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on Resource Economics |
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Issue of 2023‒04‒10
four papers chosen by |
| By: | Faten Saliba; Giorgio Maarraoui; Walid Marrouch; Ada Wossink |
| Abstract: | This paper uses life satisfaction data to help the design of climate mitigation policies in the United Kingdom. We assess the effects of the exposure to ambient pollutants on long-term life satisfaction and short-term mental health in the UK. We estimate augmented Cobb-Douglas utility functions using pooled and random effects ordinal logit models. Results show that increases in NO2, PM10 and PM2.5 significantly decrease the odds of longterm happiness and short-term mental health in the UK. The willingness to pay for clean air is also significant and increases with level of education. These measurements derived can be used as benchmarks for pollution abatement subsidies or pollution taxes and can help in projecting a more comprehensive assessment of costs and benefits. |
| Keywords: | Air Pollution; Happiness; Policy Valuation; Climate Change; Environmental Policies; Pollution Taxes; Pollution Abatement Subsidies; life satisfaction data; dataset description; air pollutant; pollutants' correlation; household data; ordinal Logit; Income; Europe; Global |
| Date: | 2023–02–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2023/035&r=res |
| By: | Provenzano, Sandro (London School of Economics); Roth, Sefi (London School of Economics); Sager, Lutz (London School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | Recent research suggests that short-term exposure to air pollution is associated with an elevated prevalence of respiratory infectious disease. We examine the relationship between the air quality index (AQI) and weekly cases of influenza-like illnesses (ILI) and COVID-19 in the United States. We address potential bias from omitted variables and measurement error with an instrumental variable approach using atmospheric temperature inversions. Unlike other recent studies, we find no relationship between air quality and either ILI or COVID-19 cases. |
| Keywords: | air pollution, respiratory disease, COVID-19 |
| JEL: | I18 Q51 Q53 |
| Date: | 2023–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp15947&r=res |
| By: | Angrist, Noam (University of Oxford); Winseck, Kevin (University of California at San Diego); Patrinos, Harry A. (World Bank); Graff Zivin, Joshua (University of California, San Diego) |
| Abstract: | Addressing climate change requires individual behavior change and voter support for pro-climate policies, yet surprisingly little is known about how to achieve these outcomes. In this paper, we estimate causal effects of additional education on pro-climate outcomes using new compulsory schooling law data across 16 European countries. We analyze effects on pro-climate beliefs, behaviors, policy preferences, and novel data on voting for green parties – a particularly consequential outcome to combat climate change. Results show a year of education increases pro-climate beliefs, behaviors, most policy preferences, and green voting, with voting gains equivalent to a substantial 35% increase. |
| Keywords: | human capital, education, climate change, compulsory schooling laws, voting |
| JEL: | D72 H41 I20 I28 P16 Q01 Q5 |
| Date: | 2023–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp15991&r=res |
| By: | Konstantin Sommer (University of Amsterdam); Henri L.F. de Groot (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam); Franc Klaassen (University of Amsterdam) |
| Abstract: | We study the effects of market integration on manufacturing emission intensities of CO2, SOx, and NOx. For this, we analyze the 2004 and 2007 EU enlargements in a sectoral panel with data on almost all EU member states from 1995 to 2015. We pay close attention to relevant channels of trade, regulation, and efficiency. Overall, the enlargements have resulted in a reduction of emission intensities in new member states: new regulations, which accession countries needed to adopt, have lowered pollution intensities strongly; induced improvements in productivity have further reduced them; and trade integration into the EU has had insignificant effects on emission intensities. We also do not find evidence of within-EU pollution haven effects and thus of leakage from old to new member states. For old members, trade integration, if anything, increased emission intensities, but productivity improvements have also contributed to cleaner manufacturing sectors here. |
| Keywords: | Market Integration, EU Enlargement, Carbon Leakage, Pollution Havens, Emission Intensity |
| JEL: | F15 F64 Q56 |
| Date: | 2022–06–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tin:wpaper:20220039&r=res |