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on Small Business Management |
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Issue of 2022‒09‒12
eleven papers chosen by João Carlos Correia Leitão Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Leogrande, Angelo; Costantiello, Alberto; Laureti, Lucio |
| Abstract: | In this article we analyze the determinants and the export trend of European countries of medium and high technology products. The data were analyzed using various econometric models, namely WLS, Pooled OLS, Dynamic Panel, Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects. The results show that exports of medium and high-tech products are positively associated, among other variables, with the value of “Average Annual GDP Growth”, “Total Entrepreneurial Activity” and “Sales Impacts”, and negatively associated with, among other variables, “Human Resources”, “Government and Procurement of Advanced Technology Products” and “Buyer Sophistication”. A cluster analysis was realized with the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette coefficient. The result showed the presence of only two clusters. Since this result was considered poorly representative of the industrial complexity of the European Union countries, a further analysis was carried out with the Elbow method. The result showed the presence of 6 clusters with the dominance of Germany and the economies connected to the German economy. In addition, a network analysis was carried out using the distance to Manhattan. Four complex network structures and two simplified network structures were detected. A comparison was then made between 10 machine learning algorithms for predicting the value of exports of medium and high-tech products. The result shows that the best performing algorithm is the SGD. An analysis with Augmented Data-AD was implemented with a comparison between 10 machine learning algorithms for prediction and the result shows that the Linear Regression algorithm is the best predictor. The prediction with the Augmented Data-AD allows to reduce the MAE by about 0.0022131 compared to the prediction with the Original Data-OD. |
| Keywords: | Innovation, and Invention: Processes and Incentives; Management of Technological Innovation and R&D; Diffusion Processes; Open Innovation |
| JEL: | O30 O31 O32 O33 O34 |
| Date: | 2022–08–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:114215&r= |
| By: | Costantiello, Alberto; Laureti, Lucio; Leogrande, Angelo |
| Abstract: | In this article we investigate the determinants of marketing or organizational innovators in Europe for 36 countries in the period 2010-2019. We have used data from the European Innovation Scoreboard-EIS of the European Commission. We perform different econometric models i.e. Dynamic Panel, Pooled OLS, Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, WLS. Results show that the level of marketing or organizational innovators in positively associated, among others variables to “Innovation Index”, “Innovators” and “Knowledge Intensive Service Exports”, while is negatively associated with “Sales Impacts”, “Foreign Controlled Enterprises Share of Value Added” and “Government procurement of advanced technology products”. |
| Keywords: | Innovation, and Invention: Processes and Incentives; Management of Technological Innovation and R&D; Diffusion Processes; Open Innovation. |
| JEL: | O30 O31 O32 O33 O34 |
| Date: | 2022–08–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:114121&r= |
| By: | Abrardi, Laura; Grinza, Elena; Manello, Alessandro; Porta, Flavio |
| Abstract: | We use survey data on Italian small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) collected during the COVID-19 pandemic to explore the relationship between the adoption of work from home (WFH) practices and organizational performance. In so doing, we investigate the possible underlying mechanisms, including measures of labor productivity and workers’ concentration and motivation, the level of absenteeism, the organization of work through management by objectives (MBO), and the presence of coordination and communication costs. We obtain several results. First, we find a significantly enhanced capability of firms that adopted WFH during the pandemic to sustain the overall organizational performance, particularly when such work practice is used intensively. Second, increased labor productivity and workers’ concentration and motivation, decreased absenteeism, and a substantial rise in the adoption of MBO seem to be the main drivers behind the detected benefits related to WFH. Third, when WFH is used at medium levels of intensity, it is associated with augmented coordi- nation and communication costs, which nonetheless do not appear to overcome the benefits associated with WFH. |
| Keywords: | Work from home (WFH), teleworking, agile working, smart working, organizational performance, labor productivity, management by objectives (MBO), COVID-19, small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), survey data. |
