|
on Small Business Management |
|
Issue of 2020‒07‒13
nineteen papers chosen by João Carlos Correia Leitão Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Pietro Santoleri; Andrea Mina; Alberto Di Minin; Irene Martelli |
| Abstract: | Direct public support for business R&D is a well-established remedy to market failures, yet empirical evidence on its effectiveness yields conflicting results. The paper investigates the impact of the first European public R&D grant program targeting small and medium enterprises (i.e. the SME Instrument) on a wide range of firm outcomes. We leverage the assignment mechanisms of the policy and employ a sharp regression discontinuity design to provide the broadest quasi-experimental evidence on R&D grants over both geographical and sectoral scopes. Results show that grants trigger sizable impacts. They increase investment, notably in intangibles, and innovation outcomes as measured by cite-weighted patents; they trigger faster growth in assets, employment and revenues; they lead to higher likelihood of receiving follow-on equity financing and lower failure chances. These effects tend to be larger for firms that are smaller and younger, or operating in sectors characterized by higher financial frictions. Furthermore, responses are stronger in countries and regions with lower economic development. The paper provides extensive evidence that the beneficial effects of R&D grants materialize through funding rather than certification effects. |
| Keywords: | Regression discontinuity design; Research and development; Innovation Policy; SMEs. |
| Date: | 2020–06–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssa:lemwps:2020/18&r=all |
| By: | Tullio Buccellato (Economic Research Department, Confindustria); Giancarlo Corò (Department of Economics, University Of Venice Cà Foscari) |
| Abstract: | The key purpose of this paper is to measure the strength of regional economic fabrics based on their structure. We propose a new mapping of European regions based on structural proximity; the representation takes the shape of a network, which is also useful to define clusters of regions according to the similarity of their economic structures and, hence, in the endowment of productive competences. We show that there is a high persistence in the relative positioning of regions according to their economic structure and that this is markedly associated with patterns of economic growth and convergence. The spectrum of regional performance range from virtuous urban agglomerates characterized by the presence of advanced services, with enhanced institutional quality, endowed with efficient transport infrastructures and highly educated and productive workforce, to regions characterised by scarce service or industrial activity, sometimes with a cumbersome role of tourism-related business, with poor institutions and transport infrastructure and low endowments of human capital and productive workforce. To richer pools of productive competences are associated faster paces of economic growth. The findings of this paper suggest that place-based policies should be implemented to support territorial development in the short/medium term, but these policies can be effective for the long run growth only when they are meant to leverage on the regional pool of competences to trace trajectories of structural change. |
| Keywords: | Resilience, economic complexity, regional disparities |
| JEL: | O10 O25 P25 R10 L16 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ven:wpaper:2020:14&r=all |
| By: | Corinne Autant-Bernard (Univ Lyon, UJM Saint-Etienne, GATE UMR 5824, F-42023 Saint Etienne, France); Ruben Fotso (Univ Lyon, UJM Saint-Etienne, GATE UMR 5824, F-42023 Saint Etienne, France); Nadine Massard (Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRA, Grenoble INP, GAEL, 38000 Grenoble, France) |
| Abstract: | Large firms dominate R&D investment in most countries and receive the majority of public R&D funding. Due to methodological difficulties, however, evaluation of the effect of government-sponsored R&D programmes mainly focuses on small- and medium-sized enterprises. The scarcity of large firms and their heterogeneity hampers the ability to find proper counterfactuals for very large companies and makes it difficult to use proper inference methods to measure the impact of a specific policy. In order to address these methodological issues, we propose using the synthetic control method, initially developed by Abadie et al. (2010) to evaluate programmes on a regional scale. We apply this method to evaluate the impact of a new French science-industry transfer initiative and compare the results with the random trend model and more standard counterfactual approaches. Based on data covering a long pre-treatment period (1998–2011) and ongoing treatment period (2012–2015), we reveal a convergence between the results obtained with the synthetic control method and the random trend model, and demonstrate that traditional counterfactual evaluation methods are not appropriate for large firms. Moreover, the synthetic control method has the advantage of providing an individual assessment of the policy impact on each firm. In the specific case of the French science-industry transfer initiative, it reveals that the impact on private R&D is highly heterogenous both on RD inputs and cooperation behaviours. Beyond this specific transfer policy, this study suggests that the synthetic control method opens new research perspectives in policy impact evaluation at the firm level. |
