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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Fitch-Polse, Dillon T.; Mohiuddin, Hossain; Willett, Dan; Nelson, Trisalyn; Favetti, Matthew; Watkins, Kari |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of active transportation projects in increasing active transportation in California. It also serves to validate the current methods of the California Active Transportation Benefit-Cost Tool. Using count and infrastructure data from the cities of Santa Barbara and Santa Cruz, California, with updated models from the California Active Transportation Benefit-Cost Tool, the authors estimated project level changes in active transportation using two methods. The first method uses a direct demand modeled before and after bicycling and pedestrian volumes. The second method is an expected increase in bicycling and pedestrian volumes based on the project parameters and their effect sizes from the academic literature. Results show that, in general, both estimates are closely aligned. However, the results also indicate that for some projects, particularly those projects with greater change in walking and bicycling, the California Active Transportation Benefit-Cost Tool can diverge from the before-after estimate substantially at the project-level. Several suggestions for future research and improvements to the tool are made. View the NCST Project Webpage |
| Keywords: | Social and Behavioral Sciences, Active transportation, infrastructure evaluation, direct demand models, before and after, benefit-cost tool |
| Date: | 2025–05–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt6md6b2z4 |
| By: | Nikolaos Kalyviotis; Christopher D. F. Rogers; Geoffrey J. D. Hewings |
| Abstract: | Five life cycle assessment (LCA) methods to calculate a project s environmental value are described: (a) process-based, (b) hybrid, (c) pseudo, (d) simplified, and (e) parametric. This paper discusses in detail and compares the two methods with the least inherent uncertainty: process-based LCA (a bottom-up methodology involving mapping and characterising all processes associated with all life cycle phases of a project) and a hybrid LCA (the EXIOBASE analysis, which incorporates top-down economic input output analysis and is a wider sector-by-sector approach). The bottom-up nature of process-based LCA, which quantifies the environmental impacts for each process in all life cycle phases of a project, is particularly challenging when applied to the evaluation of infrastructure as a whole. Conversely, combining the environmental impact information provided in EXIOBASE tables with the corresponding input output tables allows decision makers to more straightforwardly choose to invest in infrastructure that supports positive environmental outcomes. Employing LCA and a bespoke model using Pearson s correlation coefficient to capture environmental interdependencies between the transport sector and the other four economic infrastructures showed the transport and energy sectors to be most closely linked. Both integrated planning and innovative technologies are needed to radically reduce adverse environmental impacts and enhance sustainability across transport, waste, water, and communication sectors. |
| Date: | 2025–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2504.20098 |
| By: | Anaïs Garin (IRG - Institut de Recherche en Gestion - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 - Université Gustave Eiffel); Mathias Béjean (IRG - Institut de Recherche en Gestion - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 - Université Gustave Eiffel); Yasmine Saleh (frogLab part of Capgemini Invent); Robert Picard (FSN - Filière Santé Numérique, Forum LLSA); Thomas Lihoreau (Université de Franche-Comté, UR LINC 481, Besançon F-25000, Inserm CIC 1431 - Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon - CHRU Besançon - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon - INSERM - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale - EFS BFC - Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] - UFC - Université de Franche-Comté - UBFC - Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE]) |
| Abstract: | Healthcare organizations face numerous clinical, technological, and regulatory challenges to meet the evolving needs of patients. These challenges make the management of innovation projects complex and difficult to grasp for one organisation alone, pushing them to adopt ecosystem strategies. To function, these innovation ecosystems require alignment efforts between heterogeneous actors. While the literature on actor alignment has developed in recent years at the intra-organizational level, little research addresses the concrete realization of this alignment at the inter-organizational level. In this article, we explore the development of such alignment within innovation ecosystems using maturity metrics, such as the Concept Maturity Levels. Our analysis of several use cases in healthcare innovation ecosystems in France reveals that actors use Concept Maturity Levels to map, order, and standardize their activities, skills, and resources, thus enabling their alignment. We contribute to the literature on maturity metrics by suggesting a more extensive and exploratory use of maturity metrics at the inter-organizational level, due to the number and heterogeneity of actors involved. We also contribute to the literature on ecosystems by suggesting concrete practices for aligning actors through the use of maturity metrics. Finally, we present the implications of these findings for the healthcare sector and various opportunities for future research. |
