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on Resource Economics |
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Issue of 2005‒07‒03
three papers chosen by |
| By: | De Montis, Andrea (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculteit der Economische Wetenschappen en Econometrie (Free University Amsterdam, Faculty of Economics Sciences, Business Administration and Economitrics); Deplano, Giancarlo; Nijkamp, Peter |
| Abstract: | Within the framework of the certification for the environmental management system (EMS) and its total quality (i.e. ISO 14001 and VISION 2000), methodologies and research focus on innovative models for sustainable and environmentally-sound tourism. The complexity of these concepts requires the assessment of analytical schemes able to tackle conflicting situations and the subjectivity of political decisions. Thus, this paper provides insights into decision-making for a hypothetical institutional body interested in developing an objective standardized procedure for evaluating the spatial dimension of sustainable tourist development. The methodology assessed belongs to the family of multicriteria tools and is developed by the integration of the Regime method (Hinloopen and Nijkamp, 1990) with the AHP method (Saaty, 1988). The high volatility of the results is studied by means of sensitivity analysis and this leads to further reflections on the requirements of an Internet-based evaluation and learning process, grounded in a remote access debate among the stakeholders. |
| Keywords: | Multicriteria analysis; Sustainable tourism; Environmental planning |
| Date: | 2004 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dgr:vuarem:2004-18&r=res |
| By: | Ian W.H. Parry; Hilary Sigman; Margaret Walls; Roberton C. Williams III |
| Abstract: | This paper reviews theoretical and empirical literature on the household distribution of the costs and benefits of pollution control policies, and ways of integrating distributional issues into environmental cost/benefit analysis. Most studies find that policy costs fall disproportionately on poorer groups, though this is less pronounced when lifetime income is used, and policies affect prices of inputs used pervasively across the economy. The policy instrument itself is also critical; freely allocated emission permits may hurt the poor the most, as they transfer income to shareholders via scarcity rents created by higher prices, while emissions taxes offer opportunities for progressive revenue recycling. And although low-income households appear to bear a disproportionate share of environmental risks, policies that reduce risks are not always progressive, for example, they may alter property values in ways that benefit the wealthy. The review concludes by noting a number of areas where future research is badly needed. |
| JEL: | Q52 H23 H22 |
| Date: | 2005–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:11438&r=res |
| By: | Hannes Egli (Institute of Economic Research (WIF), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH)); Thomas M. Steger (Institute of Economic Research (WIF), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH)) |
| Abstract: | We set up a simple dynamic macroeconomic model with (i) polluting consump- tion and a preference for a clean environment, (ii) increasing returns in abate- ment giving rise to an EKC and (iii) sustained growth resulting from a linear final-output technology. The model captures two sorts of market failures caused by external effects associated with consumption and environmental effort. This model is employed to investigate the determinants of the turning point and the (relative) effectiveness of different public policy measures aimed at a reduction of the environmental burden. Moreover, the model offers a potential explana- tion of an N-shaped pollution-income relation. Finally, it is shown that the model is compatible with most empirical regularities on economic growth and the environment. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Kuznets Curve, Pollution, Abatement, External Ef- fects, Economic Growth, Public Policy |
| JEL: | Q5 O4 |
| Date: | 2005–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eth:wpswif:04-33&r=res |