| Keywords: | impact evaluation, R&D policy, large firms, synthetic control method, Technological Research Institutes (TRIs) |
| JEL: | C23 D22 O38 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gat:wpaper:2018&r=all |
| By: | Bronwyn H. Hall |
| Abstract: | I survey some recent research on the role of patents in encouraging innovation and growth in developing economies, beginning with a brief history of international patent systems and facts about the current use of patents around the world. I discuss research on the implications of patents for international technology transfer and domestic innovation. This is followed by a review of recent work by myself and co-authors on regional patent systems, the impact of patents on firm performance, and the impact on pharmaceutical patenting and domestic innovation. The conclusion suggests that patents may be relatively unimportant in development, even for middle income countries. |
| JEL: | L65 O25 O30 O34 |
| Date: | 2020–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:27203&r=all |
| By: | Gropp, Reint; Koetter, Michael; McShane, William |
| Abstract: | The German government launched an unprecedented range of support programmes to mitigate the economic fallout from the Covid-19 pandemic for employees, self-employed, and firms. Fiscal transfers and guarantees amount to approximately €1.2 billion by now and are supplemented by similarly impressive measures taken at the European level. We argue in this note that the pandemic poses, however, also important challenges to financial stability in general and bank resilience in particular. A stable banking system is, in turn, crucial to ensure that support measures are transmitted to the real economy and that credit markets function seamlessly. Our analysis shows that banks are exposed rather differently to deteriorated business outlooks due to marked differences in their lending specialisation to different economic sectors. Moreover, a number of the banks that were hit hardest by bleak growth prospects of their borrowers were already relatively thinly capitalised at the outset of the pandemic. This coincidence can impair the ability and willingness of selected banks to continue lending to their mostly small and medium sized entrepreneurial customers. Therefore, ensuring financial stability is an important pre-requisite to also ensure the effectiveness of fiscal support measures. We estimate that contracting business prospects during the first quarter of 2020 could lead to an additional volume of non-performing loans (NPL) among the 40 most stressed banks ‒ mostly small, regional relationship lenders ‒ on the order of around €200 million. Given an initial stock of NPL of €650 million, this estimate thus suggests a potential level of NPL at year-end of €1.45 billion for this fairly small group of banks already. We further show that 17 regional banking markets are particularly exposed to an undesirable coincidence of starkly deteriorating borrower prospects and weakly capitalised local banks. Since these regions are home to around 6.8% of total employment in Germany, we argue that ensuring financial stability in the form of healthy bank balance sheets should be an important element of the policy strategy to contain the adverse real economic effects of the pandemic. |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:iwhonl:22020&r=all |
| By: | Corinne Autant-Bernard (GATE Lyon Saint-Étienne - Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université de Lyon - UJM - Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] - UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - Université de Lyon - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - ENS Lyon - École normale supérieure - Lyon); Ruben Fotso (GATE Lyon Saint-Étienne - Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université de Lyon - UJM - Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] - UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - Université de Lyon - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - ENS Lyon - École normale supérieure - Lyon); Nadine Massard (GAEL - Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | Large firms dominate R&D investment in most countries and receive the majority of public R&D funding. Due to methodological difficulties, however, evaluation of the effect of government-sponsored R&D programmes mainly