| JEL: | D23 D24 M54 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:113817&r= |
| By: | Liu, Li (International Monetary Fund); Lockwood, Ben (University of Warwick); Tam. Eddy (King's College london) |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the effect of the VAT threshold on firm growth in the UK, using exogenous variation over time in the threshold, combined with turnover bin fixed effects, for identification. We find robust evidence that annual growth in turnover slows by about 1 percentage point when firm turnover gets close to the threshold, and weaker evidence of higher growth when the threshold is passed. Growth in firm costs shows a similar pattern, indicating that the response to the threshold is likely to be a real response rather than an evasion response. Firms that habitually register even when their turnover is below the VAT threshold (voluntary registered firms) have growth that is unaffected by the threshold, whereas firms that select into the Flat-Rate Scheme have a less pronounced slowdown response than other firms. Similar patterns of turnover and cost growth around the threshold are also observed for non-incorporated businesses. Finally, simulation results clarify the relative contribution of "noncrossers" ( firms who eventually register for VAT) and "non-crossers" (those who permanently stay below the threshold) in explaining our empirical findings. JEL Classification: H22 ; H25 ; H26 |
| Keywords: | VAT ; size-based threshold ; firm growth |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cge:wacage:631&r= |
| By: | Anaïs Garin (IRG - Institut de Recherche en Gestion - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 - Université Gustave Eiffel); Mathias Béjean (IRG - Institut de Recherche en Gestion - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 - Université Gustave Eiffel); Stefan Meisiek (The University of Sydney Business School) |
| Abstract: | Innovation ecosystems have been increasingly studied in the past few years. Previous research focused on the orchestration of innovation ecosystems and the diverse activities needed to maintain an ecosystem over time. However, few scholars studied the capabilities required to carry out orchestration activities. Drawing on the dynamic capabilities framework, we seek to understand how dynamic capabilities support orchestration activities in innovation ecosystems. Our single case study of an innovation ecosystem in the Medtech industry reveals that orchestration activities can be shared among several ecosystem actors and can be associated with sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring dynamic capabilities. By doing so, we contribute to the literature on innovation ecosystem orchestration. Our findings also point out the importance of historical and subjective time when studying dynamic phenomena. This complements recent research that views collective memory and history as valuable dynamic capabilities. We conclude by suggesting a rethinking of the dynamic capabilities framework to embrace the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of innovation ecosystems. |
| Date: | 2022–07–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03709784&r= |
| By: | Nacer-Eddine Mouffok (Université Abderrahmane Mira [Béjaïa]); Salim Saidani (Université Abderrahmane Mira, Algeria) |
| Abstract: | The renewal policy is one of the policies that companies resort to enforce after a period of starting their activity.We note that the rapid technological advancements in machine design are preparing many enterprises to improve their performance and develop production in a better and more advantageous form.And our study makes it possible to develop a rational policy for the acquisition of machines in an industrial installation. |
| Keywords: | Banks,bejaia,business center,credit,SMEs. JEL Classification Codes: G310,G320,changement,l'innovation,l'environnement,Productivité,flexibilité,Processus. Code Jel :O32,O33,L22 change,innovation,environment,Productivity,flexibility,Process. JEL Classification Codes:O32,L22 |
| Date: | 2022–06–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03723490&r= |
| By: | SPEROTTO, Fernanda Q.; TARTARUGA, Iván G. P. |
| Abstract: | This study aimed to provide an overview of eco-innovations in the Brazilian industry. To address this issue, we analyzed specific data of eco-innovative companies. In addition, we applied the cluster heatmap technique, which allowed us to analyze the different drivers and impacts of eco-innovations in different sectors. According to the results, companies that stated that innovation made it possible to reduce their environmental impact represent a third of all innovators. Moreover, they are companies that have shown greater effort to innovate and greater susceptibility to the benefits and obstacles of innovation. Furthermore, the eco-innovation strategy is mainly driven by market factors, such as reputation and codes of good practice. The impacts are mainly associated with the use of more widespread and less complex technologies, such as recycling. In addition to these results, the study considers some alternatives to guide the innovation policy, especially related to eco-innovations in semi-peripherical countries. |