| Abstract: | Les organisations du secteur de la santé font face à de nombreux défis cliniques, technologiques et réglementaires pour répondre aux besoins évolutifs des patients. Ces défis rendent la gestion des projets d'innovation complexe et difficile à appréhender pour une organisation seule, les poussant à adopter des stratégies d'écosystèmes. Pour fonctionner, ces écosystèmes d'innovation requièrent des efforts d'alignement entre des acteurs hétérogènes. Alors que la littérature sur l'alignement des acteurs s'est développée ces dernières années à l'échelle intra-organisationnelle, peu de recherches abordent la réalisation concrète de cet alignement à l'échelle inter-organisationnelle. Dans cet article, nous explorons le développement d'un tel alignement au sein d'écosystèmes d'innovation grâce aux métriques de maturité, telles que les Concept Maturity Levels. Notre analyse de plusieurs cas d'usage dans des écosystèmes d'innovation en santé en France révèle que les acteurs utilisent les Concept Maturity Levels pour cartographier, ordonner et normer leurs activités, compétences et ressources, permettant ainsi à leur alignement. Nous contribuons à la littérature des métriques de maturité en suggérant un usage des métriques de maturité plus extensif et exploratoire à l'échelle inter-organisationnelle, dû au nombre et à l'hétérogénéité d'acteurs impliqués. Nous contribuons également à la littérature sur les écosystèmes en suggérant des pratiques concrètes d'alignement des acteurs par l'usage de métriques de maturité. Enfin, nous présentons l'implication de ces résultats pour le secteur de la santé et les opportunités de recherches futures. |
| Keywords: | innovation ecosystem, alignment, maturity, medical technologies, écosystème d'innovation, alignement, maturité, technologies médicales |
| Date: | 2024–12–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05014162 |
| By: | Shuhei Nishitateno (Kwansei Gakuin University and RIETI); Yasuyuki Todo (Waseda University and RIETI) |
| Abstract: | China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has led to a global proliferation of large-scale infrastructure projects. From the perspective of Western nations, the impacts of BRI infrastructure investments on economic, political, and security interests pose significant concerns. This paper examines the effects of the BRI on Japanese overseas infrastructure projects and diplomatic relations between Japan and BRI countries. Using a staggered difference-in-differences research design with a panel dataset covering 138 low- and middle-income countries from 2001 to 2020, we find that the BRI crowded out Japanese infrastructure projects and reduced political leaders’ visits from BRI countries to Japan. These effects are particularly pronounced for nations in the East Asia and the Pacific and South Asia regions, where the Japan–China competition for infrastructure investments is most intense. Furthermore, we identify the expansion of Chinese overseas infrastructure projects, particularly aid-based rather than debt-financed projects, as a key mechanism driving these effects. |
| Keywords: | Belt and Road Initiative, Overseas infrastructure investments, Diplomatic relations, China, Japan |
| JEL: | F21 P00 |
| Date: | 2025–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wap:wpaper:2506 |
| By: | Chusseau Elsa (CREAD EA 3875 - Centre de Recherche sur l'Education, les apprentissages et la didactique - UBO - Université de Brest - UR2 - Université de Rennes 2 - IBSHS - Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société - UBO - Université de Brest); Crosse Maëlle (MICA - Médiation, Information, Communication, Art - UBM - Université Bordeaux Montaigne); Clavel Anna (IFÉ - Institut français de l'Education - ENS de Lyon - École normale supérieure de Lyon - Université de Lyon); Guichon Valerie (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] - Université Savoie Mont Blanc); Hoarau Celine (UM - Le Mans Université); Lidolf Sylvie (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) - Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar); Stratulat Melania (UR2 - Université de Rennes 2); Benech Pierre (IFÉ - Institut français de l'Education - ENS de Lyon - École normale supérieure de Lyon - Université de Lyon) |