focuses on small-and medium-sized enterprises. The scarcity of large firms and their heterogeneity hampers the ability to find proper counterfactuals for very large companies and makes it difficult to use proper inference methods to measure the impact of a specific policy. In order to address these methodological issues, we propose using the synthetic control method, initially developed by Abadie et al. (2010) to evaluate programmes on a regional scale. We apply this method to evaluate the impact of a new French science-industry transfer initiative and compare the results with the random trend model and more standard counterfactual approaches. Based on data covering a long pre-treatment period (1998-2011) and ongoing treatment period (2012-2015), we reveal a convergence between the results obtained with the synthetic control method and the random trend model, and demonstrate that traditional counterfactual evaluation methods are not appropriate for large firms. Moreover, the synthetic control method has the advantage of providing an individual assessment of the policy impact on each firm. In the specific case of the French science-industry transfer initiative, it reveals that the impact on private R&D is highly heterogenous both on RD inputs and cooperation behaviours. Beyond this specific transfer policy, this study suggests that the synthetic control method opens new research perspectives in policy impact evaluation at the firm level. Abstract: Large firms dominate R&D investment in most countries and receive the majority of public R&D funding. Due to methodological difficulties, however, evaluation of the effect of government-sponsored R&D programmes mainly focuses on small-and medium-sized enterprises. The scarcity of large firms and their heterogeneity hampers the ability to find proper counterfactuals for very large companies and makes it difficult to use proper inference methods to measure the impact of a specific policy. In order to address these methodological issues, we propose using the synthetic control method, initially developed by Abadie et al. (2010) to evaluate programmes on a regional scale. We apply this method to evaluate the impact of a new French science-industry transfer initiative and compare the results with the random trend model and more standard counterfactual approaches. Based on data covering a long pre-treatment period (1998-2011) and ongoing treatment period (2012-2015), we reveal a convergence between the results obtained with the synthetic control method and the random trend model, and demonstrate that traditional counterfactual evaluation methods are not appropriate for large firms. Moreover, the synthetic control method has the advantage of providing an individual assessment of the policy impact on each firm. In the specific case of the French science-industry transfer initiative, it reveals that the impact on private R&D is highly heterogenous both on RD inputs and cooperation behaviours. Beyond this specific transfer policy, this study suggests that the synthetic control method opens new research perspectives in policy impact evaluation at the firm level. |
| Keywords: | impact evaluation,R&D policy,large firms,synthetic control method,Technological Research Institutes (TRIs) |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-02733210&r=all |
| By: | Michael D. König (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, School of Business and Economics); Kjetil Storesletten (Department of Economics, University of Oslo); Zheng Song (Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Economics); Fabrizio Zilibotti (Cowles Foundation, Yale University) |
| Abstract: | We construct a model of rm dynamics with heterogenous productivity and distortions. The productivity distribution evolves endogenously as the result of the decisions of ï¬ rms seeking to upgrade their productivity over time. Firms can adopt two strategies toward that end: imitation and innovation. The theory bears predictions about the evolution of the productivity distribution. We structurally estimate the stationary state of the dynamic model targeting moments of the empirical distribution of R&D and TFP growth in China during the period 2007-2012. The estimated model ts the Chinese data well. We compare the estimates with those obtained using data for Taiwan and ï¬ nd the results to be robust. We perform counterfactuals to study the effect of alternative policies. We ï¬ nd large effects of R&D misallocation on long-run growth. |
| Keywords: | China, Imitation, Innovation, Misallocation, Productivity, R&D, Subsidies, Taiwan, TFP Growth, Traveling Wave |
| JEL: | O31 O33 O47 |
| Date: | 2020–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cwl:cwldpp:2237&r=all |
| By: | Arroyabe, M. F.; Hussinger, Katrin; Hagedoorn, John |
