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on Small Business Management |
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Issue of 2016‒10‒16
thirteen papers chosen by João Carlos Correia Leitão Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Severine Le Loarne (MTS - Management Technologique et Strategique - Grenoble École de Management (GEM)); Adnane Maalaoui (ESG Paris – School of Business) |
| Abstract: | Purpose: This paper focuses on how entrepreneurs anticipate and change their company's business process management after developing a radical innovation. The paper is based on a critical approach to business process modelling (BPM) that posits that—in spite of all the claims, guides, and tools that companies employ to help them modelise their processes—business processes are developed and improved (or at least changed) by individuals who negotiate, anticipate, and compromise to make these changes occur. Thus, BPM is more a matter of "bricolage" (Levi-Strauss) than an established and defined plan. Based on this position, our paper analyses how a business process model emerges in the early phases of a high tech new venture when the entrepreneur lacks a valid template to form a conceptual representation of the firm's business processes. Design/Methodology/Approach: We adopt a perspective based on the concept of bricolage. By analysing and comparing the discourse of 40 entrepreneurs—20 involved in an activity based on a radical innovation and 20 involved in an activity based on a more incremental concept—we are able to answer the two research questions. |
| Keywords: | Discourse Analysis,Bricolage,Strategy as Practice,Entrepreneurship,Business Process Modelling |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01107743&r=sbm |
| By: | Jing Xiao; Ron Boschma; Martin Andersson |
| Abstract: | There is increasing interest in the drivers of industrial diversification, and how these depend on economic and industry structures. This paper contributes to this line of inquiry by analyzing the role of relatedness in explaining variations in industry diversification, measured as the entry of new industry specializations, across 173 European regions during the period 2004-2012. There are significant differences across regions in Europe in terms of industrial diversification. Relatedness has a robust positive influence on the probability that new industry specialization develops in a region. A novel finding is that the influence of relatedness on the probability of new industrial specializations depends on innovation capacity. We find that relatedness is a more important driver of diversification in regions with a weaker innovation capacity. The effect of relatedness appears to decrease monotonically as the innovation capacity of a local economy increases. This is consistent with the argument that high innovation capacity allows an economy to ‘break from its past’ and to develop, for the economy, truly new industry specializations. We infer from this that innovation capacity is a critical factor for economic resilience. |
| Keywords: | industrial diversification, related diversification, evolutionary economic geography, unrelated diversification, European regions, resilience |
| JEL: | B52 L16 O14 O18 R11 |
| Date: | 2016–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:egu:wpaper:1627&r=sbm |
| By: | Omri imen (Laboratory of Economics and Applied Finance, IHEC, University of Carthage) |
| Abstract: | Certifications to management system standards (ISO 9000, ISO 9001, ISO 14001, etc.) are a widespread benchmark for thousands of organizations around the world. A number of studies have been carried out in order to analyze the impact of these certifications over companies’ performance. However, conclusions reached so far have been of a contradictory nature. The real benefits of these certifications continue to raise the debates and the different results show that the effect of certifications to management system standards on firms’ performance remains to be explored specially in terms of financial improvement. The purpose of this research is to investigate the association between certifications to management system standards and Tunisian companies’ financial performance covering the period 2010-2014. Such a study is likely to provide a useful insight to managers since the process of achieving and maintaining these certifications involves costs and time. The results find that there is no evidence that improvements in performance follow certifications and certified firms do not present higher performance than those that are not certified. |
| Keywords: | Financial Performance, Operating Performance, Certifications, ISO, Propensity Score Matching |
| JEL: | C19 G39 L25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iefpro:4206838&r=sbm |
| By: | Saul Estrin; Tomasz Mickiewicz; Ute Stephan |
