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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | David P. Glancy; Robert J. Kurtzman; Lara Loewenstein |
| Abstract: | We use microdata on the phases of commercial construction projects to document three facts regarding time-to-plan lags: (1) plan times are long--about 1.5 years on average--and highly variable, (2) roughly one-third of projects are abandoned in planning, (3) property price appreciation reduces the likelihood of abandonment. We construct a model with endogenous planning starts and abandonment that matches these facts. Endogenous abandonment makes short-term building supply more elastic, as price shocks immediately affect the exercise of construction options rather than just planning starts. The model has the testable implicationthat supply is more elastic when there are more “shovel ready†projects available to advance to construction. We use local projections to validate that this prediction holds in the cross-section for U.S. cities. |
| Keywords: | Commercial real estate; Construction; Time to plan |
| JEL: | R33 E22 E32 L74 |
| Date: | 2024–04–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedgfe:2024-16&r=ppm |
| By: | James Jolliffe; Kamila Aben Athar |
| Abstract: | Large volumes of marine data – much of it collected through observing systems and research projects and made publicly available for reuse by anybody through specialised repositories – are required for science, ocean economic activity and effective management of marine space. This report summarises the results of an OECD survey of the users of Flanders-based public marine data repositories and details how societal value is generated through their data reuses. Responses to the OECD survey reveal how Flanders’ repositories enable the reuse of marine data across a range of sectors, contribute to improved decision making, and generate benefits for wider society. Stylised value chains of public marine data are constructed and visualised from the responses, revealing information that is otherwise not collected by repositories so that they can keep access to the data as open as possible. This work is part of the OECD Value Chains of Public Marine Data project and relates to broader efforts to improve understanding of the economics of open data. |
| Keywords: | measurement, ocean economy, policymaking, statistics |
| JEL: | O44 O1 |
| Date: | 2024–05–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:stiaaa:2024/04-en&r=ppm |
| By: | Rudel, Steffi; Kolb, Lisa |
| Abstract: | Im Forschungsprojekt FLEIS (Federated Learning Enhancing IT-Security) wurde von 2021 bis 2024 zusammen mit zwei Projektpartnern und vom Freistaat Bayern gefördert zur IT-Sicherheit in Personalabteilungen (Human Resource Management, HRM) geforscht. Neben der technischen FL-Lösung, die von den Projektpartnern entwickelt wurde, erforschte das Team der Universität der Bundeswehr München (UniBw M) die Geschäftsprozesse im Recruiting, den Stand der IT-Sicherheit im HRM sowie die Anforderungen der Anwender an ein technisches FL-System zur Steigerung der IT-Sicherheit im HRM. Aufbauend darauf wurden Geschäftsmodelle für ein FL-System sowie ein Training zur Erhöhung von IT-Sicherheit im HRM entwickelt. |
| Abstract: | In the project FLEIS (Federated Learning Enhancing IT Security), research on IT security in human resource management (HRM) departments was conducted from 2021 to 2024 together with two project partners and funded by the Free State of Bavaria. In addition to the technical FL solution developed by the project partners, the team from the University of the Bundeswehr Munich (UniBw M) researched the business processes in recruiting, the status of IT security in HRM and the user requirements for a technical FL system to increase IT security in HRM. Building on this, business models for an FL system and a training programme to increase IT security in HRM were developed. |
| Keywords: | IT-Sicherheit, Human Resource Management (HRM), Federated Learning, Personalabteilung |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esrepo:290556&r=ppm |
| By: | C. Le Gousse; Isabelle Bouty (DRM - Dauphine Recherches en Management - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this study is to explore the strategies deployed by managers in organisations to legitimate their intuitions. Managerial prac-tice is a continual process of emergence and integration of problems and projects, and by which managers navigate a complex world. To do so, they rely partly on their intuitions, whose effectiveness has largely been demonstrated in the literature. However, the rational model is still considered the optimal cognition and decision-making process in organisations. The persistence of the myth of rationality compels managers to deploy strategies to legitimate their intuitions. But these strategies are poorly understood. The aim of this study therefore was to describe them. For this purpose, we collected 191 accounts of episodes where managers legitimated their intuitions. Our analysis of these accounts revealed seven intuition legitimation strategies. Some of these strategies had not previously been identified in the institu-tional literature (personalisation, transparency, exploration and compound strategy). For others which had already been partly described (rationalisation, manipulation and relational strategy), we show that managers deploy new modes. These results contribute to the knowl-edge of legitimation strategies from a conceptual point of view. They also shed some light on the mistrust of intuition that still prevails in organisations, despite its importance |
