|
on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Granata, Julia; Posadas, Josefina |
| Abstract: | The coexistence of several definitions of green jobs and measurement instruments gives room for mismatches between those concepts and their application to research questions. This paper first presents an organizing framework for the existing definitions, measurement instruments, and policy frameworks. It then delves into discussing two appropriate approaches for identifying green occupations to guide skills development policy: the task-content and the skills approaches. In the process, it introduces a novel methodology with a dictionary of green terms for identifying green tasks and occupations. This methodology, utilizing text analysis, demonstrates superior performance compared to the well-known O*NET Green Economic Project classification, particularly for developing countries. Lastly, the paper applies this methodology to Indonesia, a middle-income country, and utilizes various data sources to showcase the utility of the dictionary and text analysis exercise. |
| Date: | 2024–04–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:10753 |
| By: | Oussama El Khalil Houssaini; Nicolas Jullien (IMT Atlantique - LUSSI - Département Logique des Usages, Sciences sociales et Sciences de l'Information - IMT Atlantique - IMT Atlantique - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], MARSOUIN - Môle Armoricain de Recherche sur la SOciété de l'information et des usages d'INternet - UR - Université de Rennes - UBS - Université de Bretagne Sud - ENSAI - Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] - UBO - Université de Brest - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - UR2 - Université de Rennes 2 - UBL - Université Bretagne Loire - IMT Atlantique - IMT Atlantique - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], LEGO - Laboratoire d'Economie et de Gestion de l'Ouest - UBS - Université de Bretagne Sud - UBO - Université de Brest - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - IBSHS - Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société - UBO - Université de Brest - UBL - Université Bretagne Loire - IMT Atlantique - IMT Atlantique - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]); Thierry Sauvage |
| Abstract: | The Purchasing function has evolved into a vital strategic role, influencing supplier selection and the development of new products (NPD). This article examines the impact of Purchasing function characteristics on the performance of new product development projects. Statistical analyses are based on a sample of 135 companies located in the Brittany and Pays de la Loire regions. The study's results highlight the recommended skills for buyers involved in NPD projects. It also identified and characterized the essential roles of buyers at each stage of the NPD process. These insights provide a solid framework for professionals, enabling better integration of the Purchasing function into the NPD processes. |
| Abstract: | La fonction achats a évolué en une fonction stratégique vitale, influençant la sélection des fournisseurs et le développement de nouveaux produits (DNP). Cet article étudie l'impact des caractéristiques de la fonction achats sur la performance des projets de développement de nouveaux produits. Les analyses statistiques s'appuient sur un échantillon de 135 entreprises situées dans les régions de Bretagne et des Pays de la Loire. Les résultats de l'étude mettent en évidence les compétences recommandées aux acheteurs impliqués dans les projets de DNP. Elle a également permis d'identifier et de caractériser les différents rôles essentiels des acheteurs à chacune des étapes du processus de DNP. Ainsi, ces éclairages offrent un cadre solide pour les professionnels, permettant une meilleure intégration de la fonction achats dans les processus de DNP. |
| Keywords: | Purchasing function, Supplier collaboration, NPD, Buyer-Supplier relationship, Purchasing function Supplier collaboration NPD Buyer-Supplier relationship Fonction Achats Collaboration avec les fournisseurs DNP Relation acheteur-fournisseur, Buyer-Supplier relationship Fonction Achats, Collaboration avec les fournisseurs, DNP, Relation acheteur-fournisseur, Fonction Achats |
| Date: | 2024–12–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04887578 |
| By: | Wittmann, Florian; Schnabl, Esther; Zenker, Andrea |
| Abstract: | Policies aimed at supporting economically lagging regions have changed considerably in the past decades. This includes an increased link between innovation and regional policy, as well as more recently transformative policy. The WIR! Programme, funded by the Ministry of Research and Education in Germany, introduces several policy innovations in this regard, such as an explicit link between innovation and structural change, the emphasis on involving new (societal) actors, and a broad understanding of innovation. Although such innovations have the potential to provide a fresh start for policy-making, it remains an open question how applicants and programme administrations cope with a changing funding environment. This paper investigates - by examining applicant structure, project outlines, and funding decisions - how these new requirements are taken into account. While evidence in favour of a partial reorientation is found, the analysis reveals a strong continuity of established patterns and priorities, with many project outlines focusing mostly on technological innovation and relatively narrow stakeholder involvement. These findings suggest that while initiatives like WIR! may provide new impulses, it may take longer for applicants and programme management to adjust to changing policy paradigms. |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:fisifr:312396 |
| By: | Chase, Sarah K.; Sachdeva, Sonya; Wood, Spencer A (University of Washington); Lawler, Joshua J |