| Abstract: | We advance research on human capital and entrepreneurial entry and posit that, in order to generate value, social entrepreneurship requires different configurations of human capital than commercial entrepreneurship. We develop a multilevel framework to analyse the commonalities and differences between social and commercial entrepreneurship, including the impact of general and specific human capital, of national context and its moderating effect on the human capital-entrepreneurship relationship. We find that specific entrepreneurial human capital is relatively more important in commercial entrepreneurship, and general human capital in social entrepreneurship, and that the effects of human capital depend on the rule of law. |
| Keywords: | human capital; education; commercial entrepreneurship; social entrepreneurship; institutions; rule of law; property rights; global entrepreneurship monitor; multi-level modelling |
| JEL: | L81 |
| Date: | 2016–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:67964&r=sbm |
| By: | Cumming, Douglas; Walz, Uwe; Werth, Jochen Christian |
| Abstract: | We investigate the career dynamics of high-tech entrepreneurs by analyzing the exit choice of entrepreneurs: to act as a business angel, to found another firm, or to become dependently employed. Our detailed data from CrunchBase indicate that founders are more likely to stick with entrepreneurship as a serial entrepreneur or as an angel investor in cases where the founder had prior experience either in founding other startups or working for a startup, or had a 'jack-of-all-trades' education. |
| Keywords: | venture governance,entrepreneurship,entrepreneurial spawning,angel finance,venture capital,exit |
| JEL: | G24 G34 L26 |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:safewp:122r&r=sbm |
| By: | Buzard, Kristy (Syracuse); Carlino, Gerald A. (Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia); Hunt, Robert M. (Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia); Carr, Jake (Ohio State University); Smith, Tony E. (University of Pennsylvania) |
| Abstract: | We employ a unique data set to examine the spatial clustering of private R&D labs. Instead of using fixed spatial boundaries, we develop a new procedure for identifying the location and size of specific R&D clusters. Thus, we are better able to identify the spatial locations of clusters at various scales, such as a half mile, 1 mile, 5 miles, and more. Assigning patents and citations to these clusters, we capture the geographic extent of knowledge spillovers within them. Our tests show that the localization of knowledge spillovers, as measured via patent citations, is strongest at small spatial scales and diminishes rapidly with distance. |
| Keywords: | spatial clustering; geographic concentration; R&D labs; localized knowledge spillovers; patent citations |
| JEL: | O31 R12 |
| Date: | 2016–10–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedpwp:16-25&r=sbm |
| By: | Adam Szeidl; Jing Cai |
| Abstract: | We organize regular business meetings for randomly selected managers of young Chinese firms to study the effect of business networks on firm performance. We randomize 2,800 managers into several groups that hold monthly meetings for one year, and a "no-meetings" control group. We find that: (1) The meetings increase firm revenue by 7.8 percentage points, and also significantly increase profit, a management score, employment, and the number of business partners; (2) These effects persist one year after the conclusion of the meetings; and (3) Firms randomized to have better peers exhibit higher growth. We exploit additional interventions to document concrete channels: (4) Peers share exogenous business-relevant information, particularly when they are not competitors, showing that the meetings facilitate learning; (5) Managers create more business partnerships in the regular than in other one-time meetings, showing that the meetings improve firm-to-firm matching. |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:feb:natura:00562&r=sbm |
| By: | Nicoletta Baskiewicz (Politechnika Częstochowska); Małgorzata Šęgowik-Małolepsza (Politechnika Częstochowska); Michał Dziadkiewicz (Politechnika Częstochowska); Aneta Pachura (Politechnika Częstochowska) |
| Abstract: | Network functioning covers all kinds of formal and informal relationships between individuals and organizations. Network structure allows enterprises to reach knowledge quickly, while saving time and money which becomes the determining factor in the changes made in enterprises. In order to define a network one can assume that it includes customers, competitors, suppliers, research organizations, schools, institutions, non - profit organizations that are linked one to another and create innovation. The nature of the network lies in the innovation process, which means creating new technical and organizational solutions as well as their transfer and application in the economy. This is possible thanks to the knowledge generated in the network, which is the result of a process of interaction and cooperation between the participants in the network. The objectives of this paper are to determine the following: what forms of cooperation are taken in business practice that entrepreneurs take together in the network and to what extent this network affects its participants. |
| Keywords: | network structures, factors stimulating innovative changes, innowative changes |
| JEL: | M21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:4106784&r=sbm |
| By: | Hulda Herjofsdottir Skogland (Evris Foundation) |
