field of entrepreneurship may be how to confront its end. |
| Keywords: | entrepreneurship, business, science, disruption, innovation |
| JEL: | L26 O30 B40 J24 |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp16916&r=sbm |
| By: | Jaime Arellano-Bover; Marco De Simoni; Luigi Guiso; Rocco Macchiavello; Domenico J. Marchetti; Mounu Prem |
| Abstract: | Infiltration of the legal economy by criminal organizations (OCGs) is potentially significant, though how pervasive remains uncertain. Beyond the volume, the motives driving infiltration are of serious policy concern. We introduce a conceptual framework to differentiate between OCGs’ motives for infiltrating legal firms and validate it using new data from the Italian Financial Intelligence Unit. About 2% of Italian firms appear to have links with OCGs, with three primary motives. Firms established by OCGs are predominantly used for criminal activities (functional motive). Medium-sized firms, often infiltrated post-creation, primarily reflect a competitive motive, wherein criminal activities benefit the firm. Lastly, large, well-established firms remain separate from criminal activities and are used for pecuniary and non-pecuniary returns, such as to establish political connections (pure motive). This so far unnoticed motive accounts for a substantial share of OCGs’ infiltration. |
| Keywords: | organized crime, legal economy, firms, infiltration |
| JEL: | G30 L20 K40 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_11043&r=sbm |
| By: | Aldén, Lina (Linnaeus University); Hammarstedt, Mats (Linnaeus University); Skedinger, Per (Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)) |
| Abstract: | Our use of longitudinal register data combined with a unique survey allows us to offer a more comprehensive picture of rural self-employment than in previous studies. We find that self-employed in rural settings are more likely than those in metropolitan regions to employ others, but self-employment rates in rural areas are lower. There is substantial heterogeneity among the rural self-employed; in-movers are quite different from stayers in terms of their perceptions of the conditions necessary for business success and their employment practices. Policy initiatives aimed at fostering development in rural areas should consider these distinctions. |
| Keywords: | Self-Employment; Labor Mobility; Regional Development; Rural Economics |
| JEL: | J24 J61 R11 |
| Date: | 2024–04–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:iuiwop:1487&r=sbm |
| By: | KOUAKOU, Dorgyles C.M.; SZEGO, Eva |
| Abstract: | This paper employs graph theory to assess the extent of integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies within defense activities and investigates how the performance of the national innovation system (NIS) influences this integration. The analysis utilizes data from 33 countries with defense industries, observed from 1990 to 2020. Empirical findings indicate that the United States (U.S.) leads globally, with a significant gap between the U.S. and other countries. NIS performance increases the level of integration of AI technologies in defense activities, suggesting that policies aimed at strengthening NIS performance should have positive externalities on defense activities in terms of integrating AI technologies. Technological diversification, knowledge localization, and originality are key dimensions of NIS performance that significantly enhance the integration of AI technologies within defense activities. They exhibit similar average marginal effects, suggesting comparable impacts. The cycle time of technologies has an inverted-U shaped relationship with the level of integration. |
| Keywords: | Integration of AI technologies; Defense activities; National innovation system |
| JEL: | L64 O31 O34 O38 |
| Date: | 2024–04–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:120617&r=sbm |
| By: | Pazhanisamy, R. |
| Abstract: | Small and Micro Enterprises (SMEs) in India are facing many problems such as unable to access to low cost credit from the formal financial institutions, specifically banking and extend their product to the remote markets. Some factors restrict the access to the finance on the input side while others restrict the products and its market outreach on the others side blocks the micro enterprises growth and lead to the rural population to be interlocked in chronic underemployment underdevelopment. With regard to this there are a very few research attempts are only available to test and verify the implication and operations of the Economic theories that highlights these two side issues rationalize how they contribute for the long run credit gap in the rural economy. Particularly the literature on the credit rationing theory on the input side of the financial inclusion policies and the pecking order theory on the demand side of the finance and their inter relationship with other theories like theory of moral hazard, agency theory, and the theory of adverse selection etc. are not documented and tested at the gross root level for which this paper attempted fill this gap. |
| Keywords: | Challenges of Micro Businesses, Issues of Rural Micro Enterprises, Test of theoretical impact on micro businesses, challenges of rural business Management, Financial inclusion challenges in rural areas |
| JEL: | D21 E32 G53 L22 L98 M30 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:289783&r=sbm |
| By: | RADOVANOVIC Nikola (European Commission - JRC); BOLE Domen |
| Abstract: | The Western Balkan region and Türkiye demonstrated a strong progress in the Smart Specialisation process in the last several years. In this process, the economies were following the Smart Specialisation design and implementation frameworks for the EU Enlargement and Neighbourhood Region. The nominated working groups for managing Smart Specialisation in the region accumulated significant experience in the utilisation of the mentioned frameworks that is very important for the upcoming efforts in implementing not only innovation policies based on Smart Specialisation but also other related policies that are facing common modern-day challenges. The experiences presented in this report can contribute to the elaboration of future directions of developing innovation policy approaches and methodologies in the entire European continent. |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc136309&r=sbm |
| By: | Arrighetti, Alessandro; Costa, Stefano; De Santis, Stefano; Landini, Fabio |
| Abstract: | The drivers of firm success in hyper-competitive markets have received growing attention by economic and management scholars. While earlier works paid particular attention to the analysis of firm strategic positioning in markets, most recent approaches emphasized the importance of internal capabilities. This paper combines these two views in a unified approach through a new conceptual construct, strategic dynamism, that we consider as “antecedent” of performance and “descendant” of capabilities. By using a large and unique survey carried out by the Italian Institute of Statistics we document that a) strategic dynamism explains performance differentials among firms, as captured by labor productivity growth and b) internal capabilities, measured as organizational and personnel capabilities, are important drivers of strategic dynamism. Managerial and policy implications are discussed. |
