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on Small Business Management |
| By: | Naciba Haned (ESDES - École de management de Lyon - Université Catholique de Lyon); Caroline Mothe (IREGE - Institut de Recherche en Gestion et en Economie - Université de Savoie); Nguyen-Thi Thuc Uyen (CEPS/INSTEAD - Centre d'Etudes de Populations, de Pauvreté et de Politiques Socio-Economiques / International Networks for Studies in Technology, Environment, Alternatives, Development - Centre d'Etudes de Populations, de Pauvreté et de Politiques Socio-Economiques / International Networks for Studies in Technology, Environment, Alternatives, Development) |
| Abstract: | Organizational innovation favors technological innovation, but does it also influence persistence in technological innovation? This article empirically investigates the pattern of technological innovation persistence and tests the potential impact of organizational innovation using firm-level data from three waves of French Community Innovation Surveys. The evidence indicates a positive effect of organizational innovation on persistence in technological innovation, according to various measures of organizational innovation. Moreover, this impact is more significant for complex innovators, i.e. those who innovate in both products and processes. The results highlight the complexity of managing organizational practices with regard to the technological innovation of firms. They also add to understanding of the drivers of innovation persistence through the focus on an often-forgotten dimension of innovation in a broader sense. |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01133555&r=sbm |
| By: | Paul Cunningham (MIOIR/PREST: University of Manchester (Manchester, United Kingdom)) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in the UK for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the UK research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, UK |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96565&r=sbm |
| By: | Christoph Grimpe (Copenhagen Business School (Denmark) Author-Workplace-Homepage http://www.cbs.dk/) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Denmark for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Danish research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Denmark |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96571&r=sbm |
| By: | Tom Martin (Tom Martin & Associates (Ireland) Author-Workplace-Homepage http://www.tma.ie/) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Ireland for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Irish research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Ireland |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96573&r=sbm |
| By: | Radu Gheorghiu (Institutul de Economie Mondiala (Romania)) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Romania for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Romanian research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Romania |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96475&r=sbm |
| By: | Tibor Dory (Szent Istvan University (Budapest, Hungary)) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Slovenia for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Slovenian research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Hungary |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96564&r=sbm |
| By: | Agne Paliokaite (Visionary Analytics UAB (Lithuania) Author-Workplace-Homepage http://www.visionary.lt/) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Lithuania for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Lithuanian research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Lithuania |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96488&r=sbm |
| By: | Valdis Avotinš (Ventspils University College (Latvia) Author-Workplace-Homepage http://venta.lv/); Liene Resele (Ventspils University College (Latvia) Author-Workplace-Homepage http://venta.lv/) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Latvia for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Latvian research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Latvia |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96489&r=sbm |
| By: | Ruuta Ruttas-Küttim (freelance consultant (Estonia)) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Estonia for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Estonian research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Estonia |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96487&r=sbm |
| By: | Vincent Duchêne (IDEA Consult (Belgium)) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Belgium for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Belgian research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Belgium |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96432&r=sbm |
| By: | Manuel Mira Godinho (Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (Portugal)); Vítor Corrodo Simões (Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores Investigação e Desenvolvimento (Portugal)) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Portugal for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Portuguese research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Portugal |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96476&r=sbm |
| By: | Matthijs Janssen (Dialogic (Utrecht, The Netherlands)); Pim den Hertog (Dialogic (Utrecht, The Netherlands)) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in The Netherlands for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Dutch research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Slovenia |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96296&r=sbm |