| Abstract: | 1. Addressing social and ecological values is a central aim of democratic environmental management and policymaking, especially during deliberative and participatory processes. Agencies responsible for managing public lands would benefit from a deepened understanding of how various publics’ value those lands. 2. Federal land management agencies receive millions of written comments from the public on proposed management actions annually, providing a unique source of insights into how the public assigns value to public lands. To date, little attention has been directed towards methods for analyzing the public’s comments to understand their expressed values, in part because the volume of comments often makes manual analysis unworkable. 3. This study introduces and applies a novel computational approach to inferring values in written text by using natural language processing and a method that combines a lexicon with semantic embedding models. We developed embedding models for four types of values that are expressed in public comments. We then fit models to 409, 241 public comments on actions proposed by the United States Forest Service from 2011 to 2020 and regulated by the Natural Environmental Policy Act. 4. The embedding model generally outperformed the lexicon word-count, particularly for value types with shorter lexicons, and, like human evaluators, the embedding models performed better for more evident values and were less reliable for more abstract or latent values. 5. By applying the resulting model, we furthered our understanding of how the public values National Forest lands in the United States. We observed that aesthetic and moral values were expressed more often in comments for projects that received more public interest, as gauged by the number of comments a project received and in comments for projects addressing recreational management. |
| Date: | 2025–02–21 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:f4pgy_v1 |
| By: | Lanka, Academy of Sciences of Sri |
| Abstract: | The provision of appropriate science advice to governments is of national, regional, and global importance. However, many countries, especially in the developing world, lack effective framework to provide science advice to governments, which was laid bare during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, there is an urgent need to describe and analyse the structures and processes providing science advice to governments with a view to strengthening science advice. Science advice requires synthesizing and brokering valid, relevant, and reliable scientific evidence in respect of different policies. The National Academy of Sciences of Sri Lanka conducted a study on the status and processes of institutionalizing Science Advice to Governments in the Australasian region. The aims of the study were to a) propose and facilitate the development and strengthening of systematic science advice in member countries and its institutionalization b) Improve awareness among partners on a range of laws and regulations that exist legitimizing institutions and the processes used for government science advice c) develop capacities of participating academies in providing science advice d) enable academies to play a role and be part of the science advice process The methodology included administration of a structured questionnaire to gather data for the Situation Analysis with respect to science advice in partner countries. The questionnaire responses were categorized under several headings identified as the ‘Colombo Framework’: Selection of advisors, organizational structures to provide advice, the process followed to collate and synthesize advice, the process of communication, and evaluation of the process and impact of advice. The results showed a diversity of responses indicating a range of structures and processes: • The structures and types of advisors included, chief science advisor or advisors, a science advisory office or agency, science advisory boards, science advisory councils and ad-hoc arrangements during emergencies or crises, such as task forces. • Selection of advisors varied from appointments by an executive authority to nominations by science organizations or selection processes based on academic credentials. • The initial framing of questions requiring science advice were by policymakers, parliament committee or the President and advisory council. • Collation and synthesizing evidence: The methods used included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, through surveys, consultative meetings, expert opinion, foresight tools and workshops and/meetings of the experts where the evidence was reviewed. • The process of communicating science advice included reports issued by the science advisors, or advice directed to the Presidential Office, to Cabinet office, or submitted through Secretary of the Ministry of Science and Technology to the Head of State, or reports to the relevant minister and presidential secretariat. • The impact of science advice on policy was rarely evaluated. • Case Studies for individual countries supplemented the situation analysis for that country. • A SWOT analyses was compiled based on each country responses to reflect the totality of responses and for guidance in drafting a framework for Roadmaps for each country. As part of the project a three-day workshop was held in Colombo, Sri Lanka on 'Institutionalizing Science Advice to Governments' 6-8 July 2023. A descriptive ‘Colombo Declaration’ was released calling on governments to partner with scientists and demonstrate stronger commitment in strengthening action to institutionalize science advice to governments. The concluding session described future actions of developing Roadmaps and Case Studies by each partner country. The contextualized roadmaps will be developed through an iterative process and ‘work in progress’ submitted by most partner agencies were included in the report. The key outcomes of the Project were the following: 1. Documentation of Science Advice Systems in countries with situation analysis, reinforced with case studies and SWOT analyses and a framework for contextualized roadmaps that could form the foundation for further activities with support from the IAP and AASSA. 2. Developed and disseminated the ‘Colombo Declaration’ calling on governments to institutionalize science advice 3. Availability of validated questionnaire and framework (‘Colombo framework’) to replicate similar studies elsewhere. 4. Development of a process for promotion of institutionalization of science advice to governments that could be replicated in other countries or regions. 5. Promoted awareness among public, public administrators and policymakers and younger generation of scientists to be part of this transformative process, particularly to ensure continuity of efforts. 6. Contextualized Roadmaps design process has been initiated that is meant to trigger further discussions. |