| Abstract: | The 2015 series of RIO Country Reports analyse and assess the policy and the national research and innovation system developments in relation to national policy priorities and the EU policy agenda with special focus on ERA and Innovation Union. The executive summaries of these reports put forward the main challenges of the research and innovation systems. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Iceland |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2016–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc101240&r=sbm |
| By: | Amaia Bernaras Iturrioz |
| Abstract: | The 2015 series of RIO Country Reports analyse and assess the policy and the national research and innovation system developments in relation to national policy priorities and the EU policy agenda with special focus on ERA and Innovation Union. The executive summaries of these reports put forward the main challenges of the research and innovation systems. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Mexico |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2016–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc102339&r=sbm |
| By: | Ludivine Adla (Centre de Recherche Magellan - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon); Virginie Gallego-Roquelaure (Centre de Recherche Magellan - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon); Ludivine Calamel (GEM - Grenoble Ecole de Management - Grenoble École de Management (GEM)) |
| Abstract: | La route est encore longue avant que la place de choix occupée par les ressources humaines au sein de l'innovation soit reconnue.Cet article vise à comprendre l'influence du dirigeant de PME sur les pratiques de GRH, levier d'innovation. Afin d'appréhender la relation entre le dirigeant et les pratiques de GRH favorisant l'innovation, la théorie des échelons supérieurs a été couplée aux conventions de GRH de Pichault et Nizet (2013), et une étude qualitative a été menée auprès de quatre PME françaises. Les résultats soulignent les caractéristiques du dirigeant influençant la GRH ainsi que ses spécificités au regard d'innovations. |
| Keywords: | Dirigeant, GRH, Innovation, PME |
| Date: | 2016–10–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:gemptp:halshs-01376879&r=sbm |
| By: | Benedetto Lepori (Center for Organizational Research, Universita della Svizzera Italiana); Ivan Ureta (Inno3, Scuola Universitaria Professionale della Svizzera Italiana); Siegfried Alberton (Inno3, Scuola Universitaria Professionale della Svizzera Italiana) |
| Abstract: | The 2015 series of RIO Country Reports analyse and assess the policy and the national research and innovation system developments in relation to national policy priorities and the EU policy agenda with special focus on ERA and Innovation Union. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, Innovation Union, Semester analysis, Switzerland |
| Date: | 2016–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc101238&r=sbm |
| By: | Yusuf ESMER (Sinop University Vocational School,); Faruk DAYI (Kastamonu University Tosya Vocational School) |
| Abstract: | In today’s business world, having just leadership qualities by business managers is not enough in order to maintain growth, development and sustainability of enterprises. In addition to this, business managers should be able to seek innovations, opportunities around them and take some risks. Managers with these qualities have both leadership and entrepreneurship characteristics. At this point, the concept of entrepreneurial leadership emerges. Entrepreneurial leadership can be defined as a leader, who is also have the skills of entrepreneurship. In other words, entrepreneurial leadership refers to the managers who can take risks, seize opportunities, pursue innovation and be innovative, producing, interchanging and strategic. In addition, entrepreneurial leadership is creating new products, new processes and expansion opportunities in existing businesses, working in social institutions and dealing with ignored social issues, participating in social and political movements, contributing to the change of current services and policies implemented by civil society organizations and governments. Entrepreneurial leaders know themselves and their environment very well and find new opportunities creating value for businesses, stakeholders and society. The main motivation of leaders is their desire to create social, environmental and economic opportunities. Today, the need for entrepreneurial leaders in businesses is increasing every passing day and the subject of entrepreneurial leadership should investigated by researchers. In this regard, in this study, the concepts of leadership and entrepreneurship are briefly defined in accordance with the earlier studies conducted in this field and the concept of entrepreneurial leadership, which has become increasingly important in the business world, is discussed and the characteristics and dimensions of entrepreneurial leadership and its importance for businesses is emphasized. |
| Keywords: | Leadership, Entrepreneurship, Administration, Entrepreneurial Leadership |
| JEL: | L26 L20 M10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:4106478&r=sbm |