| By: | Boštjan Udovic (University of Ljubljana (Slovenia)); Maja Bucar (University of Ljubljana (Slovenia)) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Slovenia for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Slovenian research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Slovenia |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96370&r=sbm |
| By: | Veli-Pekka Saarnivaara (here put first and last name) (VPSolutio) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Finland for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Finnish research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Finland |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96563&r=sbm |
| By: | Martin Srholec (CERGE-EI, (Centre for Economic Research and Graduate Education - Economics Institute) (Prague, Czech Rep.)) |
| Abstract: | This analytical country report is the first of the series of annual RIO Country Reports. This Country Report builds on the series of ERAWATCH reports. The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in the Czech Republic for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Czech research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Czech Republic |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96345&r=sbm |
| By: | Laura Abramovsky (Institute for Fiscal Studies and Institute for Fiscal Studies) |
| Abstract: | This paper provides a novel portrait of firms engaging in the international use of inventors. I focus on drug discovery activity of pharmaceutical and biotechnological firms head-quartered in Europe, over the period 1996-2005. An important part of the most high-valued added R&D activities are conducted by inventors, who are engaged in the creation of new technologies. I use a novel and particularly rich dataset that provides a comparable picture across host locations and over time of research activity of EU firms. The main results are that firm-level heterogeneity is a key feature in the internationalisation of inventors and this is similar to patterns from data analysing good and service traders and MNEs. Furthermore, host country distance characteristics are associated with the number of inventors in a similar fashion to patterns found in gravity models explaining good and service trade. |
| Keywords: | International trade; multinational firms; inventors; R&D |
| JEL: | F14 F19 F23 O31 |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ifs:ifsewp:15/18&r=sbm |
| By: | Francesco Quatraro (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - CNRS - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis); Marco Vivarelli (Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Facoltà di Scienze bancarie, finanziarie e assicurative - Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Milano) |
| Abstract: | The aim of this paper is to provide an updated survey of the "state of the art" in entrepreneurial studies, with a particular focus on developing countries (DCs). In particular, the same concept of "entrepreneurship" will be critically discussed, then moving to the institutional, macroeconomic and microeconomic conditions affecting the entry of new firms and the post-entry performance of newborn firms. |
| Date: | 2014–11–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01071511&r=sbm |
| By: | Romaric Servajean-Hilst (CRG - Centre de recherche en gestion - Polytechnique - X - CNRS); Katia Picaud (Audencia Recherche - Audencia) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the mechanisms that trigger the absorption of external knowledge in an innovative French automotive firm. An ethnographic-inspired study conducted by an academic embedded within the Innovation Purchasing Department has enable us to present a rare and new function of Purchasing that plays an important role between potential new suppliers and Research and Development personnel. |
| Date: | 2014–04–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00983662&r=sbm |
| By: | Tomasz Brodzicki (University of Gdansk, Faculty of Economics; Institute for Development); Tomasz Jurkiewicz (University of Gdańsk, Faculty of Management, Department of Statistics); Stanislaw Uminski (Institute for Development; Faculty of Economics, University of Gdansk); Krystyna Gawlikowska-Hueckel (Institute for Development; Faculty of Economics, University of Gdansk) |
| Abstract: | Evidence from recent empirical micro-level surveys such as Bernard & Jensen (1995, 2001), Clerides et al. (1998) or Eaton et al. (2004) indicates large firm heterogeneity. Following a seminal contribution by Melitz (2003) theoretical models started to include firm heterogeneity by incorporating the actual distribution of productivity between firms. The models prove that only very productive firms are able to enter and remain on more demanding foreign markets. Export status is linked to productivity advantage. Apart from several studies the literature on the role of firm heterogeneity in Poland's trade is in its infancy. The goal of this article is to present the initial results of a large survey of Polish exporting and non-exporting firms aimed at filling this important gap. The survey included numerous questions in the area of firm competitiveness, innovation potential, export performance and strategies as well as barriers to exporting and policy expectations. The results of the survey have been supplemented with analysis of detailed financial data provided by InfoCredit allowing us to estimate numerous indices linked to economic and financial performance of enterprises including: capital and labour productivity, overall productivity measured by TFP and profitability. |
| Keywords: | exporters, non-exporters, Poland's trade, firms' survey |
| JEL: | F12 F14 C83 |