| Date: | 2023–11–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:ygp84_v1 |
| By: | Helene Donnat; Luz Yadira Gomez-Hernandez; Nicolas Gonzalez-Pampillon; Gonzalo Nunez-Chaim; Henry G. Overman |
| Abstract: | We consider how existing distance-based and accessibility-based evaluation methodologies can be adapted to measure the local economic impact of small additions to the transport network. We use these methodologies to evaluate the impact of 94 UK Local Major schemes (partly) funded by the Department for Transport (DfT) between 2007 and 2018. For public transport schemes, the results suggest some impacts on local economic activity, with a 1.6% increase in the number of businesses. The effects are localised, concentrated in areas within 1 km of schemes. For road schemes, we do not find a measurable, statistically significant impact. We discuss the limitations of these methods and issues arising in their application and provide recommendations for future evaluations. |
| Keywords: | accessibility, transport, employment |
| Date: | 2025–02–27 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cep:cepdps:dp2081 |
| By: | Achillini, Harry (UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office); Burge, Richard |
| Abstract: | Background: Various parts of the public sector in the UK and elsewhere benefit from access to demand-responsive research services designed to aid decision-making. Before and during the Nigerian elections in 2023, staff at the UK’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) received such support. This was designed to help staff navigate a wide range of fast-moving issues and unprecedent events surrounding the election, such as disruption of traditional election dynamics. Objectives: This evaluation aims to identify the outcomes of demand-responsive research support prior to and during the 2023 elections. It explores the sustainability of identified outcomes as well as the factors that enabled or constrained effectiveness. Methods: This evaluation uses an adapted outcome harvesting approach. Key project documents are reviewed, and semi-structured interviews are conducted with nine project stakeholders. Interviewed stakeholders include both users of the research and stakeholders who contributed to the design or delivery of the intervention. An analytical framework grounded in behavioural science is used to organise findings. Results: The study identifies several instances in which the research informed FCDO thinking and decision-making around the elections, including in areas such as communications and security planning. The research team’s responsiveness, their expertise and perceived independence enabled positive outcomes. Regular engagement between research producers and research users was another important enabler. Outcomes were largely short-term, however, and effects may have been greater had support been provided earlier in FCDO’s planning processes. Conclusions: The evaluation suggests that demand-responsive research can inform public sector decision-making even in fast-moving contexts. Sustained changes in research use are only likely to occur when explicitly targeted by the intervention. The depth and diversity of research teams’ expertise, their willingness to engage in genuine co-design and discussion with research users and the timeliness of outputs are important moderators of effectiveness. |
| Date: | 2024–07–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:8wze7_v1 |
| By: | Richard Arhinful (Cyprus International University, North Cyprus); David Shobowale (Cambridge Resource International Inc.); Mikhail Miklyaev (Department of Economics Queen’s University, Canada, and Cambridge Resource International Inc.) |
| Abstract: | This manual provides a structured framework for appraising investment projects in Mozambique’s agricultural sector. The manual covers key stages of project appraisal, including Project Profile, Prefeasibility Study, and Feasibility Study, incorporating tools such as Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA), Stakeholder Analysis, Risk Assessment, and Climate Change Screening to enhance decision-making and optimize resource allocation. A key illustrative example in this manual focuses on a cashew nut and pineapple intercropping project in the Mabote District, which aims to transition 200 subsistence farmers into commercial agriculture. The project, supported by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, seeks to enhance farmer incomes, improve access to financial and market resources, and contribute to Mozambique’s agricultural exports. By providing farmers with the necessary inputs, training, and infrastructure, the initiative promotes sustainable agricultural practices while addressing issues such as rural poverty, food security, and rural-urban migration. Through a structured Integrated Investment Appraisal (IIA) approach, the project ensures net positive benefits, improves livelihoods, and contributes to national development goals. Incorporating illustrative examples and case studies facilitates practical application, enabling policymakers to make informed investment decisions that promote long-term agricultural sustainability and economic growth. Additionally, the manual highlights climate resilience strategies to mitigate risks posed by droughts, floods, and other extreme weather events. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Sector, Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA), Climate Change Screening, Mozambique, Sustainable Agriculture |
| JEL: | O1 O22 Q1 Q15 Q18 Q56 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qed:dpaper:4632 |
| By: | Veronica G. Maigida (Cambridge Resource International Inc.); Mikhail Miklyaev (Department of Economics Queen’s University, Canada, and Cambridge Resource International Inc.) |