| Abstract: | Although merger and acquisitions (M&As) are acknowledged as an important means to access innovative assets and know-how, firms' inventive output often declines in the post-M&A period. Financial, managerial and organizational constraints related to the M&A event contribute to inventive output declines and inventors' departure. Prior literature treats the acquiring firm as a passive observer of invention declines. This study argues that acquiring firms can take measures by hiring new key inventors. We show that the hiring of new key inventors in the post-M&A period can counteract invention declines in two ways. First, these newly hired inventors are associated with an increase of corporate inventive output after the M&A. Second, they are also associated with an improved inventive output of inventors already working for the acquiring firm. These results suggest that an appropriate hiring policy can counteract declining inventive output of firms in the aftermath of M&As. |
| Keywords: | M&A,post-M&A inventive output,key inventors,KBV |
| JEL: | O34 O32 G34 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewdip:20029&r=all |
| By: | Orlando, Michael; Verba, Michael (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management); Weiler, Stefan |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tiu:tiutis:95596302-d86b-4166-80f0-ac8d25132aba&r=all |
| By: | de la Croix, David; Docquier, Frédéric; Fabre, Alice; Stelter, Robert |
| Abstract: | We argue that market forces shaped the geographic distribution of upper-tail human capital across Europe during the Middle Ages, and contributed to bolstering universities at the dawn of the Humanistic and Scientific Revolutions. We build a unique database of thousands of scholars from university sources covering all of Europe, construct an index of their ability, and map the academic market in the medieval and early modern periods. We show that scholars tended to concentrate in the best universities (agglomeration), that better scholars were more sensitive to the quality of the university (positive sorting) and migrated over greater distances (positive selection). Agglomeration, selection and sorting patterns testify to a functioning academic market, made possible by political fragmentation and the use of a common language (Latin). |
| Keywords: | agglomeration; Discrete choice model; Publications; Scholars; Universities; Upper-Tail Human Capital |
| JEL: | I25 N33 O15 |
| Date: | 2020–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:14509&r=all |
| By: | Marta F. Arroyabe (Essex Business School, UK); Katrin Hussinger (Department of Economics and Management, Université du Luxembourg); John Hagedoorn (UNU-MERIT, United Nations University - Maastricht, NL) |
| Abstract: | Although merger and acquisitions (M&As) are acknowledged as an important means to access innovative assets and know-how, firms’ inventive output often declines in the post-M&A period. Financial, managerial and organizational constraints related to the M&A event contribute to inventive output declines and inventors’ departure. Prior literature treats the acquiring firm as a passive observer of invention declines. This study argues that acquiring firms can take measures by hiring new key inventors. We show that the hiring of new key inventors in the post-M&A period can counteract invention declines in two ways. First, these newly hired inventors are associated with an increase of corporate inventive output after the M&A. Second, they are also associated with an improved inventive output of inventors already working for the acquiring firm. These results suggest that an appropriate hiring policy can counteract declining inventive output of firms in the aftermath of M&As. |
| Keywords: | M&A, post-M&A inventive output, key inventors, KBV |
| JEL: | O32 G34 M10 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:luc:wpaper:20-19&r=all |
| By: | Janys, Lena (University of Bonn) |
| Abstract: | Increasing diversity in higher tiers of occupations is a strongly debated topic and subject to legislation and reform in professional organizations in many countries. I use a novel method for detecting implicit quotas in workplaces, college admissions or birth patterns, relying exclusively on the distribution of different demographic types across different workplace locations, colleges or families. I apply this method to current employment of female professors at German universities across 50 different disciplines and show that the distribution of women, given the average number of women in the respective field, is unlikely to result from a random allocation of women across departments and more likely to stem from an implicit quota of one or two women on the department level. I also show that a large part of the variation in the share of women across STEM and non-STEM disciplines could be explained by a strict two-women quota on the department level. These findings have important implications for the potential effectiveness of policies aiming at reducing underrepresentation, as well has providing evidence how stakeholders perceive and evaluate diversity. |
