nep-reg New Economics Papers
on Regulation
Issue of 2017‒01‒22
thirteen papers chosen by
Natalia Fabra
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
  1. Geographic regulation of next generation broadband networks: A review of practical cases and recent literature By Balmera, Roberto E.; Ünverb, Mehmet Bilal
  2. Effects of OTT services on consumer's willingness to pay for optical fiber broadband connection in Thailand By Sudtasan, Tatcha; Mitomo, Hitoshi
  3. Speed isn't everything: a multi-criteria analysis of broadband access speeds in the UK By Stocker, Volker; Whalley, Jason
  4. Broadband Adoption: Translating the Digital Divide Literature into Effective Government Policies and Actions By Levin, Stanford L.; Schmidt, Stephen; Scott, Graham
  5. Willingness-to-Pay and Free-Riding in a National Energy Efficiency Retrofit Grant Scheme: A Revealed Preference Approach By Collins, Matthew; Curtis, John
  6. FTTH Unbundling: The Spanish Regulation in Retrospect By Frias, Zoraida; Pérez Martínez, Jorge
  7. Consequences of the Clean Water Act and the Demand for Water Quality By Joseph S. Shapiro; David A. Keiser
  8. Decentralization and confusion about the state of European telecoms: Perceptions versus reality in policy formation abroad By Rajabiun, Reza; Middleton, Catherine
  9. Sharing Economy and Regulation By Dittmann, Heidi; Kuchinke, Björn A.
  10. Does the number or the composition of players matter on the mobile broadband markets? – Lessons from a benchmarking study of the large-screen mobile broadband prices in the European Union By Papai, Zoltan; Nagy, Peter; Papp, Bertalan
  11. Paris after Trump: Carbon Tariffs Reloaded: Discussion By Sheldon, Ian
  12. The Incidence of Carbon Taxes in U.S. Manufacturing: Lessons from Energy Cost Pass-through By Sharat Ganapati; Joseph S. Shapiro; Reed Walker
  13. A Sustainable EU Regulatory Framework for Digital Services By de Streel, Alexandre; Larouche, Pierre
  1. By: Balmera, Roberto E.; Ünverb, Mehmet Bilal
    Abstract: Alternative telecommunications operators have continuously invested in their own infrastructure in recent years. After more than a decade since liberalization, competitive conditions have substantially changed, especially in urban areas. European regulatory authorities have acknowledged this development by starting regional deregulation. Additionally, different forms of cooperative investments in next generation broadband have appeared on the market. This article reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on geographic regulation as well as practical cases. Based on this review it is suggested that regulators consider geographically segmented access prices to set optimal incentives for the investment in next generation broadband infrastructure.
    Keywords: next generation access,co-investment,geographic regulation
    Date: 2016
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itse16:148656&r=reg
  2. By: Sudtasan, Tatcha; Mitomo, Hitoshi
    Abstract: Over-the-top (OTT) media and communications services are shifting internet consumption towards the increase of traffic over the internet. Since FTTH provides the highest capacity and speed of the broadband service, this paper attempts to examine the impact of OTT services to consumers to subscribe FTTH as an efficient off-load option from mobile broadband. Main research questions are whether and how OTT services affect and drive consumers to adopt optical fiber broadband. It uses fuzzy data to derive consumer's willingness to pay (WTP) for optical fiber broadband connection. The results of the study indicate that movie over internet service as an OTT service drives people to adopt and be willing to pay more for FTTH connection. The paper also discusses the policy implication on the promotion of optical fiber broadband adoption in Thailand.
    Keywords: Optical fiber,Willingness to pay,OTT services,Fuzzy data
    Date: 2016
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itse16:148709&r=reg
  3. By: Stocker, Volker; Whalley, Jason
    Abstract: In this paper, we demonstrate that there is more to consumer experience than just broadband access speed. We identify and describe a complex and dynamic set of interactions that occur between different factors that collectively determine consumer experience. We suggest that the relationship between broadband speed and consumer experience follows an inverted U-shape. Access speed is necessary to provide consumers with a good experience, but it is not sufficient. Based on our findings, a more nuanced understanding of the market for broadband Internet access products is outlined and a foundation for deriving valuable policy implications is developed. The results are of particular relevance for the ongoing universal service discussions in the UK and other countries.
    Keywords: Internet Access,Broadband,QoS,QoE,Consumer Experience,Ofcom
    Date: 2016
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itse16:148707&r=reg
  4. By: Levin, Stanford L.; Schmidt, Stephen; Scott, Graham
    Date: 2016
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itse16:148684&r=reg
  5. By: Collins, Matthew; Curtis, John
    Abstract: Understanding the drivers of energy efficient behaviour in the household can provide significant insights on how best to provide incentives for homes to engage in energy efficiency retrofits. This can have wide-reaching effects in reducing the demand for energy and in turn reducing carbon emissions. Many national grant aid schemes exist to support homes in engaging in retrofits, but these can also be availed of by free-riders, which are homes that would engage in a retrofit even in the absence of financial support. This paper explores retrofit choice, willingness-to-pay for retrofit works and free-riding in a grant aid scheme for residential energy efficiency retrofits. Household preferences are revealed through energy efficiency retrofits undertaken by Irish home owners, after having been presented with an array of retrofit measures and combinations thereof. We use a McFadden’s choice model to estimate willingness-to-pay for energy efficiency renovation works using revealed preference data (McFadden, 1984). The results of this analysis are then used to estimate the extent to which freeriding has occurred in the scheme to date. We find that less efficient and larger homes are willing to pay more for energy efficiency improvements, and find that households which had previously engaged in a retrofit via the grant scheme were willing to pay over twice as much as those retrofitting for the first time. Free-riding varies by retrofit measure, with solar collector retrofits possessing close to zero free-riders, while free-riders comprised over 33% of heating controls retrofits.