| Abstract: | The Water Sector Investment Appraisal Manual provides a comprehensive framework for the planning, appraisal, and development of water sector projects in Mozambique. It emphasizes the efficient utilization of limited public resources by ensuring that projects demonstrate economic viability, cost-effectiveness, and alignment with national development goals. The manual also provides tools for conducting cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA), ensuring that projects deliver maximum social and economic benefits. The manual provides robust methodologies for Financial and Economic Analysis. These analyses ensure that projects are not only financially sustainable but also contribute to the overall welfare of the population. The manual also highlights the importance of Stakeholder and Distributional Analysis, ensuring that the impacts of projects on various stakeholder groups are identified and quantified and that benefits are equitably distributed while adverse effects are mitigated. The manual includes illustrative case studies, such as the Maputo Water Rehabilitation and Expansion Project, to demonstrate the application of its methodologies. This project serves as a practical example of how to address challenges like aging infrastructure, water losses, and inadequate service coverage, while aligning with national development strategies and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Given Mozambique's vulnerability to climate-related events, the manual places significant emphasis on Climate Change Risk Screening. Projects are categorized into adaptation, resilience, and mitigation, with tools provided for climate-proofing infrastructure to ensure long-term sustainability. The Water Sector Investment Appraisal Manual is an essential resource for ensuring that water sector investments in Mozambique are economically viable, socially beneficial, and environmentally sustainable. By providing clear guidelines and practical tools, the manual aims to enhance the quality of project development, improve transparency, and contribute to the country's sustainable management of water resources. |
| Keywords: | Cost-benefit analysis (CBA), Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA), Climate change risk screening, Climate-proofing, Infrastructure sustainability, Mozambique, Water resource management, Water sector |
| JEL: | D61 Q25 Q56 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qed:dpaper:4633 |
| By: | Aidah Nanyonjo (Cambridge Resource International Inc.); Mikhail Miklyaev (Department of Economics Queen’s University, Canada, and Cambridge Resource International Inc.) |
| Abstract: | The Electricity Sector Investment Appraisal Manual provides a comprehensive framework for the planning, appraisal, and development of electricity sector projects in Mozambique. It emphasizes the efficient allocation of public resources by ensuring that projects demonstrate economic viability, cost-effectiveness, and alignment with national energy and development goals. The manual provides robust methodologies for conducting Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA), ensuring that electricity projects deliver maximum social and economic benefits. Illustrative case studies, such as the Manica Mini Hydropower Project (MHPP), demonstrate the application of the manual’s methodologies. This project serves as a practical example of addressing rural electrification challenges through renewable energy while aligning with national development strategies and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Given Mozambique’s vulnerability to climate-related risks, the manual places significant emphasis on Climate Change Risk Screening. Projects are categorized into adaptation, resilience, and mitigation initiatives, with tools provided to integrate climate-proofing measures that ensure long-term sustainability. The Electricity Sector Investment Appraisal Manual is an essential resource for ensuring that electricity sector investments in Mozambique are economically viable, socially beneficial, and environmentally sustainable. By providing clear guidelines and practical tools, the manual enhances the quality of project development, improves transparency, and contributes to the country’s sustainable energy development. |
| Keywords: | Cost-benefit analysis (CBA), Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA), Climate change risk screening, Climate-proofing, Infrastructure sustainability, Mozambique, Sustainable Energy, Electricity sector |
| JEL: | D61 L91 R42 Q48 Q54 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qed:dpaper:4635 |
| By: | Foroogh Nazari Chamaki (Department of Economics Queen’s University, Canada, and Cambridge Resource International Inc.); Mikhail Miklyaev (Department of Economics Queen’s University, Canada, and Cambridge Resource International Inc.) |
| Abstract: | The Electricity Sector Investment Appraisal Manual provides a comprehensive framework for the planning, appraisal, and development of electricity sector projects in Mozambique. It emphasizes the efficient allocation of public resources by ensuring that projects demonstrate economic viability, cost-effectiveness, and alignment with national energy and development goals. The manual provides robust methodologies for conducting Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA), ensuring that electricity projects deliver maximum social and economic benefits. Illustrative case studies, such as the Manica Mini Hydropower Project (MHPP), demonstrate the application of the manual’s methodologies. This project serves as a practical example of addressing rural electrification challenges through renewable energy while aligning with national development strategies and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Given Mozambique’s vulnerability to climate-related risks, the manual places significant emphasis on Climate Change Risk Screening. Projects are categorized into adaptation, resilience, and mitigation initiatives, with tools provided to integrate climate-proofing measures that ensure long-term sustainability. The Electricity Sector Investment Appraisal Manual is an essential resource for ensuring that electricity sector investments in Mozambique are economically viable, socially beneficial, and environmentally sustainable. By providing clear guidelines and practical tools, the manual enhances the quality of project development, improves transparency, and contributes to the country’s sustainable energy development. |
| Keywords: | Cost-benefit analysis (CBA), Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA), Climate change risk screening, Climate-proofing, Infrastructure sustainability, Mozambique, Sustainable Energy, Electricity sector |
| JEL: | D61 Q42 Q48 Q54 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qed:dpaper:4634 |