| Keywords: | diversity, tokenism, gender, simulation methods |
| JEL: | J71 C15 |
| Date: | 2020–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp13372&r=all |
| By: | Ahmad Zamri Mansor (Centre of Education Leadership and Policy, Faculty of Education, UKM Bangi, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Norasmah Othman Author-2-Workplace-Name: Centre of Education Leadership and Policy, Faculty of Education, UKM Bangi, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Mohd Maliki Kamarul Zaman Author-3-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Education, UKM Bangi, Malaysia Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective - Women play a significant role in Malaysian economic development. FELCRA is a corporate organization wholly owned by the Malaysian government agency entrusted with the initiative to increase the participation of women in the socio-economic sector. This study aims to explore this issue to address the following research questions: (1) How do they recruit new staff? (2) What are their criteria for hiring new staff? and (3) how do women entrepreneurs train their staff? Methodology/Technique - This study employs a qualitative approach using in-depth interview. The participants of this study include 6 women entrepreneurs, their ages range from 57 to 62 and all of them are employed in the food industry. Findings & Novelty - There are six emerging themes: (1) Reaching out to personal network; (2) Passive candidate sourcing; (3) Disciplined; (4) Personal integrity; (5) Hands-on approach; and (6) Business-specific practical solutions. The findings of this study are beneficial to entrepreneurs and other stakeholders in relation to adapting to good business practices. Type of Paper - Empirical. |
| Keywords: | Malaysia; entrepreneurship; Malaysian Women; Women Entrepreneurs. |
| JEL: | M13 L26 |
| Date: | 2020–06–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:gjbssr559&r=all |
| By: | Léa Marchal (Universität Bielefeld = Bielefeld University); Clément Nedoncelle (ECO-PUB - Economie Publique - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - AgroParisTech) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the export‐enhancing effect of immigrant workers and how this effect varies across occupations. We use a dataset made of French manufacturing firms from 1997 to 2009 and address the problem of endogenous employment choice using an instrumental variable‐two‐stage least squares (IV‐2SLS) strategy and a doubly robust estimator. Our results show that immigrants in both low‐ and high‐skilled occupations foster exports at both the intensive and the extensive margins. In addition, we show that this effect is spread across all export destinations. |
| Abstract: | Cet article estime l'effet des travailleurs immigrés sur l'amélioration des exportations et la manière dont cet effet varie selon les occupations. Les auteurs utilisent des données d'entreprises manufacturières françaises de 1997 à 2009. Ils écartent le problème de l'emploi endogène à l'exportation à l'aide d'une stratégie de variable instrumentale (IV-2SLS) et d'un estimateur doublement robuste. Les résultats montrent que les immigrés dans les professions peu ou fortement qualifiées favorisent les exportations à la marge intensive et extensive. De plus, cet effet est réparti sur toutes les destinations d'exportation. |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02618856&r=all |
| By: | Ewens, Michael (California Institute of Technology); Nanda, Ramana; Stanton, Christopher |
| Abstract: | We use individual-level data to shed light on the evolution of founder-CEO compensation in venture capital-backed startups. We document that having a tangible, marketable product is a fundamental milestone in CEOs' compensation contracts, marking the point at which liquid cash compensation begins to increase significantly – well before a liquidity event. "Product market fit" also coincides with key human capital in the startup becoming more replaceable, marking an apparent transition in the firm’s lifecycle from differentiation to standardization. Although substantial increases in cash compensation for founder-CEOs in response to milestones improves the certainty equivalent of attempting entrepreneurship relative to flat pay, low cash compensation in the very early years can still deter entrepreneurship for potential entrants. We characterize the types of individuals most likely to be impacted by this constraint and hence those whose ideas are unlikely to be commercialized through VC-backed entrepreneurship. |
| Date: | 2020–05–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:rku3m&r=all |
| By: | Koski, Heli; Kässi, Otto; Braesemann, Fabian |