| Keywords: | strategy, capabilities, performance, , organizational capability, personnel capability |
| JEL: | D21 D22 J24 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:289628&r=sbm |
| By: | Traverso, Silvio; Vatiero, Massimiliano; Zaninotto, Enrico |
| Abstract: | This study examines the association between investments in automation technologies and employment outcomes at the firm level, utilizing a panel dataset of about 10, 450 Italian firms. Focusing on the proliferation of non-standard, flexible labor contracts introduced by labor market reforms in the 2000s, we identify a positive relationship between automation investments and the adoption of flexible labor arrangements. With the aid of a conceptual framework, we interpret these findings as evidence of complementarity between flexible capital, represented by automation technologies, and flexible labor, manifested through non-standard contractual arrangements. This complementarity is crucial for enhancing operational flexibility, a critical determinant of firm performance in the modern market environment. However, while this adaptability is beneficial for firms, it raises concerns about job security, the potential for lower wages among workers, and the reduction of workers' incentives to invest in human capital. In terms of policy implications, our analysis underscores the need for measures that safeguard workers' interests without compromising the efficiency gains from automation. |
| Keywords: | Automation, Labor Contracts, Flexible Capital, Flexible Labor |
| JEL: | D20 J30 J41 K31 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:glodps:1425&r=sbm |
| By: | Leogrande, Angelo |
| Abstract: | In this article I analysed the trend of innovation in the production system in the Italian regions using ISTAT-BES data. After presenting a static analysis and innovation trends of the production system, I present a clustering with a k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette coefficient. Subsequently, an econometric analysis is presented for estimating the determinants of innovation in production systems. Finally, the results are critically discussed with economic policy recommendations. |
| Date: | 2024–03–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:5fch4&r=sbm |
| By: | Heyen, Nils B.; Zenker, Andrea; Aichinger, Heike; Bratan, Tanja; Kaufmann, Tanja; Schnabl, Esther |
| Abstract: | For more than a decade, advocates of both green growth and degrowth have argued about the role of economic growth for the transformation towards a societal system that ensures social well-being on a global scale without transgressing planetary boundaries. Given that such a transformation needs innovations of various kinds, this article explores the question of how dependent innovation is on economic growth and what effects a potential long-term economic stagnation or decline may have on innovation processes and systems. We approach the subject from different angles using mixed methods. First, we present a quantitative analysis of the linkages between economic growth and innovation activities on a sectoral level, based on data of the Community Innovation Survey (CIS) for Germany. Here, we find two sectors (petroleum and advertising industries) showing negative growth rates but still a higher than average share of innovative enterprises. Subsequently, we present an in-depth qualitative case study of the international pharmaceutical sector, which allows us to include a qualitative evaluation dimension. Here, we investigate different innovation approaches and find that both the amount of capital needed to finance research and development activities and the added health benefit of novel drugs vary greatly. We finally conclude that economic growth is not a necessary condition for all kinds of innovation and reflect on some implications for innovation policy. If in a post-growth era financial resources are limited, a shift to less capital-intensive types of innovation and a concentration on innovations which address prioritised societal or ecological needs seem feasible. |
| Keywords: | (in)dependency, innovation, economic growth |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:fisidp:289610&r=sbm |
| By: | Anna Valero (Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics); Bart van Ark (The Productivity Institute, The University of Manchester) |
| Keywords: | Productivity, UK regions, UK places |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:anj:ppaper:027&r=sbm |
| By: | BIANCHI Guia (European Commission - JRC); MATTI Cristian (European Commission - JRC); PONTIKAKIS Dimitrios (European Commission - JRC); REIMERIS Ramojus (European Commission - JRC); HAEGEMAN Karel Herman (European Commission - JRC); MIEDZINSKI Michal (European Commission - JRC); SILLERO ILLANES Carmen (European Commission - JRC); MIFSUD Solange (European Commission - JRC); SASSO Simone (European Commission - JRC); BOL Erica (European Commission - JRC); MARQUES SANTOS Anabela (European Commission - JRC); ANDREONI Antonio; JANSSEN Matthijs; SAUBLENS Christian; STEFANOV Ruslan; TOLIAS Yannis |
| Abstract: | Addressing complex challenges requires different tools, mindsets and approaches from those traditionally used, which contributed to create some of these challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, raising inequalities. Focusing on one is not sufficient and understanding their interlinkages and feedback effects is essential. Innovation policy alone cannot help us tackle such problems, nor to achieve the European Green Deal – Europe’s own socio-economic transformation strategy. For this, interterritorial collaboration, network governance and coordinated policy-action mixes enable efforts at the local, regional and national level to achieve long-term societal wellbeing and climate resilient development. Building partnerships is therefore not only a desired objective, but a necessary prerequisite to move towards long-term societal wellbeing and secure Europe’s open strategic autonomy. ‘Innovation for place-based transformations’ includes three operational documents. First, the ACTIONbook provides some activities to build strategic and purpose-driven partnerships within an institution, department, territory, and across boundaries. Then, a collection of practices from territories describes existing approaches to transformative innovation taking place in Europe. Finally, a collection of tools for ACTION is linked to activities described in the ACTIONbook and can be used to put them in practice. This document is published by the Joint Research Centre and the European Committee of the Regions and is the result of a co-creative effort with Partnerships for Regional Innovation (PRI) pilot participants, the PRI Scientific Committee, experts and policymakers. |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc135826&r=sbm |