| Abstract: | Cette étude a pour objet d'explorer les stratégies de légitimation de leurs intuitions par les managers dans les organisations. La pratique managériale est un processus continu d'émergence et d'intégration de problèmes et de projets par lequel les managers naviguent dans un monde complexe. Pour cela, ils misent entre autres sur leurs intuitions, dont l'efficacité est très largement avérée dans la littérature. Pourtant, en entreprise, le modèle rationnel est toujours considéré comme le processus de cognition et de décision optimal. La persistance de ce mythe de la rationalité contraint donc les managers à déployer des stratégies de légitimation de leurs intuitions. Or, ces stratégies sont mal connues et c'est donc à leur description que s'attache cette étude. Àcette fin, nous avons collecté 191récits d'épisodes de légitimation de leurs intuitions par des managers. Leur analyse nous conduit à révéler sept stratégies de légitimation des intuitions. Certaines stratégies n'étaient pas préalablement identifiées dans la littérature institutionnelle (personnalisation, transparence, exploration, stratégie combinatoire). Pour d'autres, déjà partiellement décrites (rationalisation, manipulation, stratégie relationnelle), nous montrons que les managers en déploient de nouvelles modalités. Ces résultats enrichissent la connaissance des stratégies de légitimation d'un point de vue conceptuel. Ils éclairent aussi, en creux, la méfiance dont souffre encore l'intuition dans les entreprises malgré son importance |
| Keywords: | Intuition, Legitimation, Expertise, Manager |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04532977&r=ppm |
| By: | Evangelos Katsamakas |
| Abstract: | The simulation hypothesis suggests that we live in a computer simulation. That notion has attracted significant scholarly and popular interest. This article explores the simulation hypothesis from a business perspective. Due to the lack of a name for a universe consistent with the simulation hypothesis, we propose the term simuverse. We argue that if we live in a simulation, there must be a business justification. Therefore, we ask: If we live in a simuverse, what is its business model? We identify and explore business model scenarios, such as simuverse as a project, service, or platform. We also explore business model pathways and risk management issues. The article contributes to the simulation hypothesis literature and is the first to provide a business model perspective on the simulation hypothesis. The article discusses theoretical and practical implications and identifies opportunities for future research related to sustainability, digital transformation, and Artificial Intelligence (AI). |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2404.08991&r=ppm |
| By: | Vesa Pursiainen (University of St. Gallen; Swiss Finance Institute); Meichen Qian (University of Chicago Booth School of Business); Dragon Yongjun Tang (The University of Hong Kong - Faculty of Business and Economics) |
| Abstract: | We study the role of environmental commitments by technology entrepreneurs in their reward-based crowdfunding campaigns. Technology projects with public environmental commitments are significantly less likely to receive funding, but this varies depending on local climate opinions and political views. Backers in areas less concerned about climate change and more Republican areas are significantly less likely to fund campaigns with environmental commitments. The negative relationship between campaign outcomes and environmental commitments is stronger in cases where such commitments might be assumed more costly, suggesting that at least some backers interpret there to be a trade-off between sustainability and other product features. |
| Keywords: | Sustainability, entrepreneurship, crowdfunding, environmental attitudes |
| JEL: | G11 M13 Q55 Q56 |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chf:rpseri:rp2425&r=ppm |
| By: | Bougheas, Spiros; Commendatore, Pasquale; Gardini, Laura; Kubin, Ingrid; Zörner, Thomas O. |
| Abstract: | We introduce a banking sector and heterogeneous agents in the dynamic overlapping generations model of Matsuyama et al. (2016). Our model captures the benefits and costs of an advanced banking system. While it allocates resources to productive activities, it can also hinder progress if it invests in projects that do not contribute to capital formation, and potentially triggering instabilities due to the emergence of cycles. Our intergenerational dynamic framework, enables us to show that income inequality between agents increases during recessions, confirming empirical observations. Moreover, we identify both changes in production factor prices and the reallocation of agents across occupations as driving factors behind the increased inequality. |
| Keywords: | Banks; Financial Innovation; Cycles; Income Inequality |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wiw:wus005:62095520&r=ppm |
| By: | Heinzel, Mirko; Weaver, Catherine; Jorgensen, Samantha |
| Abstract: | How does the representation of women in international organizations affect the implementation of gender mainstreaming policies? Many international organizations have adopted policies to prevent gender discrimination in their operations, but their implementation is often lackluster. We argue that these shortcomings appear due to a combination of institutional incentives and an underrepresentation of women in their staff. We test the argument in the case of the World Bank, drawing on highly disaggregated staffing data, an instrumental variable strategy, and an elite survey experiment. Our results show that most staff incorporate at least shallow gender mainstreaming in their projects. Deeper implementation of gender mainstreaming is more likely when women staff supervise projects, hold positions of authority, and are more represented as coworkers. These results contribute to understanding the disconnects between talk and action on mainstreaming policies and inform debates on representation in global governance. |
| Keywords: | A.SK Foundation (WZB Berlin Social Science Centre); CUP deal |
| JEL: | R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2024–04–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:122464&r=ppm |