| Abstract: | Abstract This paper empirically studies the effect of acquisitions made by the large US-based technology companies on the entry dynamics and venture capital financing in different product markets. We use data from 742 product markets globally, distinguishing the US and European markets, for the years 2003-2018. The estimation results based on the difference-in-differences estimation suggest that the technology giants’ buyouts subsequently reduced market entry rates and decreased available venture capital funding in the target product markets of tech giants’ acquisitions. In other words, the acquisitions of technology giants seem to generate the so-called kill zone effect. Our empirical analysis further suggests that this effect was strengthened during the 2010s when large technology companies gained increasing access to user data. Furthermore, we find that technology giants’ acquisitions of platform companies have decreased market entry in non-platform markets. In the US, unlike in the EU area, also available venture capital financing has declined in such non-platform markets from which technology giants have acquired companies. |
| Keywords: | Acquisitions, Venture capital funding, Competition, Technology giants |
| JEL: | G24 G34 L1 L41 |
| Date: | 2020–07–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rif:wpaper:81&r=all |
| By: | Stephan Marette (ECO-PUB - Economie Publique - AgroParisTech - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique); Anne-Célia Disdier (PSE - Paris School of Economics, PJSE - Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques - UP1 - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS Paris - École normale supérieure - Paris - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); John Beghin (Yeutter Institute of International Trade and Finance, University of Nebraska [Lincoln] - University of Nebraska System) |
| Abstract: | We compare consumers' attitude towards and willingness to pay (WTP) for gene-edited (GE) apples in Europe and the US. Using virtual choices in a lab and different technology messages, we estimate WTP of 162 French and 166 US consumers for new apples, which do not brown upon being sliced or cut. Messages center on (i) the social and private benefits of having the new apples, and (ii) possible technologies leading to this new benefit (conventional hybrids, GE, and genetically modified (GMO)). French consumers do not value the innovation and actually discount it when it is generated via biotechnology. US consumers do value the innovation as long as it is not generated by biotechnology. In both countries, the steepest discount is for GMO apples, followed by GE apples. Furthermore, the discounting occurs through "boycott" consumers who dislike biotechnology. However, the discounting is weaker for US consumers compared to French consumers. Favorable attitudes towards sciences and new technology totally offset the discounting of GE apples. |
| Keywords: | Gene editing,genetically modified organisms,hybrids,consumer information,experimental economics,willingness to pay |
| Date: | 2020–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:psewpa:halshs-02872222&r=all |
| By: | Derrick Choe; Alexander Oettl; Robert Seamans |
| Abstract: | In this chapter we draw from existing literature and a range of statistics to describe economic, entrepreneurial and innovative activities in the transportation and warehousing sector of the U.S. economy. We suggest multiple avenues for future work, and argue for more research on the role of warehousing in particular. Recent trends suggest that the warehousing and storage subsector is experiencing rapid economic and technological changes, likely reflecting shifts in how consumers purchase goods. We also review several other recent innovations, including ride-sharing and autonomous vehicles, that are starting to affect this sector of the economy. |
| JEL: | L26 L90 O18 O30 R40 |
| Date: | 2020–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:27284&r=all |
| By: | Giancarlo Corò (Department of Economics, University Of Venice Cà Foscari); Monica Plechero (Department of Economics, University Of Venice Cà Foscari); Francesco Rullani (Department of Management, University Of Venice Cà Foscari); Mario Volpe (Department of Economics, University Of Venice Cà Foscari) |
| Abstract: | The development of the technological space of a manufacturing region relates to its human capital. However, the dynamic relation between local firms’ workforce composition and their adoption of Industry 4.0 enabling technologies over time is still under investigated. The paper contributes to filling this gap analysing the relation over 10 years between technology adoption and the occupational choices of 1800 firms from one of the most industrialized regions of Italy: the Veneto Region. The results from descriptive as well as inferential analysis show that such relational dynamics are a multifaceted phenomenon, presenting a series of counterintuitive features. |
| Keywords: | Digital technologies, Industry 4.0; manufacturing region, workforce, SME |
| JEL: | R11 O33 E24 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ven:wpaper:2020:12&r=all |