| Keywords: | sustainability; green technologies; environmental innovation; industry; Brazil |
| JEL: | L6 O31 Q55 Q56 |
| Date: | 2021–07–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:109149&r= |
| By: | Quentin Plantec (TSM - Toulouse School of Management Research - UT1 - Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - TSM - Toulouse School of Management - UT1 - Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées); Marie-Alix Deval; Sophie Hooge; Benoît Weil |
| Abstract: | Big data, supported by AI technologies, is mainly viewed as a trigger for radical innovation. The automotive industry appears as a key example: the most critical innovative challenges (e.g., autonomous driving, connected cars) imply drawing more extensively on big data. But the degree of innovativeness of the industrial purpose of incumbents, who are already embedding such technologies in their end-products, is worth investigating. To answer this research question, we relied on a mixed-method approach and used knowledge search as a theoretical framework. First, we conducted a quantitative analysis on 46,145 patents from the top-19 automotive incumbents. By comparing AI and non-AI patents, we showed that incumbents mainly rely on knowledge exploitation for data-driven innovation leading to incremental innovations. But, surprisingly, such innovation path foster more technologically original inventions with AI, which is not the case for non-AI patents. Second, we conducted a qualitative study to better understand this phenomenon. We showed that big data and AI technologies are integrated in the industrialization phase of new vehicles development process, following creative problem-solving logics. We also retrieved technical and organizational challenges limiting data-driven innovation. Those findings are discussed regarding the knowledge search and the new product development literature in the context of automotive industry. |
| Keywords: | Big data,AI technologies,automotive industry,digital transformation |
| Date: | 2022–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03727359&r= |
| By: | Carlo Bottoni (Bank of Italy); Michele Cascarano (Bank of Italy); Iconio Garrí (Bank of Italy); Litterio Mirenda (Bank of Italy); Paolo Emilio Mistrulli (Bank of Italy); Dalia Maria Pizzillo (Bank of Italy); Davide Revelli (Bank of Italy); Tiziano Ropele (Bank of Italy) |
| Abstract: | The work analyzes the territorial divides in the access to credit for Italian firms in the period 2010-2019. As already documented by previous studies, the econometric analysis shows that, after controlling for a bunch of characteristics, Southern firms provide more frequently a collateral and face a higher cost of credit (by about 70 basis points, on average) than in the Center North. The conditions of access to credit affect loan demand, which is lower among Southern firms. Negative externalities, which are more marked in Southern Italy, such as the inefficiency of justice, the spread of crime and the lack of social capital, contribute to explaining part of the observed gaps. |
| Keywords: | territorial gaps, access to credit, cost of credit |
| JEL: | R11 G21 |
| Date: | 2022–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdi:opques:qef_710_22&r= |
| By: | Ricardo Figueiredo Belchior (ISEG - ISEG-Lisbon School of Economics and Management - ULISBOA - Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon); Bernardo Melo Pimentel (Forward College, NOVA SBE - NOVA - School of Business and Economics - NOVA - Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon, ISEG - ISEG-Lisbon School of Economics and Management - ULISBOA - Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon) |
| Keywords: | Entrepreneurship,Starting age,Economic growth |
| Date: | 2022–08–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-03746472&r= |
| By: | Arturo J. Galindo; Jorge Tovar |
| Abstract: | The pandemic hit the Colombian economy as hard as other countries. Using the novel Business Pulse Survey, the paper test's the effect of government support and COVID-19 cases on firms' performance. A one standard deviation increase in government support at the average intensity of the pandemic increased the percentage of firms reporting normal operations by 4.8%. The Spring 2021 demonstrations, however, impacted negatively 13% each month it lasted. Firms' financial distress also counters the impact of government support, suggesting the need to complement firms' assistance with elements to ease their access to financial markets. Lastly, we show that investing in digital solutions was positively related to firms' performance but working from home had the opposite sign. |
| Keywords: | COVID-19, Firms performance, Policies, Working from home |
| JEL: | D22 L20 L25 O10 |
| Date: | 2022–07–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:col:000089:020330&r= |