    Date: 2016–12
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:esr:wpaper:wp551&r=reg
  6. By: Frias, Zoraida; Pérez Martínez, Jorge
    Abstract: This paper explores the effects of Virtual Unbundled Local Access (VULA) –or its absence- on the deployment of Fibre-To-The-Home (FTTH) networks in Spain in a retrospective way. First, we assess the impact of former wholesale broadband markets' regulation on FTTH investment and on the market structure evolution. Further on, based on coverage data from 2013, we provide an assessment of how would have NGA coverage looked like if the recently approved regulation for FTTH unbundling would have come into force in 2013 instead. We conclude that if a VULA had been available earlier, the amount of households with no access to any NGA infrastructure would have been up to 50% higher than it actually is. In return, full NGA facility-based competition would have been reinforced.
    Keywords: FTTH,New Generation Access,local loop unbundling,VULA
    Date: 2016
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itse16:148669&r=reg
  7. By: Joseph S. Shapiro (Cowles Foundation, Yale University); David A. Keiser (Iowa State University & NBER)
    Abstract: Since the 1972 U.S. Clean Water Act, government and industry have invested over $1 trillion to abate water pollution, or $100 per person-year. Over half of U.S. stream and river miles, however, still violate pollution standards. We use the most comprehensive set of files ever compiled on water pollution and its determinants, including 50 million pollution readings from 170,000 monitoring sites, to study water pollution’s trends, causes, and welfare consequences. We have three main findings. First, water pollution concentrations have fallen substantially since 1972, though were declining at faster rates before then. Second, the Clean Water Act’s grants to municipal wastewater treatment plants caused some of these declines. Third, the grants’ estimated effects on housing values are generally smaller than the grants’ costs.
    Keywords: Clean Water Act, Pollution regulation, Water quality, Cost benefit analysis, Cost effectiveness analysis, Hedonic models, Fiscal federalism, Infrastructure
    JEL: H23 H54 H70 Q50 R31
    Date: 2017–01
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cwl:cwldpp:2070&r=reg
  8. By: Rajabiun, Reza; Middleton, Catherine
    Abstract: The implications of the experience in Europe with telecommunications policy design and broadband Internet development have become a contested area of policy debate, both in Europe and in other countries. This paper evaluates the manner in which the European experience has been characterized in telecommunications policy debates in Canada about wholesale Internet access regulations. Using broadband Internet speed measurements, we assess the empirical relevance of characterizations of Europe by private interest groups trying to shape public policy in Canada. The analysis highlights the importance of national telecom policies and operator strategies for explaining divergent paths of network development.
    Date: 2016
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itse16:148700&r=reg
  9. By: Dittmann, Heidi; Kuchinke, Björn A.
    Date: 2016
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itse16:148665&r=reg
  10. By: Papai, Zoltan; Nagy, Peter; Papp, Bertalan
    Abstract: Cross-country price comparison is a useful, but often deceptive exercise. The paper addresses the underlying methodological challenges, offering a practicable solution, which is both sound enough and meaningful for the comparison of prices on different markets. The simple and methodologically more sophisticated comparisons in turn give valuable insights into how the structural and also other factors associated with the price-differences between national markets.
    Date: 2016
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itse16:148698&r=reg
  11. By: Sheldon, Ian
    Keywords: Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade,
    Date: 2016–12
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats16:252439&r=reg
  12. By: Sharat Ganapati (Dept. of Economics, Yale University); Joseph S. Shapiro (Cowles Foundation, Yale University); Reed Walker (University of California, Berkeley, IZA, & NBER)
    Abstract: This paper estimates how increases in production costs due to energy inputs affect consumer versus producer surplus (i.e., incidence). In doing so, we develop a general methodology to measure the incidence of changes in input costs that can account for three first-order issues: factor substitution amongst inputs used for production, incomplete pass-through of input costs, and industry competitiveness. We apply this methodology to a set of U.S. manufacturing industries for which we observe plant-level output prices and input costs. We find that about 70 percent of energy price-driven changes in input costs are passed through to consumers. This implies that the share of welfare cost borne by consumers is 25-75 percent smaller (and the share borne by producers is correspondingly larger) than most existing work assumes.
    Keywords: Pass-through, incidence, energy prices, productivity, climate change
    JEL: H22 H23 Q40 Q54
    Date: 2017–01
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cwl:cwldpp:2038r&r=reg
  13. By: de Streel, Alexandre; Larouche, Pierre
    Date: 2016
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itse16:148714&r=reg
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