| Date: | 2015–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iro:wpaper:1505&r=sbm |
| By: | Petra Moser; Joerg Ohmstedt; Paul W. Rhode |
| Abstract: | Patents are the main source of data on innovation, but there are persistent concerns that patents may be a noisy and biased measure. An important challenge arises from unobservable variation in the size of the inventive step that is covered by a patent. The count of later patents that cite a patent as relevant prior art – so called forward citations – have become the standard measure to control for such variation. Citations may, however, also be a noisy and biased measure for the size of the inventive step. To address this issue, this paper examines field trial data for patented improvements in hybrid corn. Field trials report objective measures for improvements in hybrid corn, which we use to quantify the size of the inventive step. These data show a robust correlation between citations and improvements in yields, as the bottom line measure for improvements in hybrid corn. This correlation is robust to alternative measures for improvements in hybrid corn, and a broad range of other tests.We also investigate the process, by which patents generate citations. This analysis reveals that hybrids that serve as an input for genetically-related follow-on inventions are more likely to receive self-citations (by the same firm), which suggests that self-citations are a good predictor for follow-on invention. |
| JEL: | O3 O31 O34 Q16 Q55 |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:21443&r=sbm |
| By: | FaÏz Gallouj (Clersé - CLERSE - Centre lillois d'études et de recherches sociologiques et économiques - CNRS - Université Lille 1 - Sciences et technologies); Matthias Weber (AIT Austrian Institute of Technology - AIT Austrian Institute of Technology); Metka Stare (University of Ljubljana (SLOVENIA) - University of Ljubljana (SLOVENIA)); Luis Rubalcaba (University of Alcala - University of Alcala) |
| Abstract: | The paper presents a signalling exercise with a view to trace emerging dynamics in the development of the services economy in Europe. These dynamics have a direct influence and will trigger off service innovation. Firstly, the drivers of the service economy are presented, many of them fostering service innovation as a way to face new societal and business challenges. Secondly, emerging developments are discussed to identify the most promising service innovation dynamics. Finally, foresight scenarios demonstrate possible future trends of the new service economy. These scenarios are based on a methodology developed and applied in the context of an EC-funded project on Sectoral Innovation Systems. This exercise is performed for the overall set of services activities although a particular focus is given on activities such as knowledge intensive business services and distributive trade services. Results indicate that emerging developments are those related to the reconciliation between industrialisation and customisation associated with ICT, ageing population, sustainable development and service regression and extension dynamics. The cases of knowledge intensive services and distributive trades have shown how different drivers and emerging developments are interrelated and establish different scenarios for future development. |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01133897&r=sbm |
| By: | Mckenzie,David J. |
| Abstract: | Almost all firms in developing countries have fewer than 10 workers, with the modal firm consisting of just the owner. Are there potential high-growth entrepreneurs with the ability to grow their firms beyond this size? And, if so, can public policy help alleviate the constraints that prevent these entrepreneurs from doing so? A large-scale national business plan competition in Nigeria is used to help provide evidence on these two questions. The competition was launched with much fanfare, and attracted almost 24,000 entrants. Random assignment was used to select some of the winners from a pool of semi-finalists, with US$36 million in randomly allocated grant funding providing each winner with an average of almost US$50,000. Surveys tracking applicants over three years show that winning the business plan competition leads to greater firm entry, higher survival of existing businesses, higher profits and sales, and higher employment, including increases of over 20 percentage points in the likelihood of a firm having 10 or more workers. These effects appear to occur largely through the grants enabling firms to purchase more capital and hire more labor. |
| Keywords: | E-Business,Business Environment,Microfinance,Competitiveness and Competition Policy,Business in Development |
| Date: | 2015–08–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:7391&r=sbm |
| By: | Thomas Humblot (Larefi - Laboratoire d'analyse et de recherche en économie et finance internationales - Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux 4) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates Basel III potential effects on SME access to bank credit. In an innovative empirical framework, French small firms are studied using microdata over the 2008-2013 periods. We conclude that the new regulation will have an M-shaped impact. Eventually, Basel III eliminates low profitable exposures regardless of their regulatory charge alleviations, restricts risky positions despite of their profitability and digs SME funding gap. Only regulatory adjusted dominant risk/return profiles are funded. On average, no reduction in credit matu-rity nor in volume is observable. The overall effect ultimately depends on banks' initial position. |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-01096527&r=sbm |