| Abstract: | The proposed workshop has arisen from the sharing of feedback by practitioners from five higher education establishments. The aim of these exchanges was to lead a collective reflection, based on a link between research and practice, on the support for change, as part of the management of structuring educational transformation projects. One of the conclusions was that, in order to move from individual initiatives to sustainable transformation, these projects should lead to the development of ‘educational ecosystems'. However, this intention seems to be relatively absent from institutionnal strategies and those of university pedagogical departments. The aim of the workshop is therefore to contribute to the development of these ecosystems by encouraging participants to reflect on their own positions, based on the principles of an enabling organization (Véro & Zimmermann, 2018) and Engeström's third-generation theory of historical-cultural activity (1987). Using a participative and immersive approach, the workshop is built around a case study that examines real-life work situations in a pedagogical transformation project, and around a roleplaying game. |
| Abstract: | L'atelier proposé est né d'un partage de retours d'expérience réalisé par des praticiens de cinq établissements d'enseignement supérieur. Ces échanges avaient pour but de mener une réflexion collective, en appui sur une articulation de la recherche et des pratiques, autour de l'accompagnement du changement, dans le cadre de la conduite de projets structurants de transformations pédagogiques. Il en est ressorti notamment que pour passer d'initiatives individuelles à une transformation durable, ces projets devraient conduire au développement « d'écosystèmes pédagogiques ». Pour autant, cette intention semble relativement absente des stratégies d'établissements et de celles des services universitaires de pédagogie. Ainsi, l'atelier vise à contribuer au développement de ces écosystèmes en suscitant chez les participants, une réflexivité sur leur posture, en appui sur les principes d'une organisation capacitante (Véro & Zimmermann, 2018) et sur la théorie de l'activité historico-culturelle de troisième génération d'Engeström (1987). Inscrit dans une approche participative et immersive, l'atelier est construit autour d'une étude de cas qui interroge des situations de travail réelles dans un projet de transformation pédagogique et autour d'un jeu de rôle. |
| Keywords: | activity system, ecosystem, pedagogical transformation, Enabling organization, collaboration, Organisation capacitante, système d'activité, écosystème, transformation pédagogique |
| Date: | 2025–04–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05035092 |
| By: | Juergen Bitzer (University of Oldenburg, Department of Economics); Bernhard C. Dannemann (University of Oldenburg, Department of Economics); Erkan Goeren (University of Oldenburg, Department of Economics) |
| Keywords: | Geo-Referenced Aid Projects, Geo-Referenced Conflicts, Africa, Sub-Annual Analysis, Grid-Cell Analysis, GIS Data, ACLED, World Bank |
| Date: | 2025–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:old:dpaper:452 |
| By: | J. Vernon Henderson; Francisco Libano-Monteiro; Martina Manara; Guy Michaels; Tanner Regan |
| Abstract: | Urban planning has shaped cities for millennia, demarcating property rights and mitigating coordination failures, but its rigidities often conflict with market-driven development, which reflects preferences. Although planning is widespread in high-income countries, rapidly growing cities in the developing world are characterized by urban informality. Despite its importance, urban planning lacks an economic framework to evaluate planners' choices. This paper offers a starting framework and applies it to a flagship project in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, which partitioned greenfield land on the urban fringe into more than 36, 000 formal plots that people purchased and built homes on. To study this project, we assemble a novel dataset using administrative records, satellite imagery, and primary surveys. We develop and estimate a dynamic model in which planning design constrains the decisions of households of varying incomes to sort into formal areas. This model complements our reduced-form analysis, which uses within-neighborhood variation and spatial RD to study planning choices' effects. We find that the project secured property rights and access, raised land values relative to unplanned areas, and attracted highly educated owners. Within project areas, access to main paved roads, gridded layouts, and natural amenities are valued; plot development and public service provision have been slow; and the price elasticity of bare land with respect to plot size is -0.5. Counterfactual analysis using the model shows that while land value maximization involves the provision of larger plots, welfare maximization entails the provision of smaller plots to serve more lower-income people. |
| Keywords: | urban planning, economic development, Africa. |
| JEL: | R58 R31 O18 R14 O21 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_11860 |